Consumer Practice 2

Which of the following is considered a symbol that has varying meaning across cultures? colors animals numbers music All of these choices are correct.

All of these choices are correct.

Which culture has traditionally valued the wisdom that comes with age? American Australian British European Asian

Asian

Which of the following statements is false regarding youth and age? Mature spokespersons would tend to be more successful in Asian cultures because they have traditionally valued the wisdom that comes with age. Arab countries are becoming increasingly youth-oriented. American society is youth-oriented. Children in all countries have a significant influence on purchases. China's policy of limiting families to one child has produced a strong focus on the child.

Children in all countries have a significant influence on purchases.

In which country is the concept of guanxi, which involves personal relationships, an important consideration? the United States Canada China India Saudi Arabia

China

In the United States, promptness is considered a virtue. Americans are expected to be on time to an event, and they expect others to do so as well. Which aspect of culture best explains this behavior? Culture is a simple concept. Culture is something one is born with. Culture is unique to each individual in a society. Culture is time-bound. Culture is acquired, that is, it is learned.

Culture is acquired, that is, it is learned.

Which of the following statements is true regarding culture? Culture is a relatively simple concept. Culture is acquired. Culture often provides detailed prescriptions for appropriate behavior. The nature of cultural influences is such that we are consciously aware of them. All of these choices are correct.

Culture is acquired.

__________ refers to the physical location of individuals in terms of geographic region and rural, suburban, and urban location. Size Structure Distribution Dispersion Concentration

Distribution

Which country has the largest percentage of its citizens older than 60 years of age? Philippines Canada the United States Japan Saudi Arabia

Japan

__________ are the arbitrary meanings a culture assigns actions, events, and things other than words. Nonverbal communication systems Values Subcultures Semiotics Perspectives

Nonverbal communication systems

__________ is based on the cost of a standard market basket of products bought in each country. Adjusted gross income (AGI) Gross domestic product (GDP) Per capita income (PCI) Purchasing power parity (PPP) Cross-cultural purchasing power (CPP)

Purchasing power parity (PPP)

Which of the following is false regarding trends in the global youth market? Technology is mainstream and not restricted to developed countries. U.S. brands are currently the leaders among global teens. U.S. teens no longer lead the way in global trends. Both Technology is mainstream and not restricted to developed countries. and U.S. brands are currently the leaders among global teens. are false Both U.S. brands are currently the leaders among global teens. and U.S. teens no longer lead the way in global trends. are false

U.S. brands are currently the leaders among global teens.

Which one of these factors is not true regarding globalization? Standardized marketing can offer a cost savings. Uniformity is always possible. Values and demographics require adapting to cultural differences. An ad that appeals to some countries might be inappropriate in others. All of these factors are true.

Uniformity is always possible.

Which of the following statements is false regarding cross-cultural marketing? Marketing across cultural boundaries is a difficult and challenging task. Increasingly, globalization means mutual influence as products, brands, cultures, and values move back and forth across the world. There are both subtle and direct ethical issues involved in international marketing. While marketing strategy is heavily influenced by cultural factors, it does not influence aspects of cultures. Cultures may differ in demographics, languages, nonverbal communications, and values.

While marketing strategy is heavily influenced by cultural factors, it does not influence aspects of cultures.

Which of the following statements regarding the masculine/feminine value is false? Basically, we live in a masculine-oriented world. The roles of women are changing and expanding throughout much of the world. Women in South Korea frequently participate more in sports and exercise than men. Many Japanese women feel guilty preparing frozen vegetables in a microwave rather than preparing fresh vegetables. Traditional and modern segments with regard to this value exist simultaneously in many cultures, so marketers must adapt not only across but within cultures.

Women in South Korea frequently participate more in sports and exercise than men.

