Comprehensive Exam prep
Which of the following findings is the best indication that fluid replacement for the client in hypovolemic shock is adequate? a) Urine output greater than 30ml/ hour. b) Systolic blood pressure greater than 110mm hg. c) Diastolic blood pressure greater than 90 mm hg. d) Respiratory rate of 20 breaths/ minutes.
a
Which of the following is common in clients with active tuberculosis? a) Weight loss b) Increased appetite c) Dyspnea on exertion d) Mental status changes
a
Which of the following nursing intervention takes priority for the patient having tonic clonic seizures a) Maintain a patent airway b) Time the duration of the seizure c) Note the origin of the seizure activity d) Restrain the after patient the seizure
a
patient with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) presents with dyspnea and an oxygen saturation of 88%. What amount of oxygen would the nurse expect to be ordered for this patient? a) 2L via nasal canula b) 6L via nasal canula c) 50% by face mask d) 100% by non-rebreather mask
a
what should the nurse do after making a chart error in the nurse notes? a) Draw a line through the error and write "error" and her initials above it. b) Obliterate the mistake with a black felt pen. c) Recopy the page of nurses notes and starts over. d) Report the incidents immediately to the head nurse.
a
which of the following nursing intervention takes priority for the patient having tonic clonic seizures. a) Maintain a patent airway. b) Time the duration of the seizure. c) Note the origin of the seizure activity. d) Restrain the after patient the seizure.
a
A 36 years old female clinet has been diagnosed with hemorrhoids. Which of the following factors in the clients history would most likely be a primary cause of her hemorrhoids? a) Her age. b) Three vaginal delivery pregnancies. c) Her job as a school teacher. d) Varicosities in her legs.
b
A 5 years old boy passed 10 loose stools in the last 24 hours and vomited ones in last 4 hours. He is irritable but drinking fluids. The optimal therapy for the child is: a) IV fluids b) ORS c) IV fluids initially for 4 hours followed by ORS d) Plain water
b
A client has a ureteral catheter in place after a renal surgery. A priority nursing action for care of the ureteral catheter would be to: a) Irrigate the catheter with 30ml of normal saline every 8 hours. b) Ensure that the catheter is draining freely. c) Clamp the catheter every 2 hours for 30 minutes. d) Ensure that the catheter drains at least 30ml/hour.
b
A health, 9 months old infants is brought to well-baby clinic for a check-up. When assessing the infants posterior fontanel, the healthcare give expects it to be a) Open b) Closed c) Sunken d) Bulging
b
A women with diabetic has just given birth. While performing an assessment on this neonate, the nurse is aware that the neonate is at risk for which of the following complications: a) Anemia b) Hypoglycemia c) Nitrogen loss d) Thrombosis
b
CFS normally contains: a) Glucose, albumin, red blood cells, white cells b) Albumin, globulin, white blood cells, glucose c) White blood cells, red blood cells, albumin, globulin d) Globulin, red blood cells, glucose, albumin
b
Head and chest circumference equal at a) 6 months b) 12 months c) 18 months d) 24 months
b
Highest score in Glasgow Coma Scale is: a) 10 b) 15 c) 20 d) 25
b
Masha is 3 years old girl with no significant history. She developed fever and blisters in the back and was diagnosed as having chickenpox. Her mother ask how she might have gotten the disease. What is the most appropriate reply? a) "Chickenpox is an expected childhood illness that everyone gets". b) "It is transmitted from direct contact droplet spread and contaminated objects". c) "Its transmitted through feco-oral route". d) "It is possibly as side effect of some medication."
b
Pentavalent vaccine includes: a) Diphtheria, Pertussis, Tetanus, Hepatitis A &Hib. b) Diphtheria, Pertussis, Tetanus, Hepatitis B &Hib. c) Diphtheria, Pertussis, Tetanus, Hepatitis B and MMR. d) Diphtheria, Pertussis, Hepatitis A & Measles
b
The average head circumference at birth is a) 28 cm b) 32 cm c) 36 cm d) 40 cm
b
The client is scheduled to have an upper gastrointestinal tract series of X-rays. Following the X-rays the nurse should instruct the client to: a) Take laxative b) Follow a clear liquid diet c) Administer an anemia d) Take an antiemetic
b
The most common cause of visual loss in people older that 60 years of age is: a) Macular degeneration b) Cataract c) Glaucoma d) Toxic conjunctivitis
b
The nurse considered the patient anuric if the patient: a) Voids during the night time hours. b) Has a urine output less than 100ml in 24 hours. c) Has a urine output of at least 100ml in 2 hours. d) Has pain and burning on urination.
