Electricity (CH 11)
red light
penetrates the deepest and produces the most heat; used on dry skin in combination with oils and creams
wavelength
the distance between two successive frequency peaks is called the
electromagnetic spectrum
the entire range of wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation (radiant energy) is called the
modalities
the four main ones are galvanic, faradic, sinusoidal, and Tesla high frequency
polarity
the negative or positive state of electric current is
complete circuit
the path of an electric current from the generating source through conductors and back to its original source
grounding
the principle of _____________ is another important way of promoting electrical safety
anaphoresis
the process of forcing liquids into the tissues from the negative toward the positive pole
iontophoresis
the process of introducing water-soluble products into the skin with the use of electric current
desincrustation
the process used to soften and liquify grease deposits in the hair follicles and pores is
amp
the unit of measurement for the amount of current running through a wire
infrared rays
these make up 60% of the natural sunlight
Tesla High Frequency
this current is a thermal or heat-producing current with a high rate of oscillation or vibration
volt
unit for measuring the pressure that forces the electric current forward
catalysts
used to make reactions happen more quickly
disconnected
when appliances are not in use they should be
milliampere
is 1/1000th of an ampere
kilowatt
is 1000 watts and the electricity in your house is measured in this manner
white light
is referred to as "combination light" because it is a combination of all visible rays of the spectrum
UV (ultraviolet rays)
make up 5% of natural sunlight, also referred to as cold rays or actinic rays
visible light
makes up 35% of natural sunlight that we can see
watt
measures how much electric energy is being used in 1 second
ohm
measures the resistance of an electric current
negative galvanic current
not to be used on skin with broken capillaries, pustular acne, or on a client with high blood pressure
UV rays
overexposure to these rays cause premature aging of the skin and skin cancer
rectifier
a _____________ is used to change alternating current (ac) to direct current (dc). AC to DC
converter
a ______________is used to change direct current (dc) into alternating current (ac). DC to AC
galvanic
a constant and direct current, producing chemical changes when it passed through the tissues and fluids of the body
direct current
a constant, ever-flowing current, traveling in one direction
electricity
a form of energy that produces magnetic, chemical, and thermal effects
cathode
a negative electrode is called an
anode
a positive electrode is called an
alternating current
a rapid and interrupted current, flowing first in one direction then in the opposite
fuse
a safety device that prevents excessive current from passing through
vaporizer
a steamer or _______________ produces moist, uniform heat that can be applied to the head or face
insulator or nonconductor
a substance that does NOT easily transmit electricity
conductor
a substance that permits electrical current to pass through it
circuit breaker
a switch that automatically interrupts or shuts off an electric circuit at the first indication of overload is a
heating cap
a uniform source of heat can be provided by a
UL certified
all electrical appliances you use should be
ampere
an amp or __________________ is the unit of measurement for the amount of current running through a wire
electrode
an applicator that directs the electric current from the machine to the client's skin
radiant energy
another name for electromagnetic radiation is
apparatus
artificial light rays are produced by using an electrical _______________called a therapeutic lamp
blue light
contains few heat rays and has some germicidal and chemical benefits and should only be used on bare oily skin
matter
electricity does not occupy space or have any physical or chemical properties; therefore it is NOT
electric current
flow of electricity along a conductor is
cataphoresis
forces acidic substances into the deeper tissue using galvanic current