The fact that Americans are prone to engage in physical activities and to take an action-oriented approach to problems can be explained through which self-oriented value dichotomy? sensual gratification/abstinence competitive/cooperative diversity/uniformity active/passive age/youth

active/passive

Marketers that wish to expand internationally need to understand a culture's widely held beliefs that affirm what is desirable. To do this, marketers should study laws. religions. cultural values. sanctions. edicts.

cultural values.

Dale has to write a research report about Poland in his International Marketing class. One aspect he must learn about the country is its size, structure, and distribution. What does this represent? psychographics geography demographics economics lifestyles

demographics

Which of the following is not a factor that creates problems in literal translations and slang expressions? differences in the direction in which written words are read symbolic meanings associated with words absence of some words from various languages difficulty of pronouncing certain words All of these choices are factors that create problems in literal translations and slang expressions.

differences in the direction in which written words are read

The United States is comprised of a culture that accepts a wide array of personal behaviors and attitudes, foods, dress, and other products and services. Thus, the United States values uniformity. collectivism. power. diversity. cooperation.

diversity.

Sam has learned that a country to which his company desires to expand places a high value on cleanliness and admires nature immensely. Which category of cultural values does this represent? other-oriented self-oriented environment-oriented externally-oriented internally-oriented

environment-oriented

Charmaine is a member of a junior miss organization that teaches young women how to behave in various social situations. She is learning manners, how to carry herself, and appropriate attire for specific situations. Charmaine is learning culture. time symbolism. symbolism. etiquette. verbal language.

etiquette.

In Japan, the exchange of meishi is the most basic of social rituals in a nation where social ritual matters very much. The act of exchanging meishi is weighted with meaning. Once the social minuet is completed, the two know where they stand in relation to each other and their respective statures within the hierarchy of corporate or government bureaucracy. What is "meishi"? shaking hands exchange of business cards introductions by a third party formal invitation bows

exchange of business cards

Trademarks for the most part need to be established on a country-by-country basis. can be established globally. were a legal concern in the past but with the rise of globalization are no longer an issue. represent an aspect power-distance in global marketing efforts. All of these choices are correct.

for the most part need to be established on a country-by-country basis.

Which one of the four segments of world citizens feels positively about international brands, values their symbolic aspects, and is less concerned about corporate responsibility? global citizens global dreamers antiglobals global agnostics global trendsetters

global dreamers

Which of the following is an example of an other-oriented value? problem solving/fatalistic postponed gratification/immediate gratification religious/secular individual/collective risk taking/security

individual/collective

Jake is in the market for a new car. He's looking at brands such as Mercedes, Lexus, and BMW because he feels they tell other people that he's successful in life. This is an illustration of which value? collectivism youth masculine individualism active

individualism

James used his birthday money to buy a skateboard so that he can be out with his friends at the park skateboarding. Which type of materialism does this represent? primary secondary terminal instrumental means-end

instrumental

Which type of materialism is the acquisition of things to enable one to do something? primary secondary terminal means-end instrumental

instrumental

What is the largest single influence on the movement toward uniformity in the global youth market? mass media education work travel religion

mass media

Ralph is very prompt. If he says he will be there at 10:00 a.m., he will be there exactly at that time. Furthermore, he will not begin another task until he is completely done with the one he is currently working on. Which time perspective does Ralph have? polychronic monochronic linear parallel priority

monochronic

Howard Industries is a computer manufacturer located in Laurel, MS. This company is interested in expanding internationally. Which of the following is a cultural factor that affects consumer behavior and marketing strategy that Howard Industries needs to be aware of? nonverbal communications natural resources economic conditions exchange rates All of these choices are correct.

nonverbal communications

Nicholas is examining how people in India perceive time, space, symbols, relationships, agreements, things, and etiquette. He is interested in these factors because they influence language. demographics. nonverbal communications. values. laws.

nonverbal communications.

