Chp 37 Ear

Number the structures (1-9) by clicking and dragging the labels to indicate their respective positions in relation to the pathway of the sound vibrations. Assign number 1 to the most superficial portion of the outer ear.

1. Auricle 2. External acoustic meatus (air vibrations within) 3. Tympanic membrane 4. Malleus 5. Incus 6. Stapes 7. Oval window 8. Basilar membrane of spiral organ within cochlea 9. Hair cells of spiral region

Tympanic cavity

Air-filled space containing auditory ossicles within middle ear

Stapes

Auditory ossicle attached to oval window

Malleus

Auditory ossicle attached to tympanic membrane

Outer Ear

Auricle External acoustic meatus Tympanic membrane

Bony labyrinth

Bony chambers of inner ear in temporal bone

Membranous labyrinth

Chambers containing endolymph within bony labyrinth

Which of the following structures is part of the inner ear?

Cochlea

Inner Ear

Cochlea Semicircular canals Vestibule

Tympanic membrane (eardrum)

Cone-shaped, semitransparent membrane attached to malleus

Pharyngotympanic tube

Connects middle ear and pharynx

Tectorial membrane

Contacts hairs of hearing receptors

Scala tympani

Extends from apex of cochlea to round window and contains perilymph

The pharyngotympanic tube connects the outer ear to the inner ear.

False

Scala vestibuli

Leads from oval window to apex of cochlea and contains perilymph

The middle ear bones articulate from tympanic membrane to oval window in which of the following sequences?

Malleus, incus, stapes

The _________ test is done to assess possible conduction deafness by comparing bone and air conduction.

Rinne

Which hearing test is done to assess possible conduction deafness by comparing bone and air conduction?

Rinne test

External acoustic meatus

S-shaped tube leading to tympanic membrane

Middle Ear

Stapes Malleus Incus Round window Pharyngotympanic tube

Endolymph is located within the cochlear duct of the cochlea.

True

The cochlear nerve serves as the hearing branch of the vestibulocochlear nerve.

True

Cochlear duct

Tube within cochlea containing spiral organ and endolymph

Which of the following structures is part of the middle ear?

Tympanic cavity

The __________ test is done to assess possible conduction or sensory deafness.

Weber

Which hearing test is used to distinguish possible conduction or sensory deafness?

Weber test

To equalize pressure for proper vibration of the eardrum, the pharyngotympanic, or _____________, tube connects the middle ear to the pharynx.

auditory

The middle ear _____________________ conduct and amplify the waves from the tympanic membrane to the ________________.

auditory ossicles oval window

The external flap of the ear is called a(n) __________ and plays a role in gathering sound waves (vibrations).

auricle

Sound waves are conducted through fluids of the _____________ in the inner ear.

cochlea

The sound waves are further conducted through the fluids of the ____________ in the inner ear.

cochlea

The __________ nerve functions for hearing.

cochlear

Sound intensity is measured in

decibels.

Sound loudness is measured in

decibels.

The vibrations are directed into the external acoustic meatus to the tympanic membrane, or ____________.

eardrum

The _______________________, also called the pharyngotympanic tube, connects the middle ear to the pharynx to equalize the ___________ in the outer and middle ear.

eustachian tube pressure

The ear is composed of outer, middle, and inner parts. The large _______________________ gathers sound waves of air and directs them into the _________________________ to the ___________________.

external auricle external acoustic meatus tympanic membrane

The __________ ear begins at the oval window, and on the other side, consists of a bony ______________ that is filled with a fluid called __________________, a fluid similar to cerebrospinal fluid, and includes the cochlea, semicircular canals, and vestibule.

inner labyrinth perilymph

The __________ is the middle ear bone that articulates with the tympanic membrane.

malleus

The inner ear also consists of tubes called the _________________ labyrinth that lines the bony labyrinth and is filled with ___________________, a similar fluid to intracellular fluid; the fluids are important in transmitting sound waves.

membranous endolymph

The ___________ ear consists of the air-filled chamber, called the ___________________, and ossicles called the __________________________________ that transmit sound vibrations to the oval window.

middle tympanic cavity malleus, incus, and stapes

The middle ear auditory ___________ are very small bones that conduct and amplify the waves from the eardrum to the oval window.

ossicles

The ___________ ear consists of the __________ that funnels sound waves, the external acoustic meatus, and the _________________ that vibrates like a drum when sound waves hit.

outer auricle tympanic membrane

To allow the same pressure in the outer and middle ear, the _________________________ connects the middle ear to the pharynx.

pharyngotympanic tube

Finally, some hair cells of the ______________ are stimulated.

spiral organ

Some hair cells of the ______________ are stimulated, initiating nerve impulses that eventually arrive at the primary auditory cortext of the temporal lobe where sensations of hearing are created.

spiral organ

The __________________ within the cochlear duct is a thick epithelium that is composed of ______________ that are stimulated by different frequences, allowing us to interpret different _______________.

spiral organ hair cells pitches

Hearing is interpreted in the _________ lobe of the cerebrum.

temporal

When nerve impulses arrive at the auditory cortex of the ____________ lobe of the cerebrum, the impulses are interpreted and the sensations of hearing are created.

temporal

The organ of equilibrium is the ________________, and the organ of hearing is called the _____________, which is a coiled snail-like tube; this structure converts sound waves to ______________________.

vestibule cochlea nerve impulses

As certain hair cells are stimulated, these receptors initiate nerve impulses to pass over the cochlear branch of the ______________________ nerve into the brain.

vestibulocochlear

Cranial nerve VIII, called the __________________________ nerve branches into the _______________ nerve that is involved in balance and the ___________ nerve that is involved in hearing.

vestibulocochlear vestibular cochlear