Early Middle Ages

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Vassal

owe loyalty to someone above you

Lord

protects and gives land to vassals

Coat of Arms

represent the family name, help knights recognize each other in armor

collapse of a strong central gov

The growth of feudalism in Europe during the Middle Ages was primarily caused by the

church

What was the most important force in providing unity and stability throughout western Europe during the Middle Ages?

manorialism

Which economic system existed in Europe during the early middle ages?

Lords

____ ran the show

Carolingian Empire

_________ divided among his 3 grandsons after Charlemagne's death

Tribal Groups

____________ took over the Roman Empire

Feudalism

a political, economic, and social system based on loyalty and military service. No central authority.

Serf

not a slave but can't leave the land, coerced labor

Castle

not designed for beauty and order. value protection, early architecture designed for defense.

Church

only institution to survive the fall of the Western Roman Empire intact. Organized like a Roman Bureaucracy . Only educated group in society. Most powerful institution in time period,

Charlemagne

1st ruler of Western Europe since fall of the Romans after 250 years of chaos. He establishes a centralized empire. Responsible for spreading Christianity in Europe by force. Crowned emperor of holy Roman empire by the Pope. Carolingian Empire during reign.

Med. and Black

Constantinople is the chokepoint of what 2 seas?

Eastern Orthodox

Byzantine Empire Church became

Russia

Byzantine Empire influenced

Hagia Sophia

Byzantine church changed to a mosque after Muslim takeover

Justinian

Byzantine emperor that updated and organized old Roman laws into one legal code

Roman Catholic Church

During the early Middle Ages, western European societies were most influenced by

land

In the European feudal system under manorialism, what is the most significant economic commodity?

Roman Empire collapsed

In western Europe, feudalism developed after the

Roman

In western Europe, the Middle Ages began after the collapse of which empire?

seldom able to change their social status

One similarity between the feudal manors of Europe and the traditional villages of India is that

impact of the Crusades

Revival of trade in western Europe, decline of feudalism, revival of interest in learning, and cultural interaction with the Middle East are associated with the

Treaty of Verdun

breaks up empire into 3 parts. Beginnings of modern Germany and France.

Constantinople

capital of Byzantine Empire

Code of Chivalry

code for nights, guide of behavior for knights to follow. Ideals of a knight being brave, loyal, and true. -Defend the weak, Religion important, Duties to God greater that Duties to Lord, , Loyalty, Honesty, Courage

Justinian Code

code of organized Roman laws

Theodora

commoner, prostitute who made her way up to royalty by marrying Emperor Justinian.

strait

connects two seas

Mutual Obligations

loyalty and service -Lord to Vassal-

Byzantine Empire

eastern half of Rome

Manorialism

economy-how people make a living, type of economic system found in a feudal place, economic portion of feudalism in which all aspects of life are centered on the lord's manor. -All economic activities are self sufficient due to lack of trade because of danger during the time period.

attack of Muslims

issue 1 of Byzantine empire

split within church

issue 2 of Byzantine empire

liege

king, lord, sovereignty

fief

land given out by Kings

vassals

lesser lords

feudalism

system in which land is exchanged for military service and loyalty


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