Chapter 9

Which of the following statements concerning the auditor's use of statistical sampling is correct? a. An auditor needs to estimate the dollar amount of the standard deviation of the population in order to use classical variables sampling. b. An assumption of monetary-unit sampling is that the underlying accounting population is normally distributed. c. A classical variables sample needs to be designed with special considerations to include negative balances in the sample. d. The selection of zero balances usually does not require special sample design considerations when using monetary-unit sampling.

a. An auditor needs to estimate the dollar amount of the standard deviation of the population in order to use classical variables sampling.

An auditor is performing substantive procedures of pricing and extensions of perpetual inventory balances consisting of a large number of items. Past experience indicates that there may be numerous pricing and extension errors. Which of the following statistical sampling approaches is most appropriate? a. Classical variables sampling. b. Monetary-unit sampling. c. Stop-n-go sampling. d. Attribute sampling.

a. Classical variables sampling.

Considering each independently, a change in which of the following sample planning factors would influence the sample size for a substantive test of details for a specific account? a. Expected Misstatement: No. Tolerable Misstatement: No b. Expected Misstatement: Yes. Tolerable Misstatement: Yes c. Expected Misstatement: No. Tolerable Misstatement: Yes d. Expected Misstatement: Yes. Tolerable Misstatement: Yes

b. Expected Misstatement: Yes. Tolerable Misstatement: Yes

How would increases in tolerable misstatement and assessed level of control risk affect the sample size in a substantive test of details? a. Increase in Tolerable Misstatement = Decrease sample size. Increase in Assessed Level of Control Risk = Decrease sample size b. Increase in Tolerable Misstatement = Decrease sample size. Increase in Assessed Level of Control Risk = Increase sample size c. Increase in Tolerable Misstatement = Increase sample size. Increase in Assessed Level of Control Risk = Decrease sample size d. Increase in Tolerable Misstatement = Increase sample size. Increase in Assessed Level of Control Risk = Increase sample size

b. Increase in Tolerable Misstatement = Decrease sample size. Increase in Assessed Level of Control Risk = Increase sample size

Which of the following would most likely be an advantage in using classical variables sampling rather than monetary-unit sampling? a. An estimate of the standard deviation of the population's recorded amounts is not required. b. The auditor rarely needs the assistance of a computer program to design an efficient sample. c. Inclusion of zero and negative balances generally does not require special design considerations. d. Any amount that is individually significant is automatically identified and selected.

c. Inclusion of zero and negative balances generally does not require special design considerations.

In classical variables sampling, which of the following must be known in order to estimate the appropriate sample size required to meet the auditor's needs in a given situation? a. The qualitative aspects of misstatements. b. The total dollar amount of the population. c. The acceptable level of risk. d. The estimated percentage of deviations in the population.

c. The acceptable level of risk.

Which of the following statements concerning monetary-unit sampling is correct? a. The sampling distribution should approximate the normal distribution. b. Overstated units have a lower probability of sample selection than units that are understated. c. The auditor controls the risk of incorrect acceptance by specifying the desired confidence level for the sampling plan. d. The sampling interval is calculated by dividing the number of physical units in the population by the sample size.

c. The auditor controls the risk of incorrect acceptance by specifying the desired confidence level for the sampling plan

A number of factors influence the sample size for a substantive test of details of an account balance. All other factors being equal, which of the following would lead to a larger sample size? a. Greater reliance on internal controls. b. Greater reliance on analytical procedures. c. Smaller expected frequency of misstatements. d. Smaller amount of tolerable misstatement.

d. Smaller amount of tolerable misstatement.

Which of the following sampling methods would be used to estimate a numeric measurement of a population, such as a dollar value? a. Random sampling. b. Numeric sampling. c. Attribute sampling. d. Variable sampling.

d. Variable sampling.