Digestive System part 2
Arrange the following structures in order from the small intestine to the rectum.
1,4,2,3
Intrinsic factor
A substance produced by the mucosa of the stomach and intestines that is essential for the absorption of vitamin B12.
The movement of molecules out of the digestive tract into circulation or the lymphatic system is ________
Absorption
Feces consist of ________
All the answers are correct
Which of the following is an end product of protein digestion?
Amino Acid
Chemical Digestion
Breakdown of organic molecules with digestive enzymes
Which of the following does NOT illustrate digestion?
CO2 and H2O → carbohydrates
The common hepatic duct and the cystic duct unite to form the
Common bile duct
Celiac disease causes degeneration of the villi of the small intestine. What is a likely affect of this degeneration?
Decrease in absorption due to reduced surface area
Which of the following is a function of the digestive system?
Elimination of undigested food
What prevents the bolus from entering the larynx during deglutition?
Epiglottis
Which structure moves food from the pharynx to the stomach?
Esophagus
The parietal cells of gastric glands secrete
Hydrochloric Acid
Which of the following statements regarding swallowing is true?
In the pharyngeal phase, food is moved through the pharynx
The villi, microvilli, and circular folds function to
Increase surface area for absorption
Which of the following occurs in the large intestine?
Mass Movements
What is the purpose of segmental contractions of the small intestine?
Mixing of intestinal contents
Absorption
Movement of molecules from digestive tract into blood
Which layer of the digestive tract is in direct contact with ingested food?
Mucosa
Peristalsis
Muscular contractions that propel food
Which of the following is correctly matched?
Muscularis - responsible for peristalsis
Which is the correct order of the regions of the digestive tract from superior to inferior?
Oral cavity, stomach, small intestine, large intestine
Which of the following structures has both endocrine and exocrine tissue?
Pancreas
The digestive juice that contains enzymes capable of digesting all major food groups is ________
Pancreatic Juice
Which of the following cell types of the stomach is correctly matched with its function?
Parietal cells - produce hydrochloric acid
The salivary glands located just anterior to the ear are the ________ glands.
Parotid
Which of the following enzymes digests protein?
Pepsin
What moves the bolus during the esophageal phase of deglutition?
Peristalsis
Matthew takes a drug that inhibits the production of HCl in the stomach to ease the symptoms of a gastric ulcer. If he takes it for a long time, digestion of which nutrient would be affected the most?
Proteins
elimination
Removal of undigested wastes from body
Which of the following is not associated with the large absorptive surface of the small intestine?
Rugae
If you take a piece of white bread and chew it slowly for a long period of time, the flavor will become very sweet. This is due to the starch molecules in the bread being digested into smaller sugars that trigger a sweet sensation. Which substance is responsible for this breakdown?
Salivary amylase
The chemical digestion of the disaccharides occurs in the ________
Small Intestine
Segmental contractions are mixing contractions that occur predominantly in the ________
Small intestine
Amino acids and monosaccharides are absorbed in the ________, and fatty acids are absorbed in the ________
Small intestine; Small intestine
Which of the following organs is part of the digestive tract?
Stomach
Why doesn't the stomach digest itself?
The stomach wall is protected by large amounts of mucus
Which of the following enzymes is mismatched with its substrate?
Trypsin - nucleic acids
Which of the following is the correct order for the phases of deglutition?
Voluntary, pharyngeal, esophageal
Diffusion and active transport are likely to be important in
absorption of food
Functions of the liver include ________.
all of the above
Gallstones may form if
bile is too concentrated
What is found in an intestinal villus?
blood capillaries and a lacteal
The main part of the stomach is called the
body region
Contact digestion takes place in/at the ________
brush border of small intestine
Mastification
chewing
Gallstones are usually composed of
cholesterol.
Bile
emulsifies fats in the small intestine.
Bile salts function like detergents in that they ________ fat globules
emulsify
Heartburn is usually caused by the effects of gastric juice on the
esophagus.
Inability of the pyloric sphincter to open would prevent
food from entering the small intestine.
Inflammation of the stomach mucosa in the area superior to the pyloric sphincter is most appropriately referred to as ________.
gastric ulcer
Nutrient-rich blood from the digestive tract comes to the liver by way of the ________
hepatic portal vein
Which portion of the small intestine is most distal from the pylorus of the stomach?
ileum
The parotid glands are
largest of the salivary glands
Secretions that are added as food moves through the GI tract assist in
liquefying and digesting the food.
Beginning at the lumen, the sequence of layers of the digestive tract wall is
mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, serosa
The portion of the digestive tract that receives food directly from the oral cavity is the ________.
oropharynx
Which of the following are secreted by the stomach
pepsinogen and intrinsic factor
Liver
produces secretions that help neutralize stomach acids and emulsify fats
Abdominal organs that lie against the body wall and have no mesenteries are said to be ________
retroperitoneal
A mixing contraction in the small intestine is called ________.
segmental contraction
Which of the following is located closest to the rectum?
sigmoid colon
The gallbladder ________
stores bile
The alimentary canal extends, in its entirety, from
the mouth to the anus
Monosaccharides
use a symport process in their absorption