b
The nurse is teaching the patient how to use a metered dose inhaler (MDI). Which of the following action indicates that he is using the MDI correctly? a) The head is tilted back ward while inhaling the medicine. b) Shake the inhaler immediately before use. c) Rinse the mouth with betadine mouth wash after use. d) Immediately remove the puff and exhale through mouth
b
The nurse teaches the clients how to instill nose drops. Which of the following techniques is correct? a) The client uses sterile technique when handling the dropper. b) The client blows the nose gently before instilling the drops. c) The client uses a new dropper for each instillation. d) The clients sits in a semi-fowler position with head tilted after administration of the drops.
b
The nurse was aware that it is important to moisturize her eyes as she is comatose and to keep them closed to prevent: a) Conjunctival hemorrhage b) Corneal abrasion c) Pupil dilation d) Retinal detachment
b
The primary source of data collection in the assessment phase of the nursing process is the: a) Chart b) Patient c) Doctor d) Family
b
Tiffany black is diagnosed with type A hepatitis. What special precaution should the nurse take when carinf for this patient? a) Put on a mask and gown before entering the patients rooms. b) Wear gloves and a gown when removing the patient's bedpan. c) Preventive the droplet spread of the organism. d) Use caution when bringing food to the patient.
b
Which are the symptoms suggestive of appendicitis: a) Anorexia, vomiting, pain in the abdomen. b) Persistent lower quadrant pain, abdominal tenderness, low grade fever. c) Diarrhea, vomiting, low grade fever. d) Persistent lower quadrant pain, diarrhea, vomiting.
b
Which of the following chronic complications is associated with DM? a) Dizziness, dyspnea on exertion and angina. b) Retinopathy, neuropathy and CAD. c) Leg ulcer, ischemic stroke and lung disease. d) Cardiac arrhythmias, muscles spasm and pulmonary infarction.
b
While examining a 1-day old baby, you touch the baby's check and the baby turns towards the stimulus and opens her mouth. This reflex is called: a) Moro reflex b) Rooting reflex c) Babinski reflex d) Sucking reflex
b
what is order of nursing process: a) Assessing, diagnosing, implementing, evaluating and planning. b) Assessing, diagnosing, planning, implementing, evaluating. c) Diagnosing, assessing, planning, implementing, evaluating. d) Assessing, diagnosing, implementing, planning and evaluating.
b
3 days old neonatal need phototherapy for hyperbilirubinemia. Nursery care of a neonate receiving phototherapy includes which of the following treatments: a) Tube feeding b) Mask over mouth c) Mask over the eyes d) Administrating IV infusions
c
A 7-month-old baby girl is brought to the casualty because of diarrhea and fever. When you do an assessment on this baby you find that she is mildly dehydrated. The mother asks you about breast feeding and you should recommend: a) Stop breast feeding until diarrhea stopped. b) Give oral rehydration solution alternating with breast feeding. c) Continue breast feeding and give oral rehydration solution. d) Stop breast feeding for 24 hours and give rehydration solution.
c
When selecting appropriate nursing intervention for a patient the nurse must remember that nursing intervention should be: a) Achievable with resources available to the nurse and patient. b) Carried out under the supervision of a doctor. c) Chosen disregarding the patient's values and believes d) Oriented primarily towards tasks and mechanical procedures.
a
When teaching the diabetic client about foot care, the nurse should instruct the client to do which of the following? a) Avoid going barefoot b) Buy shoes a half size larger c) Cut toe nails at angles d) Use heating pads for sore foot.
a
Which nursing intervention has been found to be the most effective means of preventing plantarflexion in a client who has had a stroke with a residual paralysis? a) Place the client feet against a firm foot board. b) Reposition the client every 2 hours. c) Have the client wear ankle high tennis shoes at intervals throughout the day. d) Massage the client's feet and ankles regularly.
a
Which of the following drugs is an antacid? a) Omeprazole (Prilosec) b) Metoclopramide (Reglan) c) Cimetidine (Tagamet) d) Magnesium Hydroxide (Maalox)
a
A client who had receives 25ml of packed red blood cells (PRBCs) has a low back pain and pruritic. After stopping the infusion, the nurse should take what action next? a) Administer prescribed antihistamine and aspirin. b) Collect blood and urine samples and send to the lab. c) Administer prescribed diuretics. d) Administer prescribed vasopressors.
