Earthquake cards

What are the processes that result in an earthquake?

2 surface plates push together energy builds up then moves plates. The rocks on plate boundaries move suddenly releasing energy.

Seismograph

A machine that detects time and measures e movement of the earth

Landslide

A sudden movement of falling rocks and soil down steep slopes.

What is the difference between body waves and surface waves, name two types of waves that fall in each category

Body waves occur beneath earths surface. When the p and S waves reach the surface they release energy which forms surface waves. P and S waves are seismic waves, love and Raleigh waves are surface waves

Fault

Breaks in the earths surface along which rock can move.

Describe two tips for staying safe during and after an earthquake both indoors and outdoors

During an earthquake while you are indoors you can hide under a desk or stay in your bed if you were in it before and cover you head with a pillow. During an earthquake while outdoors runout to an open area and stay away from fallen electrical poles, fire, and broken pipes.

On the Richter scale, hoy many times greater is each number than the number before it. Give and example

Each number is 10 times stronger than the number before it. From an 8 to a 9 will be ten times stronger.

Moment magnitude scale

Is a magnitude scale based on the amount of energy released. It measures The area of fault rupture x amount the fault slips x the strength of the broken rock.

Richter scale

Is a magnitude scale based on the seismogram reading which measures the height of the ground movement.

Mercalli scale

Is an intensity scale based on the effects of an earthquake determined by the distance you are away from the epicenter, also by the local geography.

Triangulation

Is where you need 3 seismographs and where they all intersect is where the earthquake will be.

S wave: describe the speed, material it can go through, type of motion.

It is quicker than surface waves slower than P waves. It can move through solids but not liquids. It moves in an up and down Zig Zag motion.

Seismogram

It is the actual written report

P wave: describe the speed, ,material it can go through, type of motion.

It is the fastest moving body wave. It moves through liquids and solids. It moves in a straight pushing and pulling motion.

Name the 5 hazards that might result from an earthquake

Liquefaction, landslides, fires and flooding, building and road collapses, tsunamis

Raleigh waves: describe the speed, material it can go through, type of motion

Moves slower than love wave. They move along the ground in a rolling motion

Tsunami

Ocean waves that are caused by earthquakes also are called seismic sea waves

Reverse or thrust fault: describe the rock movement, plate movement, and types of landforms that form at this fault.

Rocks ouch together then move a rock up. When a continental plate oldies with another continental plate one folds over it. It forms mountains and ocean trenches.

Seismologist

Scientists who study the movement of the earth.

What type of fault is the San Andreas fault and where is it located.

The San Andreas Fault is a strike slip fault it is located in California.

Focus

The beginning point of an earthquake

Love waves: describe the speed, material it can go through, type of motion.

The fastest moving surface wave, it moves back and forth in a Zig Zag

What is the difference between and intensity scale and a magnitude scale

The intensity is the Mercalli scale that is based on the amount of damage the earthquake can cause. Magnitude- Richter scale measures the strength the earthquake produces.

Epicenter

The point on the surface of the earth directly bone the focus

Earthquake

The rocks along plate boundaries shift suddenly no release their stored energy.

Normal fault: describe the rock movement, plate movement, and types of landforms that form at this fault

The rocks move apart then one section falls between them. At the plate boundaries where normal faults are, they allow molten rock to come up and fill in a gap and form new land. The fault forms Valleys and mid-ocean trenches.

Strike slip fault: describe the rock movement, plate movement, and major geologic events that occur at this fault

The rocks move horizontally past each other. To add or remove parts of the earth can cause the earth to shake, shift. It forms mountains and earthquakes.

Describe in detail the steps to locate the epicenter

The seismic waves dread out of the focus in all directions. The epicenter is the point in the surface above the focus.

Magnitude

The strength of the seismic waves in an earthquake (Referring to earthquakes of course)

Compare and contrast the Richter scale and the moment magnitude scale

They are both scales that measure earthquakes.the Richter scale is the based on the seismogram reading which measures the height of the ground movement. The moment magnitude scale is based on the amount of energy released. It is measured by this formula, area of fault rupture x the strength of the broken rock.

How can builders reduce loss of life during an earthquake

They can start understanding the hazards that come with an earthquake, so then they can build better homes, buildings, bridges, and roads. They also can know where the earthquake is if they are close enough to the fault.

Seismic wave

Waves of energy sent out from the beginning point of an earthquake

Liquefaction

When wet loose sediment behaves like liquid during earthquakes