DAS

Packaging Information

Binds Content Information and Preservation Description Information into an AIP (Directory paths, file names, METS, etc.)

de jure

By right or rightful claim/entitlement

Virus scan

Can include a quarantine period

Administration

Central hub for internal and external interactions Oversees other five services Interfaces with producers, consumers, and management

Semantic Information

Clarifies the meaning or appropriate interpretation of the Content Data Object

Content Information

Composed of Content Data Object and Representation Information

Forensic Toolkit

Computer forensics software that can scan a hard drive for things like deleted files, PII, and malware

CCSDS

Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems

Content of AIP

Content Information Preservation Descriptive Information Packaging Information

DANS

Data Archiving and Network Services

DSA

Data Seal of Approval

Structure Information

Describes the format of the digital object

DACS

Describing Archives a Content Standard A content standard for populating finding aids

Format identification and validaiton

Determine types of files

DRAMBORA

Digital Repository Audit Method Based on Risk Assessment Repository audit tool Methodology for self-assessment Encourages organizations to establish a comprehensive self-awareness of their objectives, activities, and assets before identifying, assessing, and managing the risks implicit within their organization Developed by Digital Curation Centre (DCC) and Digital Preservation Europe (DPE)

DIP

Dissemination Information Package What is given to the user May be in different format or have less metadata than AIP

Access Rights Information

Documents any conditions or restrictions pertaining to preservation or access Can include rights enforcement mechanisms (License terms, access permissions, preservation terms and conditions, etc.)

Access tools

EAD finding aids, MARC records

EAD

Encoded Archival Description- metadata structure for archival records An encoding standard for detailed finding aids

Fixity Information

Ensures that the Content Information has not been altered in an undocumented way (Checksums, digital signatures, digital watermarks, etc.)

FOXML

Fedora Object XML Encoding schema for packaging AIPs

BagIt

File packaging specification •Creates a structured directory •Captures data about what's inside the package •Lists entire structure and checksum

ISAD(G)

General International Standard Archival Description Standard to provided general guidance for the preparation of archival descriptions A structural standard for constructing finding aids Should be used in conjunction with existing national standards or as the basis for development of national standards Created by International Council on Archives (ICA) Sub-Commitee on Descriptive Standards (CBPS)

Provenance Information

History of the Content Information (Creation, alterations, chain of custody, preservation actions and outcomes)

de facto

In fact, in effect

Donor agreements

Include information about recovered deleted files

Inter-archive associations

Independent archives, cooperating archives, federated archives, and shared functional areas

Representation Information

Information necessary to render and understand the bit sequences of the CDO Composed of Structure Information, Semantic Information, and Other Representation Information

Content Data Object

Information that is the focus of preservation

Components of OAIS Functional Model

Ingest, Preservation Planning, Data Management, Archival Storage, Administration, and Access

Access

Intermediary between users and Archival Storage and Data Management Implement security/access control External interface with consumers

ISO

International Organization for Standardization

InterPARES

International Research on Permanent Authentic Records in Electronic Systems Documented requirements for authenticity

Representation Networks

Layers of Representation Information (A to understand B, B to understand C, C to understand D, and so on)

Archival Storage

Long-term storage and maintenance of materials Safeguard mechanisms Retrieval by request of consumer No external interface

Data Management

Maintains databases of descriptive metadata Data about internal system operations Queries and reports from data Supports search and retrieval No external interface

Checksum generation

Make sure that changes aren't made

Preservation Planning

Mapping out strategy Monitoring external environment for developments Developing recommendations based on developments No external interface

METS

Metadata Encoding and Transmission Standard XML-based Supports encoding/ packaging of metadata and object Self-descriptive header, descriptive metadata, administrative metadata, list of files, structural map of components, relationships between components, list of 'behaviors' Maintained by LoC

Transfer guidelines

Methods and documentation

MPLP

More Product Less Process

NARA

National Archives and Records Administration

NDIIPP

National Digital Information Infrastructure and Preservation Program One of the creators of BagIt Program of LoC

ISO Standard 14721

OAIS Reference Model (2002)

OCLC

Online Computer Library Center, Inc.

OAIS

Open Archival Information System

Archivists' Toolkit

Open source archival data management system Result of the collaboration of UC San Diego, NYU, and Five Colleges, Inc.

ArchivesSpace

Open source archives information management application

Common Services

Operating system services, network services, and security services Computing and networking backbone

PII

Personal Identification Information- do not include in DIP

PREMIS

Preservation Metadata: Implementation Strategies Data dictionary Implementation and technology neutral

PAIMAS

Producer-Archive Interface Methodology Abstract Standard ISO 20652:2006 Standard that covers the first stages of the ingest process defined by OAIS

PAIS

Producer-Archive Interface Standard

Key point for taking physical control of electronic records

Protect authenticity

Preservation Description Information (PDI)

Reference Information Context Information Provenance Information Fixity Information Access Rights Information

Context Information

Relationship to other Content Information objects (Thematically, as versions in alternative formats, etc.)