a
A nurse compares a child's weight with standard growth chart and finds the child to be in the 50th percentile for weight. The nurse interprets these findings as: a) Average weight b) Overweight for the age c) Underweight for the age d) Abnormal weight for the age
a
Breast milk ejection is caused by: a) Oxytocin b) Oestrogen c) Prolactin d) Progesterone
a
Bronchiolitis is a) Acute inflammation and obstructive of the bronchioles. b) Airway obstructive from aspiration of foreign objects. c) Inflammation of the pulmonary parenchyma. d) Acute highly contagious condition of the lungs.
a
Confidentiality means: a) Information about the patient should not be shared with others. b) Accuracy or telling the truth all the time. c) Ability to answer one's own action. d) Ability to distinguish between right and wrong.
a
Intramuscular injection is given at a) 90 degrees b) 45 degrees c) 30 degrees d) 15 degrees
a
Nursing management of hemorrhoids includes which of the following intervention? a) Recommending high fiber diet b) Applying cold compression c) Applying astrigen lotion d) Elevating the buttocks
a
Once nurse assess the patient's condition and identifies appropriate nursing diagnoses then a: a) Plan is developed. b) Physical assessment begins c) List of priorities is determined d) Review of the assessment is condition with other health team members
a
The difference between hypospadias and epispadias is define by which of the following characteristics: a) Hypospadias is an abnormal opening on the ventral side of the penis, epispadias is an abnormal opening in the dorsal side. b) Hypospadias is an abnormal opening on the dorsal side of the penis, epispadias is an abnormal opening in the ventral side. c) Hypospadias is an abnormal defects seen in the penis, epispadias is an abnormal defects seen in the testis. d) Hypospadias is an abnormal defects seen in the testis, epispadias is an abnormal defects seen in the penis.
a
The doctor prescribes Digoxin (Lanoxin) for Moosa twice a day until therapeutic drug level is attained. When the nurse takes Moosa's apical pulse on the third day, his pulse is 52 beats/min, and he complains of nausea. The nurse should: a) Withhold the digoxin and notify the doctor. b) Withhold the digoxin and obtain a serum digoxin level. c) Administer the digoxin and medicate for nausea. d) Administer the digoxin and notify the doctor.
a
The nurse is preparing to teach a client with a peptic ulcer about the diet that should be followed after discharge. The nurse should explain that the diet will mostly consist of which of the following? a) Bland foods b) High-protein foods c) Any foods that are tolerated d) Large amount of milk
a
The nurse is providing nursing care to Aminath Fulhu. The nurse understands that direction of washing the eye should be from: a) Inner canthus to outer canthus b) lower canthus to upper canthus c) Outer canthus to inner canthus d) Upper canthus to lower canthus
a
The nursing role which is defined as protecting of human or legal rights and the securing of quality care for each patient is? a) Advocator b) Communicator c) Counsellor d) Leader
a
To administer the suppository the patient should be placed in a) Lateral position b) Fowlers position c) Prone position d) Supine position
a
When developing a discharge plan to manage the care of a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the nurse should advice the client to expect to: a) Develop respiratory infection easily. b) Maintain current status c) Require less supplement oxygen d) Show permanent improvement
a
When giving a back rub to a patient, the nurse should apply: a) Emollients b) Hydrogen peroxide c) Rubbing alcohol d) Zinc oxide
a
When performing a neonate assessment, which of the following findings indicates adequate hydration? a) Soft smooth skin b) A sunken fontanelle c) Frequently spitting up d) No urine output in the first 24 hours
a
A client is admitted to the hospital with diagnosis of renal calculi. The client is experiencing severe flank pain and nausea, the temperature is 100.6*F (38.1*C). which of the following would be a priority outcome for the client? a) Prevention of urinary tract complications b) Alleviation of nausea c) Alleviation of pain d) Maintenance of fluid and electrolyte balance
c
A mother ask to a nurse if children can tolerate pain better than adults. The nurse responds: a) Since infant do not talk, we do not know how much about that. b) No, because the immaturity of their central nervous system infants do not tolerate pain adults . c) Children's tolerance of pain actually increase with age. d) That depends on how well behaved is the child.
c
A patient on bed rest developed an unclear that is full thickness and is penetrating the subcutaneous tissue. The nurse documents that this unclear is in which of the following stages? a) Stage 1 b) Stage 2 c) Stage 3 d) Stage 4
c
A toddler is having tonic -clonic seizure. What should the nurse do first? a) Restrain the child b) Place a tongue blade in the child's mouth c) Remove the objects from the child's surroundings d) Check the child's breathing
c
Ali is admitted to the hospital for traction. The nurse explain to his mother that the purpose of traction is: a) To make the bone grow fastre b) To prepare the area for surgery c) To realign the bone fragment d) To prevent future fractures
c
During the first 24 hours after thrombolytic treatment for an ischemic stroke, the primary goal is to control the patients: a) Pulse b) Respiration c) Blood pressure d) Temperature
c
First dose of poliomyelitis vaccine is given at: a) 0 months b) 1 months c) 2 months d) 4 months
c
For a patient diagnosed as having an iron-deficiency anemia, the nurse should recommend an increased intake of : a) Fresh citrus fruits. b) Milk and cheese c) Meat d) Whole-grain breads.
