Chemistry Chapter 5

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How many orbitals are in the s sublevel

1 orbital

How many electrons do the Alkali metals have

1 valance electron

How many electrons are in 27Al+3

10 electrons

How many electrons are in the d sublevel

10 electrons

What is the mass number of an element with 68 neutrons and 50 protons

118

How many protons are in 27Al+3

13 protons

How many electrons are in the f sublevel

14 electrons

How many neutrons are in 27Al+3

14 neutrons

How many neutrons does Cl have (mass #-34 protons-17)

17 neutrons

How many electrons are in K

19 electrons

How many protons are in K

19 protons

How many electrons are in He

2 electrons

How many electrons are in each orbital

2 electrons

How many electrons are in the s sublevel

2 electrons

How many protons are in He

2 protons

How many electrons do the alkaline earth metals have

2 valance electrons

How many electrons are in Ca

20 electrons

How many protons are in Ca

20 protons

How many electrons are in Fe

26 electrons

How many protons are in Fe

26 protons

How many orbitals are in the p sublevel

3 orbitals

What is the highest energy level for a gallium atom

4

How many orbitals are in the d sublevel

5 orbitals

How many electrons are in C

6 electrons

How many electrons are in the p sublevel

6 electrons

How many protons are in C

6 protons

How many orbitals are in the f sublevel

7 orbitals

How many electrons do the halogens have

7 valance electrons

How many electrons are in the second energy level of an atom

8 electrons; 2 from s and 6 from p

How many electrons do the noble gases have

8 valance electrons

Electrons fill the lowest available energy levels before going to higher ones

Aufbau Principle

Who discovered the neutron

Chadwick

two or more different elements bonded together

Compound

Who discovered the atomic theory

Dalton

Which atoms tend to be larger, atoms near Francium or near Helium

Francium

Which group makes up Halogen

Group -1

Which group makes up Noble Gases

Group 0

Which group makes up Alkali metals

Group 1

Which group makes up the noble gases

Group 18

Which group makes up the alkaline earth metals

Group 2

Which atoms tend to have higher ionization energy, atoms near Francium or near Helium

Helium

Electrons wont pair until all orbitals have on electron first

Hunds Rule

What happens to the number of valence electrons as you go across a period

Increases

Atoms of the same element having the same atomic number but different mass numbers are called

Isotopes

Who discovered the electron

JJ Tomson

Do metals lose or gain electrons and do they become positive or negative

Lose; Positive

Number of neutrons=

Mass number-number of protons

What are the quantum numbers for Strontium +2

N=4 L=1 Ml=1 Ms=-1/2

What element has 28 protons

Nickel

Atomic Number=

Number of protons and electrons unless there is a charge

Mass Number=

Number of protons+ number of neutrons

Only two electrons can be in each orbital but the must spin in opposite directions

Pauli Exclusion Principle

Packet of energy

Photon

What two elements fill their last electron in the 5s sublevel

Rb and Sr

Who discovered the nucleus

Rutherford

What happens to the number of valence electrons as you go down a group

Stays the same

atoms gain electrons or lose protons and the ion has a negative charge nonmetals

anion

What is the fundamental particle of an element, according to Dalton

atom

atoms lose electrons or gain protons and the ion has a positive charge metals

cation

What sublevel is being filled in the Groups 3 through 12 elements

d sublevel

Ionization Energy

down- decrease across- increase

Electronegativity

down- decreases across- increases

Atomic radius

down- increase across- decrease

Ionic Radius

down- increase across- decrease

Which atomic particle determines the chemical behavior of an atom

electron

When an electron gains energy

excited state

When an electron is in its lowest energy level

ground state

What does an atom become if it loses or gains neutrons

ions

What does an atom become if it loses or gains electrons

isotopes

s=0 p=1 d=2 f=3 (shape of electrons orbit)

l

-1, 0, 1 (direction of electrons orbits) (labeled on top of orbital diagram)

m sub l

-1/2 or 1/2 (spin of electron)

m sub s

Is calcium a metal nonmetal or metalloid

metal

Is cobalt a metal nonmetal or metalliod

metal

Is copper a metal nonmetal or metalloid

metal

number in front (main energy of an electron)

n

Is carbon a metal nonmetal or metalliod

nonmetal

ions differ by

number of electrons

isotopes differ by

number of neutrons

atoms differ by

number of protons

What does quantized mean

only occurs at discrete levels

What is the most abundant element found in the human body

oxygen

What is the most abundant element on the earth

oxygen

What sublevel is being filled in the Groups 13 through 18 elements

p sublevel

What does an atom lose or gain to become a new element

protons

What sublevel is being filled in the Groups 1 and 2 elements

s sublevel

Why are the elements that are found in groups so similar to each other, chemically

same number of valence electrons


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