Dose Response Relationship/Data Interpretation

% within 1 standard deviation

68

% within 2 standard deviations

98

% within 3 standard deviations

99

point of lowest observable effect in cumulative response graph

LOEL

point of no death in cumulative response graph

NOEL

specific amount; measure of exposure expressed as an amount pre unit of body weight

dose

dose at which 50 percent of animals exhibit the desired response

effective dose (ED50)

receiving a dose of a substance; contact with chemical substance

exposure

response varies eithin group of organisms of same species; Gaussian distribution

intraspecies variation

dose lethal to 50 percent of the animals being tested

lethal dose (LD50)

LD1/ED99

margin of safety

limit of dose-response relationship; maximum response

maximum efficacy

What is the ideal toxicity test?

not subjective, consistent, conclusive, relates to human response

range of doses over which chemical produces increasing responses

potency

((LD1-ED99)/ED99)*100

standard safety margin

What are the factors considered when designing a toxicity test?

test organism, how response is measure, how long, what dose

LD50/ED50

therapeutic index