Karen's father is an executive for a major international corporation and has been transferred to various countries over the years. With each move, Karen is enrolled in a new school. Even though English is spoken in the schools she attends, there are students from all over the world whose parents have jobs similar to Karen's father. With each new school, Karen spends the first few weeks merely observing the other students to learn which behaviors are appropriate in specific situations because she's learned that at each school the kids behave differently. Karen is attempting to learn that student body's specific __________ regarding behavior. rules guidelines precepts norms prescriptions

norms

The boundaries that culture sets on behavior are called rules. norms. prescriptions. precepts. sanctions.

norms

Asian societies (i.e., Japan) value collective activity. That is, consumers look toward others for guidance in purchase decisions and do not respond favorably to promotional appeals focusing on individualism. Which category of cultural values does this represent? internally-oriented environment-oriented other-oriented self-oriented group-oriented

other-oriented

What are the two major ways time varies between cultures? primary and secondary work and leisure family and personal monochronic and polychronic perspective and interpretation

perspective and interpretation

Jose is from Brazil and is currently enrolled in an MBA program at a U.S. university. He routinely comes to class 30-60 minutes late and does not turn in assignments by the deadline. One of his professors pulled him aside and asked him why he's always late for class and turns his work in late. Jose was surprised that his professor was bothered by this as this behavior is entirely acceptable in Brazil. In fact, it's expected. Which of the following best describes Jose's time perspective? spontaneous parallel monochronic polychronic variable

polychronic

In Germany, one concern retailers have is ensuring that cash drawers have enough money to make change when consumers make purchases. One company went so far as to use a computerized model that monitored the weight of the cash drawer and signaled a need for replenishment. This is such a concern because consumers typically use cash to make purchases, which differs from other countries, such as the United States, where credit card use is more common. Which cultural value does this illustrate? hard work/leisure competitive/cooperative material/nonmaterial postponed gratification/immediate gratification sensual gratification/abstinence

postponed gratification/immediate gratification

Which of the following is an example of a self-oriented value? religious/secular individual/collective risk taking/security tradition/change diversity/uniformity

religious/secular

Which value has a strong influence on entrepreneurship and economic development as well as new-product acceptance? individual/collective competitive/cooperative tradition/change risk taking/security masculine/feminine

risk taking/security

Which value relates to tolerance for ambiguity and uncertainty avoidance? youth/age risk taking/security individual/collective masculine/feminine diversity/uniformity

risk taking/security

Robert is 15 years old and has recently moved to a new town, and therefore, a new high school. He was trying to get accepted by a group of kids that he wanted to be friends with. When they asked him to attend a party over the weekend, he said he'd have to ask his parents for permission. This group of students laughed at him and called him a "momma's boy" and told him he can't be one of them because they don't ask parents for permission, they just do what they want. This social disapproval of Robert's behavior is an example of a(n) norm. violation. sanction. precept. edict.

sanction

With respect to demographics, which of the following refers to the number of individuals in a society? distribution size structure dispersion concentration

size

The population of the United States is over 320 million people. With respect to demographics, this number represents size. structure. dispersion. density. concentration.

size.

Using one marketing strategy across various cultures is referred to as standardization. optimization. cross-culturalization. marketing imperialism. cross-fertilization.

standardization.

John and his wife love art and travel the world to purchase artwork that is representative of a country's culture. Which type of materialism does this represent? terminal instrumental cultural primary secondary

terminal

Before a marketer can successfully launch a brand in a foreign country, several nonverbal communication factors need to be understood. One of these factors is time, and international marketers must understand a culture's overall orientation toward time. This is known as a culture's time meaning. time interpretation. time perspective. time relationship. time symbolism

time perspective.

Which of the following is an example of an environment-oriented value? active/passive tradition/change extended/limited family masculine/feminine material/nonmaterial

tradition/change

Which of the following is not an example of an other-oriented value? youth/age extended/limited family tradition/change masculine/feminine diversity/uniformity

tradition/change

Which of the following is not a factor influencing nonverbal communications? etiquette time relationships values things

values