Data Information Knowledge and Wisdom exam 1

b. Tacit Knowledge

" We know more than we can tell" •Personal, experiential •Difficult to document and articulate •EX: how to speak a language

b) Describe difference between tacit and explicit knowledge.

-tacit- languages, riding a bike, personal experience knowledge -explicit- textbook learning

a. Explicit Knowledge

Codified, formal knowledge •Get it from books, policies, procedures

d. Information

Data that is interpreted, organized or structured •Adds meaning to data and gives it context and significance •Quantifiable, free from bias, verifiable, accurate, precise etc

a) Describe the characteristics of data, information, knowledge and wisdom

Data- pure and simple facts •Information- data with context •Knowledge - put together two pieces of info and draw a relationship •Wisdom- use knowledge for treatment

c. Data

Discrete entities described objectively without interpretation; may or may not be meaningful •Has no information or context attached to it; it's just discrete such as numbers, dates, etc.

a) There is a saying that an organization is data rich and information poor...what does this mean?

Have a lot of numbers but haven't been able to make sense about it.

b) Give one example of how data is converted to information in healthcare.

ICD -9 CM gives us a way to interpret meaningless data •EX: 162.9 is interpreted as Lung neoplasm, not otherwise specified •Computer only stores data, not information; only a human can determine whether meaning is preserved or not

Knowledge

Information that is synthesized so that relationships are identified; believed to be justifiably true •Ability to use information strategically to achieve one's objectives •Can be explicit, tacit, descriptive, procedural •Allows you to create relationships •EX: Smokers are more likely to develop lung cancer

d) What is a knowledge worker?

Someone who captures, annotates, discusses, helps give meaning, and shares knowledge

Can be structured and unstructured

Structured: organized and structured within a computer, coded values, set of choices ◦Unstructured: narrative text (sentences or paragraphs), human language ◦Unstructured data is patient's description of illness (HPI) ◦About 80% of data in healthcare is unstructured data ◦We want structured data because it is uniform and easier to deal with and analyze

Wisdom

The capacity to choose objectives consistent with one's values within a larger social context •Allows us to make predictions about things •is more abstract; incorporates values, social context

c) Describe how the continuum of DIKW applies to healthcare.

We get data from tests and patients to turn it into info to help make a diagnosis and cure people (researching → reflecting)

c) What are the benefits and challenges of tacit and explicit knowledge?

tacit - ex: experience can give you insight for further diagnoses. Just because symptoms do not present in similar way to the textbook.. Etc