Chemistry final review

a nonpolar covalent bond is most likely to form between two elements that have a difference in electronegativity values of

0.1

the number of valence electrons in group 1 elements is

1

The elements whose electron configurations end with s2 p5 in the highest occupied energy level belong to Group

17

Chlorine has atomic number 17 and mass number 35 it has

17 protons, 17 electrons, and 18 neutrons

phosphorus-33 (atomic number 15) contains

18 neutrons

what is the electron configuration for nitrogen, atomic number 7

1s2 2s2 2p3

the electron notation for aluminum (atomic number 13) is

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p1

the spin quantum number indicates that the number of possible spin states for an electron in an orbital is

2

an aluminum isotope consists of 13 protons, 13 electrons, and 14 neutrons, its mass number is

27

The electron configuration of aluminum, atomic number 13, is [Ne] 3s2 3p1. Aluminum is in Period

3

how many electrons are needed to completely fill the fourth energy level

32

What is the percentage composition of CuCl2

47.27% Cu, 52.73% Cl

The percentage composition of sulfur in SO2 is about 50%. What is the percentage of oxygen in this compound

50%

the number of atoms in 1 mol of carbon is

6.02 E23

bromine, atomic number 35, belongs to group 17. How many electrons does bromine have in its outermost energy level.

7

the number of valence electrons in group 17 elements is

7

in drawing a lewis structure, each nonmetal atom except hydrogen should be surrounded by

8 electrons

which element has the following electron configuration [Ar] 4s2 3d10 4p5?

Bromine

a compound's empirical formula is C2H5. If the formula mass is 58 amu what is the molecular formula

C4H10

what is the formula for the compound formed by calcium ions and chloride ions

CaCl2

which elements orbital is shown

F

a compound contains 64 g of O and 8g of H. What is the empirical formula for this compound

H2O

what is the empirical formula for a compound that is 31.9% potassium, 28.9% chlorine, and 39.2% oxygen

KClO3

a compound's empirical formula is N2O5, if the formula mass is 108 amu, what is the molecular formula

N2O5

what is the formula for sulfur dichloride

SCl2

what is the empirical formula for a compound that is 53.3% O and 46.7% S

SO2

what is the formula for zinc flouride

ZnF2

write the noble-gas electron configuration represented in the orbital diagram below

[Ne] 3s2 3p3

write the noble gas electron configuration for silicon

[Ne]3s2 3p2

the elements in group 1 are also known as the

alkali metals

Name the compound Al2S3.

aluminum sulfide

a negative ion is known as an

anion

evidence gathered sine mendeleev's time indicates that a better arrangement than atomic mass for elements in the periodic table is an arrangement by

atomic number

the melting points of ionic compounds are higher than the melting points of molecular compounds because

attractive forces between ions are greater than the attractive forces between molecules

the atomic mass of an element listed in the periodic table is the

average atomic mass

name the compound CF4

carbon tetraflouride

a positive ion is known as a

cation

the chemical bond formed when two atoms share one or more pairs of electrons is a

covalent bond

in a row in the periodic table, as the atomic number increases, the atomic radius generally

decreases

Name the compound N2O3

dinitrogen trioxide

what are shared in a covalent bond

electrons

a formula that shows the simplest whole-number ratio of the atoms in a compound is the

empirical formula

the main energy level that can hold only two electrons is the

first

what is the sum of the atomic masses of all the atoms in a formula for a compound

formula mass

if electrons in an atom have the lowest possible energies the atom is in the

ground state

compared with ionic compounds, molecular compounds

have lower melting points

ionic compounds are brittle because the strong attractive forces

hold the layers in relatively fixed positions

the B--F bond in BF3 (electronegativity for B is 2.0; electronegativity for F is 4.0) is

ionic

the empirical formula is always the accepted formula for an

ionic compound

how does the energy required to remove an electron from an atom change as you move left to right in period 4 from potassium through iron

it generally increases

in drawing a lewis structure, the central atom is generally the

least electronegative atom

the quantum number that indicates the position of an orbital about the three axes in space is the

magnetic quantum number

atoms of the same element can differ in

mass number

isotopes are atoms of the same element that have different

masses

the molar mass of an element is the mass of one

mole of the element

which of the following shows the types and numbers of atoms joined in a single molecule of a molecular compound

molecular formula

the average atomic mass of an element is the average of the atomic masses of its

naturally occurring isotopes

a nuclear particle that has about the same mass as a proton, but with no electrical charge, is called a

neutron

if two covalently bonded atoms are identical, the bond is

nonpolar covalent

the chemical formula for an ionic compound represents the

number of atoms in each molecule

A chemical formula includes the symbols of the elements in the compound and subscripts that indicate

number of atoms or ions of each element that are combined in the compound

the periodic law states that the properties of elements are periodic functions of their atomic numbers. What determines the position of each element in the periodic table

number of protons

all isotopes of hydrogen contain

one proton

a three-dimensional region around a nucleus where an electron may be found is an

orbital

the electron configurations of the noble gases from neon to radon in the periodic table make these elements part of the

p block

the set of orbitals that are dumbbell shaped and directed along the x, y, and z axes are called

p orbitals

a horizontal row of blocks in the periodic table is called a

period

the electron configuration of cesium, atomic number 55, is [Xe] 6s1. In what period is cesium

period 6

if the atoms that share electrons have an unequal attraction for the electrons, the bond is called

polar

elements in a group or column in the periodic table can be expected to have similar

properties

the atomic number of oxygen, 8, indicates that there are 8

protons in the nucleus of an oxygen atom

what is the order that the orbitals are filled in

s, p, d, f

the empirical formula for a compound shows the symbols of the elements with subscripts indicating the

smallest whole-number ratio of the atoms

the spin quantum number of an electron can be though of as describing

the direction of electron spin

an atom is electrically neutral because

the numbers of protons and electrons are equal

how many electrons can occupy the s orbital at each energy level

two, if they have opposite spins

Mendeleev predicted that the spaces in his periodic table represented

undiscovered elements

the electrons available to be lost, gained, or shared, when atoms form compounds are called

valence electrons