Early Middle Ages
Vassal
owe loyalty to someone above you
Lord
protects and gives land to vassals
Coat of Arms
represent the family name, help knights recognize each other in armor
collapse of a strong central gov
The growth of feudalism in Europe during the Middle Ages was primarily caused by the
church
What was the most important force in providing unity and stability throughout western Europe during the Middle Ages?
manorialism
Which economic system existed in Europe during the early middle ages?
Lords
____ ran the show
Carolingian Empire
_________ divided among his 3 grandsons after Charlemagne's death
Tribal Groups
____________ took over the Roman Empire
Feudalism
a political, economic, and social system based on loyalty and military service. No central authority.
Serf
not a slave but can't leave the land, coerced labor
Castle
not designed for beauty and order. value protection, early architecture designed for defense.
Church
only institution to survive the fall of the Western Roman Empire intact. Organized like a Roman Bureaucracy . Only educated group in society. Most powerful institution in time period,
Charlemagne
1st ruler of Western Europe since fall of the Romans after 250 years of chaos. He establishes a centralized empire. Responsible for spreading Christianity in Europe by force. Crowned emperor of holy Roman empire by the Pope. Carolingian Empire during reign.
Med. and Black
Constantinople is the chokepoint of what 2 seas?
Eastern Orthodox
Byzantine Empire Church became
Russia
Byzantine Empire influenced
Hagia Sophia
Byzantine church changed to a mosque after Muslim takeover
Justinian
Byzantine emperor that updated and organized old Roman laws into one legal code
Roman Catholic Church
During the early Middle Ages, western European societies were most influenced by
land
In the European feudal system under manorialism, what is the most significant economic commodity?
Roman Empire collapsed
In western Europe, feudalism developed after the
Roman
In western Europe, the Middle Ages began after the collapse of which empire?
seldom able to change their social status
One similarity between the feudal manors of Europe and the traditional villages of India is that
impact of the Crusades
Revival of trade in western Europe, decline of feudalism, revival of interest in learning, and cultural interaction with the Middle East are associated with the
Treaty of Verdun
breaks up empire into 3 parts. Beginnings of modern Germany and France.
Constantinople
capital of Byzantine Empire
Code of Chivalry
code for nights, guide of behavior for knights to follow. Ideals of a knight being brave, loyal, and true. -Defend the weak, Religion important, Duties to God greater that Duties to Lord, , Loyalty, Honesty, Courage
Justinian Code
code of organized Roman laws
Theodora
commoner, prostitute who made her way up to royalty by marrying Emperor Justinian.
strait
connects two seas
Mutual Obligations
loyalty and service -Lord to Vassal-
Byzantine Empire
eastern half of Rome
Manorialism
economy-how people make a living, type of economic system found in a feudal place, economic portion of feudalism in which all aspects of life are centered on the lord's manor. -All economic activities are self sufficient due to lack of trade because of danger during the time period.
attack of Muslims
issue 1 of Byzantine empire
split within church
issue 2 of Byzantine empire
liege
king, lord, sovereignty
fief
land given out by Kings
vassals
lesser lords
feudalism
system in which land is exchanged for military service and loyalty