Dairy Guided Notes and Vocabulary

Why is whipped butter not recommended for baking?

Added air from whipping changes the density.

Describe how buttermilk is made.

Buttermilk is made when special bacteria are added to pasteurized nonfat milk to produce the flavor and texture. Sometimes flecks of butter are added for flavor or visual appeal.

What is cheese?

Cheese is a concentrated form of milk.

What is fresh cheese? Name four types.

Fresh cheese is cheese that has not ripened or aged. Cottage cheese Farmers cheese Cream cheese Ricotta

Explain the difference between good mold and bad mold.

Good mold: specific and controlled mold added to blue cheese to give flavor. Bad mold: all other molds that grow uncontrolled on cheese.

List the five types of cream and their levels of milk fat.

Half and Half - 10 ½ to 18% Light, coffee, or table cream - 18 to 30% light whipping cream - 30 to 36% heavy whipping cream - over 36% sour cream - 18%

Describe the flavor of grade AA butter.

Has a delicate, sweet flavor and smooth creamy texture.

Describe pasteurization.

Heat treated to kill enzymes and harmful bacteria,

Why is milk homogenized?

It breaks down fat and distributes it in the milk, evenly and permanently.

Why should milk be stored away from light?

Light destroys the riboflavin.

Name three dairy substitutes.

Margarine Soy milk Soy cheese Non dairy creamer Whipped toppings

What are some problems that can arise when cooking with cheese? How can you avoid such problems?

Problems when cooking with cheese: If you cook cheese for too long or use a temperature that's too high, the cheese will become tough and rubbery. If fat separates into globules of grease, food will have an unappetizing appearance. You can avoid these problems by: Cheese should be cooked just until it melts. Cut cheese into small pieces or grate it to reduce cooking time.

four nutrients found in dairy foods.

Protein, calcium, vitamin A vitamin B

Describe scalded milk.

Scalded milk is milk heated just below the boiling point.

Describe the process that creates ripened cheese. List four groups of ripened cheese.

The process of ripened cheese is made by adding ripened agents, such as bacteria, mold, yeast, or a combination of these, to the curds.

Name eight different kinds of milk.

Whole Milk Reduced Fat Milk Low Fat Milk Non Fat Milk Buttermilk Nonfat Dry Milk Evaporated Milk Sweetened

What is yogurt?

Yogurt is the thing made by adding special harmless bacteria to milk. The result is a thick, creamy product that is like custard and has a tangy flavor.

How do you keep milk from curdling when adding it to a hot liquid?

by using a method called tempering.