c
Minimal interval between 2 doses of pentavalent vaccines is: a) 1 month b) 1 ½ month c) 2 months d) 2 and ½ months
c
Poliomyelitis is spread by: a) Droplet infection b) Through contaminated needles c) Faeco-oral route d) By mosquitoes
c
Small for date baby has weight below the ........ percentile for gestational age. a) 1st b) 5th c) 10th d) 20th
c
The nurse listens to Mr.Adam's lungs and notes a hissing or musical sound, such as air flowing through a narrow passage. The nurse documents hearing: a) Crackles b) Normal breath sound c) Wheeze d) Ronchi
c
The nurse teaches the client who had rectal surgery the proper timing for sitz baths. The nurse knows the client has understood the teaching when the client's states that is most important to take sitz bath: a) First thing in the morning. b) As needed for discomfort c) After a bowel movement. d) At bedtime.
c
When providing discharge instruction for umbilical cord care, which of the following instruction is given: a) The stump should fall off 1-2 days after birth. b) The stump should fall off 3-4 days after birth. c) The stump should fall off 7-10 days after birth. d) The stump should fall off 15-30 days after birth.
c
Which nutrients is most needed for wound healing a) Carbohydrates b) Fat c) Protein d) Vitamin
c
Which of the following conditions is the most significant risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus? a) Cigarette smoking b) High cholesterol diet c) Obesity d) Hypertension
c
Which of the following steps, it taken by the nurse after insertion of a nasogastric tube, could harm the patient a) Affix the nasogastric tube to the nose with tape. b) Check tube placement by aspirating stomach contents using a syringe. c) Check tube placement by instilling 100ml of water into the tube to check for stomach filling. d) Document in the chart the insertion, method used to check tube placement, and patients response to the procedures.
c
Which of the following symptoms indicate hypoglycemia? a) Polydipsia, polyuria and weight loss b) Weight gain, tiredness and bradycardia c) Irritability, diaphoresis and tachycardia d) Diarrhea, abdominal pain, weight loss
c
Which of the following terms refers to weakness of both legs and lower arms? a) Hemiplegia b) Paraparesis c) Quadriparas d) Paraplegia
c
Why it is important for the nurse to explain to the patient what she is about to do before taking blood pressure? a) Muscle tension interferes with sound transmission. b) Questions during the procedure distract the nurse c) Anxiety produce an elevation in blood pressure d) Opportunity is created to ask his normal pressure
c
one of the most dangerous of all post-operative complication is: a) Atelectasis b) Hypovolemia c) Pulmonary embolism d) Urinary tract infection
c
17- Foot drop is prevented by: a) Bed cradle b) Air rings c) Trochanter roll d) Foot rest
d
A client with peptic ulcer disease is taking ranitidine (Zantac). What is the expected outcome of this drug? a) Heal the ulcer b) Protect the ulcer surface from acids c) Reduce acid concentration d) Limit gastric acid secretion
d
A mother brings her 9 months old son to the pediatrician office. When you approach to measures the child's vital signs, he clings to his mother tightly and starts to cry. The mother says "he used to smile at everyone. I don't know why he's acting this way." Which response by you would help mother understand the child's behavior: a) "Children who behave that way are developing shy personalities." b) "children at this age begin to fear pain." c) "your baby's having temper tantrum, which is common at this age." d) " your baby's behavior indicates stranger anxiety; which is common to this age."
d
A neonate is born at 38 weeks of gestation. The mother ask what is the thick, white cheesy coating on his skin? Which of the following term is correct? a) Lanugo b) Milia c) Nervous flammeus d) Vernix
d
A new born baby of weight 4.2kg is considered as: a) Post maturity b) Small for gestational age c) Prematurity d) Large for gestational age
d
A nurse is providing wound care to the client 1 day after the client underwent an appendectomy. A drain was inserted into the incisional site during surgery. Which action shold the nurse perform when providing wound care? a) Remove the dressing and leave the incision open to air b) Remove the drain if wound drainage is minimal c) Gently irrigate the drain to remove exudate d) Clean the area around the drain moving away from the drain.