RXP

Repository eXchange Package Based on PREMIS and METS Supports extraction and packaging of metadata for transfer to another repository

RLG

Research Libraries Group

Hex editors

Show files as individual byte representations in hexadecimal notation and ASCII Can be used to discover strings of text that do not properly render

Access copies

Smaller files for access by researchers- some info can/must be excluded

Archon

Software that generates EAD and MARC records and publishes archival descriptive information

DSpace

Store, organize, and manage repository content in the cloud

SIP

Submission Information Package What is submitted to the OAIS by the producer The digital object and any metadata created by producer

Descriptive Information

Supports discovery and retrieval via finding aids (Dublin Core/ EAD metadata record, etc.)

ExifTool

Tool for extracting technical metadata

Apache Tika, ExifTool, and MediaInfo

Tools for extracting technical metadata (characterization)

FITS, FIDO, DROID, and Siegfried

Tools for extracting technical metadata (identification)

Quick View Plus and IrfanView

Tools for looking at the content of files without opening them

Treesize Pro and Disk Analyzer Pro

Tools for viewing high level info •Size of files on disk •Proportion of files types

TIPR

Towards Interoperable Preservation Repositories Developed RXP

Offline IMAP

Transfers emails

TDR

Trusted Digital Repository Standard developed by RLG and OCLC to define characteristics of a sustainable digital archive that could serve large-scale, heterogeneous collections

TRAC

Trustworthy Repositories Audit & Certification: Criteria & Checklist Set of criteria to facilitate the certification of digital repositories capable of reliably storing, migrating, and providing access to digital collections Developed by RLG and NARA

Reference Information

Uniquely identifies the Content Information (Accession number, ISBN, etc.)

Forensic disk imaging

Used to copy entire disk or drive

Working Copy

Used to ensure that no inadvertent changes or accidental deletions are made to the original during collection analysis

Archive-It

Web harvesting tool

Fixity

bit-level integrity

Write blockers

physical devices used to prevent inadvertent writing to the device

rsync

server to server transfer

Processing Steps (7)

•Accessioning records •Gathering contextual information about the records •Performing a conservation assessment •Establishing an arrangement scheme •Arranging the records physically, if necessary •Describing the records •Creating access tools

Contextual Information

•Background research on person(s), family(ies), or organization(s) responsible for creating the records •List events or activities reflected in the records •Identify record-keeping practices revealed by the records •Describe the functions and activities that led to the generation of the records

COPTR

•Community Owned Digital Preservation Tool Registry •Wiki to help you find the right tools

Arrangement and description steps (9)

•Create processing plan •Gather contextual information about the materials (iterative process) •Examine the content (find sensitive information) •Arrange the materials intellectually •Arrange the materials physically (if necessary) •Describe the materials (iterative process) •Extract technical metadata •Create access copies (dependent on institution's infrastructure) •Move materials into a preservation environment (dependent on institution's infrastructure)

Technical metadata

•Describes technical processes used to produce, or required to use a digital object •Can be extracted at various points during processing

Digital Package

•Digital object •Metadata describing digital object

Archivematica METS

•Extracts technical metadata •Automatically generates unique ids for materials •Used to package AIPs

Validation

•File formats have technical specifications that need to be met to be considered valid •File can be invalid but render just fine

BitCurator

•Includes software-based write-blocking •Creates authentic copies of content through disk imaging and cryptographic hashing •Mounts forensically packaged disk images to view & export contents •Captures file system metadata •Establishes trustworthy chains of custody through documentation of curatorial actions (log files, PREMIS records) •Generates reports that characterize the contents of disks and directories •Identifies and documents duplicate files •Discovers and exposes associated contextual information •Identifies PII •Exports contents of disks and directories for AIP and DIP •Specifically designed for archivists

Risks in copying files

•Incomplete/incorrect transfers •Missing files •Changes in file system metadata, such as date last accessed

Identification

•Look at structure of bytes in a file and match to patterns in specific file formats •Can't determine file type just from extension

Processing Plan

•Overview •Archival Description •Appraisal •Arrangement •Preservation

Accessioning Steps

•Taking physical and administrative control of the records •Performing a conservation assessment •Using case files to manage information about the accession •Identifying the arrangement and description priority

Conservation assessment

•Virus scan •Checksum generation •Format identification and validation

Ingest

Accepting custody to preparing for archival retention External interface with producer

ASCII

American Standard Code for Information Interchange

MARC21

An encoding standard for collection-level finding aids

AIC

Archival Information Collection Content and metadata for multiple objects (AIUs) grouped into a collection Metadata for each component AIU and for AIC Organizational device in the form of a conceptual layer

AIP

Archival Information Package What is stored and preserved by OAIS The digital object and all metadata submitted by producer and created by archive

AIU

Archival Information Unit Content and metadata for single object (could be composed of multiple physical or digital parts)