Chapter 9 Male Reproductive System- Pathology and Procedures
PSA test
A blood test used to detect prostatic cancer and to monitor the patient's response to therapy
Hypospadias
A developmental anomaly in the male in which the urethra opens on the ventral aspect of the penis or on the perineum
Cryptorchism, cryptorchidism
A developmental defect in which one or both testicles fail to descend into the scrotum and are retained in the abdomen or the inguinal canal
Vasectomy
A procedure for male sterilization involving the bilateral surgical removal of a part of the vas deferens
Syphilis
A sexually transmitted disease caused by the spirochete Treponema pallidum, characterized by distinct stages of effects over a period of years
Vasovasostomy
A surgical procedure in which the function of the vas deferens on each side of the testes is restored after having been cut and ligated in a previous vasectomy
Circumcision
A surgical procedure in which the prepuce of the penis or the prepuce of the clitoris is excised
Hydrocele
An accumulation of fluid in the tunica vaginalis testis or along the spermatic cord
Oligospermia
An insufficient number of spermatozoa in the semen
Orchidopexy
An operation to mobilize an undescended testis, bring it into the scrotum, and fix it so that it will not retract
Testicular torsion
Axial rotation of the spermatic cord that cuts off the blood supply to the testicle, epididymis, and other structures
Varicocele
Dilation of the pampiniform venous complex of the spermatic cord, resulting in a soft, elastic swelling that can cause pain
Orchitis
Inflammation of one or both of the testes, characterized by swelling and pain
Balanitis
Inflammation of the glans penis
Aspermia
Lack of formation or ejaculation of semen
Azoospermia
Lack of spermatozoa in the semen
Benign prostatic hyperplasia
Nonmalignant, noninflammatory enlargement of the prostate, most common among men over 50 years of age
Digital rectal examination
Palpation of the prostate and rectum for abnormalities by means of insertion of a gloved finger into the rectum
Transurethral resection of the prostate
Resection of the prostate with the use of a cystoscope passed through the urethra
Prostatectomy
Surgical removal of a part of the prostate gland or the total excision of the gland
Orchiectomy
Surgical removal of one or both testes
Spermatogenesis
The process of development of spermatozoa
Castration
The surgical excision of one or both testicles or ovaries
Phimosis
Tightness of the prepuce of the penis that prevents the retraction of the foreskin over the glans
Gonorrhea
a common sexually transmitted disease caused by the organism Neisseria gonorrhoeae