Digestive System part 2

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Arrange the following structures in order from the small intestine to the rectum.

1,4,2,3

Intrinsic factor

A substance produced by the mucosa of the stomach and intestines that is essential for the absorption of vitamin B12.

The movement of molecules out of the digestive tract into circulation or the lymphatic system is ________

Absorption

Feces consist of ________

All the answers are correct

Which of the following is an end product of protein digestion?

Amino Acid

Chemical Digestion

Breakdown of organic molecules with digestive enzymes

Which of the following does NOT illustrate digestion?

CO2 and H2O → carbohydrates

The common hepatic duct and the cystic duct unite to form the

Common bile duct

Celiac disease causes degeneration of the villi of the small intestine. What is a likely affect of this degeneration?

Decrease in absorption due to reduced surface area

Which of the following is a function of the digestive system?

Elimination of undigested food

What prevents the bolus from entering the larynx during deglutition?

Epiglottis

Which structure moves food from the pharynx to the stomach?

Esophagus

The parietal cells of gastric glands secrete

Hydrochloric Acid

Which of the following statements regarding swallowing is true?

In the pharyngeal phase, food is moved through the pharynx

The villi, microvilli, and circular folds function to

Increase surface area for absorption

Which of the following occurs in the large intestine?

Mass Movements

What is the purpose of segmental contractions of the small intestine?

Mixing of intestinal contents

Absorption

Movement of molecules from digestive tract into blood

Which layer of the digestive tract is in direct contact with ingested food?

Mucosa

Peristalsis

Muscular contractions that propel food

Which of the following is correctly matched?

Muscularis - responsible for peristalsis

Which is the correct order of the regions of the digestive tract from superior to inferior?

Oral cavity, stomach, small intestine, large intestine

Which of the following structures has both endocrine and exocrine tissue?

Pancreas

The digestive juice that contains enzymes capable of digesting all major food groups is ________

Pancreatic Juice

Which of the following cell types of the stomach is correctly matched with its function?

Parietal cells - produce hydrochloric acid

The salivary glands located just anterior to the ear are the ________ glands.

Parotid

Which of the following enzymes digests protein?

Pepsin

What moves the bolus during the esophageal phase of deglutition?

Peristalsis

Matthew takes a drug that inhibits the production of HCl in the stomach to ease the symptoms of a gastric ulcer. If he takes it for a long time, digestion of which nutrient would be affected the most?

Proteins

elimination

Removal of undigested wastes from body

Which of the following is not associated with the large absorptive surface of the small intestine?

Rugae

If you take a piece of white bread and chew it slowly for a long period of time, the flavor will become very sweet. This is due to the starch molecules in the bread being digested into smaller sugars that trigger a sweet sensation. Which substance is responsible for this breakdown?

Salivary amylase

The chemical digestion of the disaccharides occurs in the ________

Small Intestine

Segmental contractions are mixing contractions that occur predominantly in the ________

Small intestine

Amino acids and monosaccharides are absorbed in the ________, and fatty acids are absorbed in the ________

Small intestine; Small intestine

Which of the following organs is part of the digestive tract?

Stomach

Why doesn't the stomach digest itself?

The stomach wall is protected by large amounts of mucus

Which of the following enzymes is mismatched with its substrate?

Trypsin - nucleic acids

Which of the following is the correct order for the phases of deglutition?

Voluntary, pharyngeal, esophageal

Diffusion and active transport are likely to be important in

absorption of food

Functions of the liver include ________.

all of the above

Gallstones may form if

bile is too concentrated

What is found in an intestinal villus?

blood capillaries and a lacteal

The main part of the stomach is called the

body region

Contact digestion takes place in/at the ________

brush border of small intestine

Mastification

chewing

Gallstones are usually composed of

cholesterol.

Bile

emulsifies fats in the small intestine.

Bile salts function like detergents in that they ________ fat globules

emulsify

Heartburn is usually caused by the effects of gastric juice on the

esophagus.

Inability of the pyloric sphincter to open would prevent

food from entering the small intestine.

Inflammation of the stomach mucosa in the area superior to the pyloric sphincter is most appropriately referred to as ________.

gastric ulcer

Nutrient-rich blood from the digestive tract comes to the liver by way of the ________

hepatic portal vein

Which portion of the small intestine is most distal from the pylorus of the stomach?

ileum

The parotid glands are

largest of the salivary glands

Secretions that are added as food moves through the GI tract assist in

liquefying and digesting the food.

Beginning at the lumen, the sequence of layers of the digestive tract wall is

mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, serosa

The portion of the digestive tract that receives food directly from the oral cavity is the ________.

oropharynx

Which of the following are secreted by the stomach

pepsinogen and intrinsic factor

Liver

produces secretions that help neutralize stomach acids and emulsify fats

Abdominal organs that lie against the body wall and have no mesenteries are said to be ________

retroperitoneal

A mixing contraction in the small intestine is called ________.

segmental contraction

Which of the following is located closest to the rectum?

sigmoid colon

The gallbladder ________

stores bile

The alimentary canal extends, in its entirety, from

the mouth to the anus

Monosaccharides

use a symport process in their absorption


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