Construction Test 1

Open bidding is required on public projects because....?

They are funded by taxpayer's dollars

Who determines what method of delivery is used on a project?

Owner

Design-Build

Owner contracts with the design/build entity =responsible for the design and construction of project Benefits:ability to fast-track, early contractor involvement, single point of contract -designer & contractor partnership -Full service d/B firm -Joint Venture

Different types of selection Criteria (3)

Price only Qualifications Only Qualifications & Price

Pre-Qualification

Process in which an owner, based upon minimum financial, management, and other qualitative data, determines whether a construction firm is fundamentally qualified to compete for a certain project.

Indemnification

Provisions in a contract that provide protection against possible financial loss, damage, or liability

The Cost/Influence Curve

(will probably have to draw) Bringing in construction professionals at the earliest planning stages of a project saves money in the long run and usually means that the project will be delivered earlier with fewer conflicts and higher quality.

Construction Management Types

*Agency CM* (NOT A DELIVERY METHOD): Fee based service in which the construction manager is responsible exclusively to the owner and acts in the owner's best interests at every stage in the process. CM does not perform any of the actual construction.

Secondary Players

*First-Level Players:* subcontractors, material suppliers, and equipment vendors. directly influences outcome of job. *Second-level players* insurance co's, utility co's, bonding co's, building code officials, zoning, labor unions, and manufacturers. NO connection or obligation to any of the 3 primary parties. *Third-Level Players:* Courts, attorneys, local gov, state/fed gov, trade associations, education and training, bankers, etc. Influences const projects on a regular basis.

Characteristics of Construction Industry (5)

*Residential*: Housing (apartments, condos, prefab, etc) Building materials: wood products *Commercial:* Makes up 1/3 of total construction market (40% labor, 40% materials by cost) Building materials: steel, concrete, glass *Heavy Civil:* Roadways, bridges, tunnels, airports, railways. Equipment & operators play major role Building materials: asphalt, gravel, concrete, sand, dirt Publicly funded projects last a long time *Industrial:* Highly specialized, engineering experts. Very basic exterior design. Installation of equipment is main piece of construction. Building materials: Steel, concrete, reinforced concrete masonry, and specialized equipment *Environmental:* projects that improve the environment, maintain public health, and contribute to a community's quality of life. Earth moving, trenching, pipe laying, excavation... Materials: pumps, valves, filters, membranes, and aerators are required

Which of the following is NOT a project delivery method?

Agency CM

Primary Delivery Methods for construction

-Design-bid-build -Design-Build CM-AT Risk

Primary Contract Types (4)

-Lump-Sum -Cost-plus-fee -Guaranteed maximum price -Unit-Price Contracts

Types of construction industries (5)

-Residential -Commercial -Heavy Civil -Industrial -Environmental

What is in the project manual

-Second part of the contract documents (referred to as the specs) -Provides written instruction to the builder Typically has 4 primary selections: 1.Bidding docs 2.General conditions 3.Supplimental conditions 4. Technical specs

How a contractor makes a bid decision

.

Primary Players in Construction

1. Owners 2. Design Professionals 3. Construction Professionals 4. Secondary Professionals

Design professionals

2 Types: Architects Engineers Responsibilities: 1) Assist owner to determine end user needs. 2) advise the owner regarding image and character of facility 3) assist owner in selecting products to fit budget 4) advise owner on special and aesthetic issues 5) develop final building plansP, const details, and specs

How many standard divisions are in the CSI Master Format 2004?

49

*CM-At-Risk*

: GC provides both pre-const services and const services. CM commits to deliver the project with a GMP (guaranteed max price) a. Benefits: CM is involved early in the design process

Guaranteed Maximum Price

: Popular in design-build delivery. Owner pays cost-plus-fee, but only up to the GMP. Const can start earlier since a price can be guaranteed before plans are 100% complete

Addendum

A change or addition to the contract documents issued after the document have been released but before the bids are due.

What is an addendum

A change or addition to the contract documents issued after the document have been released but before the bids are due.

Open Bid

A competitive bidding requirement for all public projects. An open bid is one that is advertised publicly and allows any qualified contractor to submit a bid on the project.

Net Zero Energy

Amount of energy consumed is equal to the amount of renewable energy created on the site

Value Engineering

A process in which various alt. Approaches are evaluated and considered regarding design, product selection, or building system in an effort to provide the most efficient, cost-effective solution possible relative to value in response to the desires of owner.

