Characteristic of myoblast (Skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscle functions)
Skeletal muscle blood supply
1 artery and vein/cell blood supply
Fast oxidative
have a fast contraction velocity and are resistant to fatigue
Cardiac muscle voluntary or involuntary control
involuntary
Smooth muscle voluntary or involuntary control
involuntary
Cardiac muscle strength of contraction
middle
Fast glycolytic
relatively few mitochondria, relatively few blood capillaries and large amounts
Slow oxidative
rich in mitochondria and myoglobin; split ATP at a slow rate
Skeletal muscle innervation
1 nerve/cell (per fiber); gradient of strength
Cardiac muscle blood supply
1:1 blood supply
Smooth muscle innervation
2 types: Single unit muscle - not all cells act together Multiunit muscle - all cells; all or nothing response
Skeletal muscle energy requirement
ATP with or without oxygen
Smooth muscle blood supply
Sparse blood supply
Skeletal muscle voluntary or involuntary control
Voluntary
Smooth muscle elaborate sarcoplasmic reticulum
Equivalent to cardiac muscle; some SR contacts the sarcolemma
Smooth muscle energy requirement
ATP with oxygen
Cardiac muscle energy requirement
ATP with oxygen (little need for glycogen)
Skeletal muscle strength of contraction
all three strength; mixture of all three and genetically varying
Skeletal muscle location
Attached to bones or to skin
Skeletal muscle size
Big. 100 um in diameter. Several cm in length. Myoblast fused together creates its length
Cardiac muscle shape
Branching chains of cells, uni or bi nucleated; striations; nucleus in center; lots of mitochondria; intercalated discs - 2 parts: Gap junctions and desmosomes
Skeletal muscle fatigue ability
Depends on type of muscle that is most abundant in individual (fast/slow oxidative or fast glycolytic)
Cardiac muscle connective tissue
Endomyisum attached to fibrous skeleton of the heart
Smooth muscle connective tissue
Endomyosium
Skeletal muscle connective tissue
Epimyisum, perimysium, and endomysium
Presence of myofibrils composed of sarcomeres
Goes from z-line to z-line
Cardiac muscle elaborate sarcoplasmic reticulum
Less elaborate sarcoplasmic reticulum than skeletal muscle; scant terminal cisternae
Smooth muscle size
Medium. 2-10 um in diameter. Several hundred um in length.
Innervation
Nerve supply
Skeletal muscle presence of gap junctions
No presence of gap junctions
Smooth muscle presence of myofibrils composed of sarcomeres
No presence of myofibrils composed of sarcomeres, but actin and myosin filaments are present throughout (does not have a sarcomere)
Smooth muscles cross striping
No striations; no sarcomere
Smooth muscle are there presence of t-tubules and site of invagination
No, presence of t-tubules and site of invagination caveoli among the sarcolema
Cardiac muscle innervation
Not all cells are innervated; all or nothing contraction
Skeletal muscle cross striping
Obvious striations; typical sarcomere
Cardiac muscle fatigue ability
Resistant to being tired
Smooth muscle fatigue ability
Resistant to being tired
Cardiac muscle source of calcium for calcium pulse
SR and extra cellular fluid are the source of calcium for calcium pulse
Smooth muscle source of calcium for calcium pulse
SR and from extracellular fluid are the source of calcium for calcium pulse
Skeletal muscle source of calcium for calcium pulse
Sarcoplasmic reticulum contains source of calcium for calcium pulse
Smooth muscle shape
Single, spindle shaped cells (thick in the middle and tapered at the end), uninucleated (in the center); little mitochondria; dense bodies
Skeletal muscle shape
Single, very long cylindrical, multinucleated cells with obvious striations (nucleus at periphery); lots of mitochondria
Smooth muscle strength of contraction
Slow
Cardiac muscle size
Small. 15 um in diameter. 100 um in length
Cardiac muscle cross striping
Striations; sarcomere
Smooth muscle location
Walls of hollow organs, such as the stomach, respirator tubes, bladder, blood vessels, and uterus
Cardiac muscle location
Walls of the heart (not part of blood vessels, just heart)
Cardiac muscle presence of gap junctions
Yes presence of gap junctions at intercalated discs
Smooth muscle presence of gap junctions
Yes presence of gap junctions, in a single unit muscle but not in multi.
Skeletal muscle presence of myofibrils composed of sarcomeres
Yes presence of myofibrils composed of sarcomeres
Cardiac muscle presence of myofibrils composed of sarcomeres
Yes presence of myofibrils composed of sarcomeres, but myofibrils are of irregular thickness
Cardiac muscle are there presence of t-tubules and site of invagination
Yes presence of t-tubules and site of invagination at z-lines, larger diameter than those of skeletal muscle
Skeletal muscle elaborate sarcoplasmic reticulum
Yes, has elaborate sarcoplasmic reticulum
Skeletal muscle are there presence of t-tubules and site of invagination
Yes, presence of t-tubules and site of invagination at A-I junctions