d
Ahmed, age 42 was admitted to the emergency department with substernal chest pain. He received nitroglycerin (Nitrostat) in the ambulance on his way to hospital. Cardiac enzyme levels were drawn and results are pending. Laboratory results shows the creatinine kinase (CK) level is elevated. The nurse should anticipate planning care for patient with a) Pulmonary embolism b) A ventricular embolism c) A myocardial infarction
d
All registered nurses may function in all of the following capacities, except: a) Participate in gathering data for nursing research. b) Provide health teaching at time of discharge from the hospital. c) Work in the operating room assisting the doctor. d) Write prescription foe common ailments.
d
Blood in faeces is found in: a) Cholera b) Gastroenteritis c) Diarrhea d) Dysentery
d
Dengue fever is spread by: a) Droplet infection b) Through contaminated needles c) Faeco-oral route d) By mosquitoes
d
Fathimath, a 60yrs old with angina pectoris and her daughter states "mamma is having chest pain" this statement is an example of: a) Objective data from a primary source b) Objective data from a secondary source c) Subjective data from a primary source d) Subject data from a secondary source
d
Hafeeza is started on ferrous sulfate orally three times a day. The nurse should instruct her to take the iron supplement with which of the following to enhance supplement absorption? a) Vitamin D b) Aluminium hydroxide gel c) Pyridoxine d) Ascorbic
d
How much urine does adult excrete daily: a) About 500 ml b) About 700 ml c) About 1000 ml d) About 1500 ml
d
In babies, MMR vaccine is given: a) After 9 months b) After 12 months c) After 15 months d) After 18 months
d
Nurses agree to be advocates for their patients. Practice of advocacy calls for the nurse to: a) Seek out the nursing supervisor in conflicting situations. b) Work to understand the law as it applies to the patient's clinical condition. c) Assess the patients point of view and prepare to articulate this point of view. d) Document all clinical changes in the medical record in a timely manner.
d
Pain due to peptic ulcer usually develops: a) Immediately before meals. b) While eating or drinking. c) Immediately after eating. d) Two to three hours after eating.
d
The doctor has ordered a medication that is highly irritating to the skin to be given I.M. The nurse uses IM Injection method that prevents leakage of the medication into the subcutaneous tissues. This method is known as: a) Deltoid injection b) Intraosseous c) X- track d) Z- track
d
The nurse assess the patient with left long leg cast and notices the toes on the left foot are edematous. What would be the first action she would take? a) Warm the toes by placing a sock on the foot. b) Massage the toes c) Notify the doctor. d) Elevate the left leg
d
The nurse explains the client the importance of drinking large quantities of fluid to prevent cystitis. The nurse should tell the client to drink: a) Twice as much fluid as usual. b) At least 1 quart more than usual. c) A lot of water, juice and other fluids throughout the day. d) At least 3000ml of fluids daily.
d
The parents of the 10 years old child recently diagnosed with asthma ask if the child can continue to play sports. Which of the following response is most appropriate? a) Sports can cause asthma attacks b) You should limit activities to quit play c) Its ok to play some sports by swimming isn't recommended d) Physical activity and sports are encouraged provided by the asthma is under control
d
The priority nursing diagnosis for the patient with cardiomyopathy is: a) Anxiety related to risk of declining health status. b) Ineffective individuals coping related to fear of debilitating illness. c) Fluid volume excess related to altered compensatory mechanisms. d) Decreased cardiac output related to reduced myocardial contractility.
d
When planning diet teaching for the client with a colostomy, the nurse should develop the plan that emphasizes which of the following dietary instructions? a) Foods containing roughage should not be eaten. b) Liquids are best limited to prevent diarrhea. c) Client should experiment to find the diet that is best for them. d) A high-fiber diet will form a regular-passage of stools
d
Which of the following is the most common initial manifestation of acute renal failure? a) Dysuria b) Anuria c) Hematuria d) Oliguria
d
Which of the following nursing assessment findings indicates hypovolemic shock in a client who has had a 15% blood loss? a) Pulse rate less than 60 bmp. b) Respiratory rate of 4 breaths/ minutes. c) Pupils unequally dilated. d) Systolic blood pressure less that 90mm Hg.
d
Which of the following physical assessment findings are normal for a client with advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)? a) Increased anteroposterior chest diameter. b) Underdeveloped neck muscles. c) Collapsed neck veins. d) Increased chest excursions with respiration.
d
While assessing a patient who complained of lower abdominal pressure, the nurse notes a firm mass extending above the symphysis pubic. The nurse suspects: a) A urinary tract infection b) Renal calculi c) An enlarged kidney d) A distended bladder
d
