CPR
Care for the responsive choking adult or child consists of cycles of which of the following?
-Back Blows -Abdominal Thrusts
If you are giving care to a responsive choking person who is pregnant, which of the following should you give in addition to back blows?
-Chest Thrust
Chest compressions
-Position the person: Ensure the person is on their back on a firm, flat surface -Body placement: Kneel beside the person with you knees near the persons body and spread about shoulder width apart. -Hand placement: Place the heel of one hand in the center of the persons chest, with your other hadn't on top. interlace your fingers and make sure the fingers are off the chest. -Body position: Position your body so that your shoulders are directly over your hands and lock your elbows to keep your arm straight. -Compression Rate and Depth: Keeping your arms straight, use your body weight to compress the center of the chest to a depth of at least 2 inches and a rate of between 100 and 120 compressions per minute, or one about every half second. After each compression, Let the chest return to its normal position.
Caring for an unresponsive choking infant
-Use the encircling thumbs technique when giving 30 compressions to an unresponsive choking infant. -If you see an object in the infant's mouth, use your pinky instead of a larger finger to do a finger sweep.
When giving chest compressions to an infant, the rate is the same as for a child and an adult. However, what is the correct compression depth to use?
About 1 1/2 inches
When giving chest compressions to a child, the rate is the same as for an adult. However, what is the correct compression depth to use?
About 2 inches
When using the encircling thumbs technique to give compressions to an infant, you would position your hands in which of the following ways?
Both thumbs placed side-by-side on the center of the infant's chest; other fingers encircle the infant's chest, toward the back
Assist the person with their medication. For some sudden illnesses, you can assist the person with their medications. To assist the person with their medication:
Explain to the person or family member what you are going to do. Offer to get their medication. Ask them to confirm that you have the right medication. Assemble the medication device, if necessary. Give them the medication to self-administer.
What mnemonic can help you easily recognize the common signs of stroke and give EMS professionals crucial life-saving information?
FAST
When giving back blows to an infant, in what position should you hold them?
Face down along your forearm
When drowning is the suspected cause of cardiac arrest, what should the responder do first?
Give 2 breaths
If the responsive choking person becomes unresponsive, what care should you give?
Give CPR (give compressions, look for object, give breaths)
Bleeding in an adult is considered life-threatening if the amount of blood present equals at least which of the following?
Half a can of soda
Examples of life-threatening sudden illnesses include:
Heart attack Asthma attack Anaphylaxis Diabetic emergency Seizures Shock Opioid overdose Stroke High fever in young children and infants Vomiting, diarrhea and dehydration in young children and infants
Breaths:
Last about 1 second; chest begins to rise
When giving breaths to an infant, use the head-tilt/chin-lift technique to open the infant's airway to which position?
Neutral position
AED placement on adult
One AED pad must be placed on the upper right side of the person's chest and one must be placed on the lower left side of the person's chest.
When placing pediatric AED pads on an infant, you should use which of the following pad placements?
One pad in the middle of the chest and the other on the back, between the shoulder blades
When to use pediatric AED pads
Pediatric AED pads should never be used on anyone over 8 years of age or weighing more than 55 pounds (25 kilograms).
When giving chest compressions, the goal is to do which of the following?
Push hard and fast
Chest position between compression
Returns to normal position
Life-threatening bleeding is characterized by which of the following?
Spurting Flowing Continuously
Minimize necessary interruptions to
less than 10 seconds
How to know if an infant is choking
making high-pitched noises or who is unable to cry or cough forcefully has a blocked airway and will soon become unresponsive unless the airway is cleared.
What should you do before giving breaths to an unresponsive choking person?
open the mouth and look for an object
When giving breaths to a child, use the head-tilt/chin-lift technique to open the child's airway to which position?
past neutral position
Continue giving CPR cycles until:
-You notice an obvious sign of life, like breathing. -An AED is ready. -Another trained responder is available to take over compressions. -EMS personnel arrive and begin their care of the person. -You are alone and too tired to continue. -The scene becomes unsafe.
