Deming's 14 Points for Management

4. End the practice of awarding business on the basis of price tag.

Instead, minimize total cost. Move toward a single supplier for any one item, on a long-term relationship of loyalty and trust.

9. Break down barriers between departments.

People in research, design, sales, and production must work as a team, to foresee problems of production and in use that may be encountered with the product or service.

14. The transformation is everybody's job.

Put everybody in the company to work to accomplish the transformation.

10. Eliminate slogans, exhortations, and targets for the work force asking for zero defects and new levels of productivity.

Such exhortations only create adversarial relationships, as the bulk of the causes of low quality and low productivity belong to the system and thus lie beyond the power of the work force.

7. Institute leadership.

The aim of supervision should be to help people and machines and gadgets to do a better job. Supervision of management is in need of overhaul, as well as supervision of production workers.

11. Remove barriers that rob the hourly worker of his right to pride of workmanship.

The responsibility of supervisors must be changed from sheer numbers to quality.

12. Remove barriers that rob people in management and in engineering of their right to pride of workmanship.

This means, inter alia, abolishment of the annual or merit rating and of management by objective.

2. Adopt the new philosophy. We are in a new economic age.

Western management must awaken to the challenge, must learn their responsibilities, and take on leadership for change.

8. Drive out fear

so that everyone may work effectively for the company.

5. Improve constantly and forever the system of production and service

to improve quality and productivity, and thus constantly decrease costs.

1. Create constancy of purpose toward improvement of product and service

with the aim to become competitive and to stay in business, and to provide jobs.

3. Cease dependence on inspection to achieve quality.

Eliminate the need for inspection on a mass basis by building quality into the product in the first place.