chapter one: introduction to psychology.

identify each skill as either a benefit or not a benefit of studying psychology?

benefit: - learning to study effectively - forming healthy habits - thinking critically about stories in the media. not benefit(s): - diagnosing your own psychological disorders.

(fill in the blanks) in contrast to early research such as ______, present-day studies must follow strict _____ guidelines to ensure the well=being of those involved. contemporary research also embraces ________ to make findings more accessible.

the little albert study ethical open science

identify the true or false statements about pseudoscience.

true: franz mesmer's theory of animal magnetism was pseudoscience. - pseudoscience can be well-intentioned. false: - present day psychology is pseudoscience. - pseudoscience is based on empirical evidence.

mental processes that we cannot directly observe pr influence are _______. these processes often have a ________ effect on our behavior. if hanna says that wealth is the key factor in determining whether a potential romantic partner is attractive, that statement is an example of a _____ preference. but if she actually finds henry, a barista, more attractive than alessia, an investment banker, there are likely to be ______ processes affecting her presences.

unconscious strong conscious unconscious

which of the following scenarios are examples of effectively applying psychology to everyday life?

correct answer(s) - anja meditates every morning before work. - Pablo organizes an annual barbeque for all his neighbors in his apartment building. - at his job interview, Jeremy focuses on getting along with the interviewer and complimenting the company's work. - Leslie encourages her teenage daughter to explore her interest in painting by helping her and her friends put on an art show. incorrect answers: - tom refuses to vaccinate his son after reading a blog that claims vaccines can cause autism.

freddie is puzzled by his roommate marco's newfound obsession with astrology. marco refuses to leave their dorm before looking up his horoscope each morning, and he believes that studying astrology can help him predict his future successes and failures. which of the following statements could freddie use as effective arguments about why marco should take astrology less seriously?

correct answer(s) - astrology is pseudoscience. - astrology is not founded on empirical research. - there is no scientific evidence that astrology can predict what will happen to you. incorrect answer(s) - most people do not believe in astrology.

identify the true and false statements about the biological-neuroscience perspective.

correct answers: - all psychological processes are also biological. - measuring blood flow to brain regions can show us how mental processes work. - studying dysfunctions of the brain helps us understand its normal functions. incorrect answers: - traits based on genes or biology are unchangeable.

identify the actions that are psychologically supported ways to improve your performance in your college courses.

correct: - motivating yourself to attend class and complete assignments. - using metacognition to improve your study habits. - focusing more on critically thinking about information than memorizing that information. incorrect: - cramming the night before a midterm.

jayden is a 21-year-old american college student who is on a study-abroad program in tokyo. while the experience was thrilling at first, over the last few weeks he has fallen into a depression. he finds that he has trouble understanding many japanese customs, and he's having trouble remembering the material in his classes. to make matters worse, he feels like he's awkward at parties, and he deeply misses his girlfriend, deanna. however, he feels like he should be open to new experiences and is trying his best to explore the city. label each explanation of jayden's situation with the most relevant psychological perspective

developmental: - Jayden is at an age at which many people feel unsure about what they're doing, as opposed later on in life. biological-neuroscience: - a recent change in the blood flow to a certain brain region partially explains jayden's depression. social: Jayden is much less outgoing at parties in tokyo than at home because he doesn't have many friends in tokyo. clinical: - therapy and medication could be effective methods for treating jayden's depression. personality: - despite his depression and loneliness, jayden remains open to new experiences.

jayden is a 21-year-old american college student who is on a study-abroad program in tokyo. while the experience was thrilling at first, over the last few weeks he has fallen into a depression. he finds that he has trouble understanding many japanese customs, and he's having trouble remembering the material in his classes. to make matters worse, he feels like he's awkward at parties, and he deeply misses his girlfriend, deAnna. however, he feels like he should be open to new experiences and is trying his best to explore the city. label each explanation of jayden's situation with the most relevant psychological perspective. (cognitive, cultural, evolutionary, and emotional)

emotional: - jayden feels cheerful when video-chatting with deanna, but he feels sad as soon as the call is over. cognitive: - jayden has trouble remembering his course material because when he's sitting in class, he can't stop thinking he'll fail. evolutionary: jayden misses deanna so much in part because all humans have evolved to need a successful relationship with a mate. cultural: the disorientation he feels when interacting with japanese customs is in part responsible for Jayden's depression.

which of the following situations are examples of psychological concepts?

examples: - andria members having an allergic reaction in a restaurant as a child, but her parents say it never happened. - Vikram is starting to take medication to treat his schizophrenia. - rick knows that he should study for his history midterm, but he can't stop playing his new video game. - laura is mad that ayesha has been ignoring her on social media all weekend. non examples: - (not an answer: it was a trick question, there aren't any non-examples)

rosita's intelligence is determined by both nature and nurture. Identify each influence on her intelligence as illustrating nature or nurture.

nature: - rosita's adoptive parents encouraged her to do her homework. - rosita inherited her birth parents' gift for language. nurture: - rosita grew up in a culture that valued open education for all children. - rosita's adoptive parents encouraged her to do her homework.

the next day, claire reads a second article that also claims that exercise can improve memory. if claire is using critical thinking, which of the following aspects of the article would seem to support this claim?

supports claim: - does not support claim: