Chapter 9

Don, an accountant, has had many inputs related to his position as an accountant over the years. One of his inputs is ________.

Education

The justice, impartiality, and fairness to which all organizational members are entitled are ________.

Equity

The term ________ refers to the psychological forces that determine the direction of a person's behavior in an organization, a person's level of effort, and a person's level of persistence.

Motivation

An organization focuses on cost-savings techniques and shares a percentage of the cost savings resulting from these techniques with its employees. This is the idea behind the ________ plan.

Scanlon

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, which of the following is the highest level of needs of workers?

Self-actualization

Establishing and maintaining good interpersonal relations and being liked are characteristics of individuals who can be rated high on the need for ________.

affiliation

People experiencing underpayment inequity are most likely to ________.

be absent

The theory that describes how outcomes such as pay should be distributed in proportion to inputs is ________ theory.

equity

Behavior that is performed by an employee to acquire a material reward, to acquire a social reward, or to avoid punishment is referred to as ________ behavior.

extrinsically motivated

When managers of an organization treat their subordinates with dignity and respect and are polite and courteous, the interpersonal justice is ________ and motivation is ________.

high; high

Professor David offers his students $10 if they can run around the classroom building in two minutes. Michael, his student, believes that even if he does this, Professor David would not really give him the money. Michael's lack of motivation can be explained by ________.

instrumentality

Behavior that is performed by an employee "for its own sake" is referred to as ________.

intrinsically motivated behavior

Barbara is the dean of the College of Business. She enjoys the pace of her work and the feeling of accomplishment she gets when she is able to initiate a new program to help students. The salary she receives is attractive and allows her to travel abroad on her vacations. Barbara ________.

is both intrinsically and extrinsically motivated

A relatively permanent change in a person's knowledge or behavior that results from practice or experience is known as ________.

learning

An employer can attempt to meet the employees' safety needs by providing ________.

medical benefits

In Herzberg's motivator-hygiene theory, needs that are related to the nature of the work itself and the degree of challenge contained in the work are known as ________ needs.

motivator

Sue is extrinsically motivated. With George, her boss, knowing this, he would ________.

praise Sue