Chemical Reactions (writing, types & balancing)

write a balanced chemical equation with symbols: calcium carbonate powder decomposes to yield a calcium oxide solid and carbon dioxide gas

CaCO3 (s) ---> CaO (s) + CO2 (g)

write a balanced chemical equation with symbols: iron (III) chloride solution plus aluminum metal yields aluminum chloride and iron metal

FeCl3 (aq) + Al (s) ---> AlCl3 (aq) + Fe (s)

What are the 7 diatomic molecules?

Hydrogen, nitrogen, fluorine, oxygen, iodine, chlorine, bromine

What does the law of conservation of mass state?

Mass is never created or destroyed, it is conserved total mass before reaction must equal total mass afterward (however, it can change state. ex: a solid turns into gas and escapes the test tube)

If sodium chloride is dissolved in water, what is the solute? What is the solvent?

NaCl is solute, water is solvent

convert to a word equation: CaCO3 + HCl ---> CaCl2 + H2O + CO2

calcium carbonate + hydrochloric acid ---> calcium chloride + dihydrogen monoxide + carbon dioxide

What type of reaction is this? C6H14 + O2 ---> CO2 + H2O

combustion only

What type of reaction is this? 2H2O2 ---> 2H2O + O2

decomposition

What type of reaction is this? 2Ni2O3 ---> 4Ni + 3O2

decomposition (it is NOT a combustion because oxygen is in the products, not the reactants)

What type of reaction is this? Ca(OH)2 + H2SO4 ---> CaSO4 + 2H2O

double replacement

What type of reaction is this? FeBr3 + H2SO4 ---> Fe2(SO4) + HBr

double replacement

What type of reaction is this? NaCl + AgNO3 ---> NaNO3 + AgCl

double replacement

true or false: precipitation reactions are always single replacement reactions

false, they are always double replacement reactions

What are some indications that a chemical reaction has occurred?

heat, light, gas is created (bubbling or effervence), a precipitate (solid) is formed, color change

What are the reactants in the following reaction? Iron + Oxygen --> iron (III) oxide

iron & oxygen

What are the products in the following reaciton? Iron + Oxygen --> iron (III) oxide

iron (III) oxide

is the following reaction an example of a precipitation reaction: HCl (aq) → H+ (aq) + Cl- (aq)

no, a solid is not formed in the products, also this is not a double replacement reaction

Can subscripts of a chemical reaction be changed in order to balance an equation?

no, only coefficients can be added

is the following reaction an example of a precipitation reaction: Mg (s) + Zn(NO3)2 (aq) → Mg(NO3)2 (aq) + Zn (s)

no, there is a solid in the products, but this is not a double replacement reaction so it cannot be a precipitation reaction

convert to a word equation: 2 KI + Pb(NO3)2 ---> PbI2 + 2KNO3

potassium iodide + lead (II) nitrate ---> lead (II) iodide + potassium nitrate

What type of reaction is this? 2KBr + Cl2 ---> 2KCl + Br2

single replacement

What type of reaction is this? Pb + CuCl2 ---> PbCl2 + Cu

single replacement

What type of reaction is this? Zn + H2SO4 ---> ZnSO4 + H2

single replacement

convert to a word equation: NaCl + Pb(NO3)2 ---> NaNO3 + PbCl2

sodium chloride + lead (II) nitrate ---> sodium nitrate + lead (II) chloride

What do the following labels mean? (s), (g), (l) & (aq)

solid, gas, liquid, aqueous solution

What type of reaction is this? CaO + H2O ---> Ca(OH)2

synthesis

What type of reaction is this? 2H2 + O2 ---> 2H2O

synthesis and combustion

What happens to ionic compound when they are dissolved in water?

they break (dissociate) into + and - ions

is the following reaction an example of a precipitation reaction: 2NaOH (aq) + CuCl2 (aq) → 2NaCl (aq) + Cu(OH)2 (s)

yes, 2 aqueous solutions create a solid in the products

Balance the following: ___Ca3(PO4)2 + ___H2SO4 ---> ___CaSO4 + ___Ca(H2PO4)2

1:2:2:1

Balance the following: ___Fe + ___Cl2 ---> ___FeCl3

2:3:2

Balance the following: ___Al + ___HCl ---> ___AlCl3 + ___H2

2:6:2:3

write a balanced chemical equation with symbols: sodium metal reacts with liquid water to create sodium hydroxide solution and hydrogen gas

2Na (s) + 2H2O (l) ---> 2NaOH (aq) + H2 (g)

Balance the following: ___Fe + ___O2 ---> ___Fe2O3

4:3:2

write a balanced chemical equation with symbols: barium metal reacts with sulfur powder, (S8) to form solid barium sulfide

8 Ba (s) + S8 (s) ---> 8 BaS (s)