Responsive bid

A proposal that meets all the criteria asked for, being on time, ETC

Program

A written statement that identifies and describes an owner or end users needs and requirements for a facility. Every design starts with a program!

Owners

Accountable for: 1.developing the program & outlining the needs and requirements of end users 2) Determine quantity, extent, and character of the project = define scope 3) Creating overall budget 4. Providing funding/making payments

3. Which best describes the weighted criteria evaluation process?

Award the project based on high total points for qualitative and price components

Qualifications and Price Criteria

Best-value selection method Solicited by request for proposalSolicited by request for proposal Design-Build Weighted Chart

Bid Tally

Bids are announced and recorded on a bid tabulation sheet.

6 Factors that must be controlled to ensure a successful project

Can Time Quickly Save Spencer Fun? 1. Cost 2. Time 3. Quality 4. Safety 5. Scope 6. Function

What is the name of the stone carvings dating back to the pyramids that contained the first written regulations pertaining to construction, commonly referred to as the first known building code?

Code of Hammurabi

Which of the following is NOT a section of the project manual?

Contract Documents

Which is not a part of the three-legged stool of construction?

Cost Quality Time *Efficiency*

Identify the correct pairing of the most common procurement method and selection criteria:

Design-bid-build and low bid selection

What is the name of the weekly magazine dedicated solely to the construction industry?

Engineering News Record (ENR)

Due Diligence

Identifying any problems or areas of concern that exist so that those problems can be factored into the decision making in pre-construction stage. Site investigation Soil testing & engineering

Constructibility

Its primary aim is to gauge and determine the collective knowledge and experience between the project consultants, contractors, architects/designers and client, in an effort to maximize efficiency, minimize waste, and complete construction projects on or ahead of schedule.

What does LEED stand for?

Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design

Which are the factors that are commonly considered before deciding to bid on a construction job?

Location of project, size of job, and who the architect/owner is

6 Factors or considerations a contractor could use in making a bid/no bid decision

Location or project Size of job Who the architect/owner is Type of project Technical aspects of job Is it a high-profile project?

Different types of selection Criteria (3)

Low Bid Selection Qualification Selection Best-Value Selection

What is the most common type of contract

Lump-Sum

Integrated project delivery

More under Design-Build integrates people, systems, business structures, and practices into a process that collaboratively harnesses the talents and insights of all participants to optimize project results, increase value to the owner, reduce waste, and maximize efficiency

Lump-Sum

Most common type of contract. Complete work for a single, lump-sum fee. Contract assumes plans and specs are accurate. Errors in the contract result in change orders

Which of the following would you expect to find in the general conditions?

Owners Responsibilities

What is lean construction?

Philosophy that focuses on adding value with less work and the elimination of waste in the building process.

4 Design Stages

Planning Design Construction Start up operations & Maintenance

Construction Professionals

Responsible for all construction activities: ( interpret plans, prepare cost estimates, time schedules, implement best const practices, means, and methods, oversee all const operations)

Narrowing the field of offers through the selection of the most qualified proposers on the basis of qualifications is known as:

Shortlisting

What is the best description of design/build construction?

The owner contracts with a design/build entity, which is responsible for the project.

Notice to Proceed

The owner's official notification to the contractor to start work on the project. The contractor may or may not begin on the exact day of the notice but is authorized to proceed in whatever manner deemed appropriate.

Cost-plus-fee

Time and materials contract. Owner reimburses contractor for the labor and material costs + a fixed fee or % of cost. Used when scope is hard to define. Cost risk to owner, profit guaranteed for contractor!

What is the role of the owner on a construction project?

To develop the program for the building, define the scope of the project, create the budget, and provide the funding for the project.

Design-bid build Process

Traditional method. Owner hires architect, Owner selects the GC, GC selects subcontractors. -linear structure, no contractor involvement during design -Owner warrants contract documents

Qualifications only criteria

Used qualification based selection & solicited by request for qualifications -price not factored in -used for agency CM, CM at risk, and design build -Based on reputation and past performance

Unit-Price Contracts

Used when work cant be measured beforehand. Common for heavy civil and highway jobs. Contractors apply a unit price to each bid item x quantities estimated by engineers

CM as a function

planning, scheduling, construction

Scope of work

the parameters defining the overall extent of work to be included in a construction contract. The project scope is communicated through const plans & written specs.