Dose Response Relationship/Data Interpretation
% within 1 standard deviation
68
% within 2 standard deviations
98
% within 3 standard deviations
99
point of lowest observable effect in cumulative response graph
LOEL
point of no death in cumulative response graph
NOEL
specific amount; measure of exposure expressed as an amount pre unit of body weight
dose
dose at which 50 percent of animals exhibit the desired response
effective dose (ED50)
receiving a dose of a substance; contact with chemical substance
exposure
response varies eithin group of organisms of same species; Gaussian distribution
intraspecies variation
dose lethal to 50 percent of the animals being tested
lethal dose (LD50)
LD1/ED99
margin of safety
limit of dose-response relationship; maximum response
maximum efficacy
What is the ideal toxicity test?
not subjective, consistent, conclusive, relates to human response
range of doses over which chemical produces increasing responses
potency
((LD1-ED99)/ED99)*100
standard safety margin
What are the factors considered when designing a toxicity test?
test organism, how response is measure, how long, what dose
LD50/ED50
therapeutic index