Chemistry Test Unit 3
What happens during the excited state?
Electrons "hop" to another energy level, when they relax back to their original level, it is called fluorescence.
Hund's Rule
Electrons spread out in suborbital before doubling up (bunkbed)
h = ? (name)
planks constant
How do you predict the oxidation state of an element based on their electron structure?
-Excited state -Ground state
If an atom has a +1 what happened? -1?
+1 = lost an electron from the highest energy level -1 = gained an electron in the highest energy level
**revisit polyatomic ions quiz-let
**revisit polyatomic ions quiz-let
How does the periodic table use rules with electron configurations?
-s block goes with the row -D block is one backwards -P block is normal -Noble gasses shortcut -lanthanides and actinides are 4f and 5f -charges of the elements are listed above them.
Quanta
A packet of energy released through electrons relaxing from the excited state
Photon
A particle of light
Pauli Exclusion Principle
A suborbital can hold up to 2 electrons, which spin in opposite directions.
What is the frequency of a wave?
The numbers of a wave that pass per certain amount of time. (waves per second.)
What are the constants when calculating wavelength, frequency, and energy?
C= 3.00 x 10^8 m/s h= 6.6262 x 10^(-34) J x s
What is the process of fluorescence?
Fluorescence is the process where electrons relaxing from the excited state release a type of energy. Either light or energy. is released.
Aufbau Principle
Lower energy levels must fill all the way before other levels can be filled.
Heisenberg uncertainty principle
Location and momentum of an electron particle cannot be known at the same time.
What is the kernel structure?
Noble gas shortcut.
What are the shapes of the s and p orbitals?
S- spherical P- dumbells
What is the difference between the emission spectra and the absorption spectra?
The difference between absorption and emission spectra are that absorption lines are where light has been absorbed by the atom thus you see a dip in the spectrum whereas emission spectra have spikes in the spectra due to atoms releasing photons at those wavelengths.
What is the wavelength of a wave?
The length of a wave. Crest to crest, trough to trough, etc.
How do you draw the orbital diagram?
You write boxes which have the energy levels (1s1, 1s2, 2s1) and write in electrons with arrows, spinning in opposite directions.
What is the absorption spectra?
a spectrum of electromagnetic radiation transmitted through a substance, showing dark lines or bands due to absorption of specific wavelengths.
What is the emission spectra?
a spectrum of the electromagnetic radiation emitted by a source.
What is the energy of a wave?
determined by its frequency.
What order does the electron configuration diagram go?
diagonal 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 3d 4s 4p 4d 4f 5s 5p 5d 5f 5g 6s 6p 6d 6f 6g 6h 7s 7p 7d 7f 7g 7h 7i
What are the size differences between the parts of the atom?
protons and neutrons are equal and electrons are 2000x smaller
c = ? (name)
speed of light
How do you calculate frequency of a wave?
with c= λv or E= hv
How do you calculate energy of a wave?
with E= hv
How do you calculate wavelength of a wave?
with c=λv
How do you write an electron configuration?
you write the orbital level, and the number of electrons filling the orbital next to it until you get to the last elections.
