Chemical Reactions (writing, types & balancing)
write a balanced chemical equation with symbols: calcium carbonate powder decomposes to yield a calcium oxide solid and carbon dioxide gas
CaCO3 (s) ---> CaO (s) + CO2 (g)
write a balanced chemical equation with symbols: iron (III) chloride solution plus aluminum metal yields aluminum chloride and iron metal
FeCl3 (aq) + Al (s) ---> AlCl3 (aq) + Fe (s)
What are the 7 diatomic molecules?
Hydrogen, nitrogen, fluorine, oxygen, iodine, chlorine, bromine
What does the law of conservation of mass state?
Mass is never created or destroyed, it is conserved total mass before reaction must equal total mass afterward (however, it can change state. ex: a solid turns into gas and escapes the test tube)
If sodium chloride is dissolved in water, what is the solute? What is the solvent?
NaCl is solute, water is solvent
convert to a word equation: CaCO3 + HCl ---> CaCl2 + H2O + CO2
calcium carbonate + hydrochloric acid ---> calcium chloride + dihydrogen monoxide + carbon dioxide
What type of reaction is this? C6H14 + O2 ---> CO2 + H2O
combustion only
What type of reaction is this? 2H2O2 ---> 2H2O + O2
decomposition
What type of reaction is this? 2Ni2O3 ---> 4Ni + 3O2
decomposition (it is NOT a combustion because oxygen is in the products, not the reactants)
What type of reaction is this? Ca(OH)2 + H2SO4 ---> CaSO4 + 2H2O
double replacement
What type of reaction is this? FeBr3 + H2SO4 ---> Fe2(SO4) + HBr
double replacement
What type of reaction is this? NaCl + AgNO3 ---> NaNO3 + AgCl
double replacement
true or false: precipitation reactions are always single replacement reactions
false, they are always double replacement reactions
What are some indications that a chemical reaction has occurred?
heat, light, gas is created (bubbling or effervence), a precipitate (solid) is formed, color change
What are the reactants in the following reaction? Iron + Oxygen --> iron (III) oxide
iron & oxygen
What are the products in the following reaciton? Iron + Oxygen --> iron (III) oxide
iron (III) oxide
is the following reaction an example of a precipitation reaction: HCl (aq) → H+ (aq) + Cl- (aq)
no, a solid is not formed in the products, also this is not a double replacement reaction
Can subscripts of a chemical reaction be changed in order to balance an equation?
no, only coefficients can be added
is the following reaction an example of a precipitation reaction: Mg (s) + Zn(NO3)2 (aq) → Mg(NO3)2 (aq) + Zn (s)
no, there is a solid in the products, but this is not a double replacement reaction so it cannot be a precipitation reaction
convert to a word equation: 2 KI + Pb(NO3)2 ---> PbI2 + 2KNO3
potassium iodide + lead (II) nitrate ---> lead (II) iodide + potassium nitrate
What type of reaction is this? 2KBr + Cl2 ---> 2KCl + Br2
single replacement
What type of reaction is this? Pb + CuCl2 ---> PbCl2 + Cu
single replacement
What type of reaction is this? Zn + H2SO4 ---> ZnSO4 + H2
single replacement
convert to a word equation: NaCl + Pb(NO3)2 ---> NaNO3 + PbCl2
sodium chloride + lead (II) nitrate ---> sodium nitrate + lead (II) chloride
What do the following labels mean? (s), (g), (l) & (aq)
solid, gas, liquid, aqueous solution
What type of reaction is this? CaO + H2O ---> Ca(OH)2
synthesis
What type of reaction is this? 2H2 + O2 ---> 2H2O
synthesis and combustion
What happens to ionic compound when they are dissolved in water?
they break (dissociate) into + and - ions
is the following reaction an example of a precipitation reaction: 2NaOH (aq) + CuCl2 (aq) → 2NaCl (aq) + Cu(OH)2 (s)
yes, 2 aqueous solutions create a solid in the products
Balance the following: ___Ca3(PO4)2 + ___H2SO4 ---> ___CaSO4 + ___Ca(H2PO4)2
1:2:2:1
Balance the following: ___Fe + ___Cl2 ---> ___FeCl3
2:3:2
Balance the following: ___Al + ___HCl ---> ___AlCl3 + ___H2
2:6:2:3
write a balanced chemical equation with symbols: sodium metal reacts with liquid water to create sodium hydroxide solution and hydrogen gas
2Na (s) + 2H2O (l) ---> 2NaOH (aq) + H2 (g)
Balance the following: ___Fe + ___O2 ---> ___Fe2O3
4:3:2
write a balanced chemical equation with symbols: barium metal reacts with sulfur powder, (S8) to form solid barium sulfide
8 Ba (s) + S8 (s) ---> 8 BaS (s)