Breaths with a face shield
1. First, place the face shield over the persons face, ensuring the one-way valve is over their mouth. 2. Open the airway to a past-neutral position using the head-tilt/ chin-lift technique. 3. Pinch the nose shut, take a normal breath and make a complete seat over the persons mouth 4. Blow into their mouth for about 1 second, while looking to see that the chest begins to rise 5. Allow the person's chest to fall and the air to exit while you take another breath, make a seal and give a second breath
Going back blows to an infant
1. Place the infants back along your forearm 2 place your other forearm on the infants from, supporting the infants jaws with your thumb and fingers 3. Turn the infant to a face-down position and hold them along your forearm using your thigh for support and keeping the infants head lower than their body 5. Use the heel of your hand to give 5 firm back blows between the infants shoulder blades. Each back blow should be separate from the others
Breaths with a pocket mask:
1. Place the mask over the person's nose and mouth; it should not go past the chin. 2.Seal the mask to the face with your hands 3. Lift the person's face into the mask and open the airway to a past-neutral position. 4. Maintain a good seal. 5. Take a normal breath and make a complete seal over the mask valve with your mouth. 6. Blow into the one-way valve for about 1 second, while looking to see that the chest begins to rise. 7. Allow the person's chest to fall and the air to exit while you take another breath, make a seal and give a second breath.
Giving chest thrust to an infant
1. Position the infant between your forearms, support the head and neck, and turn the infant face-up. 2. Lower the infant onto your thigh with their head lower than their chest. 3. Place two fingers in the center of the infant's chest, just below the nipple line. 4. Give 5 quick chest thrusts about 1 ½ inches deep. Each chest thrust should be separate from the others. 5. Let the chest return to its normal position between each chest thrust, keeping your fingers in contact with the chest.
General steps to using an AED include:
1. Turn on AED 2. Remove clothing covering the chest and wipe chest dry in necessary 3. Place pads correctly ( Upper right and lower left) 4. Plug the pad connector cable into the AED if necessary 5.Clear everyone from touching the person while AED Analyzes the heart rhythm 6 Clear everyone from touching the person if a shock is advised 7. Push the shock button to deliver a shock 8. After the shock is delivered, immediately start CPR beginning with compressions.
One handed CPR technique
1. only use with a small child 2. Only use is you can compress deep enough 3. Use one hand instead of two 4. Place the heel of one hand in the center of the chest 5. Compress the center of the chest about 2 inches
Compression rate for a child
100 to 120 per minute
Compression Rate
100-120 per minute
CPR Cycles
30 Compressions: Push hard and fast at a rate of 100 to 120 compressions per minute and a depth of at least 2 inches. Allow the chest to return to a normal positionbetween each compression. 2 Breaths: Each breath should last about 1 second and make the chest begin to rise. Pause between the breaths to allow the person's chest to fall and the air to exit.
Care for a responsive choking infant
5 back blows 5 chest thrusts
What are the first things to do if you suspect someone is going into cardiac arrest
Calling 9-1-1 or the designated emergency number, starting CPR immediately and using an AED as soon as possible gives the person the best chance for survival.
When choosing the correct AED pads to use for a child, you know it is never ok to use pediatric AED pads for which of the following?
Children older than 8 years of age and/or weighing more than 55 pounds (25 kg)
Signs and symptoms of sudden illness vary widely, depending on the cause of the illness and may include:
Trouble breathing. Pain, such as chest pain, abdominal pain or a headache. Changes in level of responsiveness, such as being confused or unaware of one's surroundings, or becoming unresponsive. Extreme fatigue. Light-headedness or dizziness. Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea or stomach cramps. A fever. Pale, ashen (gray) or very flushed skin, which may be excessively sweaty or dry, or excessively hot or cold. Problems seeing or speaking (e.g., blurred vision or slurred speech). Numbness, weakness or paralysis. Seizures.
What are two key differences when giving care to an unresponsive choking infant compared to an unresponsive choking adult or child?
Use encircling thumbs CPR technique Use a
Compression Depth
at least 2 inches
Care for the responsive choking infant consists of cycles of which of the following?
back blows chest thrust
Emergency action steps
the scene for safety and check the person. call 9-1-1 and get equipment or tell someone to do so if the person is experiencing a life-threatening sudden illness. according to the condition found and your level of training.
When to switch if more than one responder is available and trainer in CPR
whenever the original responder giving compressions indicates that they are tiring or after every five cycles of CPR (about every 2 minutes).
