EMT Basic Chapter 12 Shock Quiz

As you approach a patient lying at the side of the roadway, you observe severe bleeding from the leg. What should your first action be? A. Control the bleeding. B. Open the airway. C. Check for a pulse. D. Administer oxygen.

A. Control the bleeding.

When treating an 80-year-old patient who is in shock, it is important to remember that: A. changes in gastric motility may delay gastric emptying, which increases the risk for vomiting. B. medications older patients take for hypertension often cause an unusually fast heart rate. C. compensation from the respiratory system usually manifests with increased tidal volume. D. the older patient's central nervous system usually reacts more briskly to compensate for shock.

A. changes in gastric motility may delay gastric emptying, which increases the risk for vomiting.

You suspect your patient is in shock. You note the patient's skin is pale. This is likely due to ___________. A. peripheral vasoconstriction B. peripheral vasodilation C. an increased heart rate D. hypothermia

A. peripheral vasoconstriction

Hypovolemic shock caused by severe burns is the result of a loss of: A. plasma. B. platelets. C. red blood cells. D. whole blood.

A. plasma.

Foods, medications, and insects are common causes of ________. A. septic shock B. anaphylactic shock C. neurogenic shock D. psychogenic shock

B. anaphylactic shock

Your patient has a decreased cardiac output and poor myocardial contractility. This will likely lead to ___________. A. hypovolemic shock B. cardiogenic shock C. septic shock D. neurogenic shock

B. cardiogenic shock

Pulmonary edema and impaired ventilation occur during: A. anaphylactic shock. B. cardiogenic shock. C. septic shock. D. neurogenic shock.

B. cardiogenic shock.

Which of the following is the ONLY action that can prevent eventual death from a tension pneumothorax? A. Rapid administration of intravenous fluids B. Early administration of high-flow oxygen C. Decompression of the injured side of the chest D. Positive-pressure ventilation with a bag-valve mask

C. Decompression of the injured side of the chest

When should nonlifesaving interventions be performed for your multisystem trauma patient? A. During the primary assessment B. Immediately after the injuries are discovered C. En route to the hospital D. Prior to transport

C. En route to the hospital

A 25-year-old unrestrained female struck the steering wheel with her chest when her car hit a tree while traveling at a high rate of speed. She has signs and symptoms of shock, which you suspect are the result of intrathoracic bleeding. Which of the following interventions will provide this patient with the greatest chance for survival? A. Intravenous fluid administration B. Full immobilization of her spine C. Rapid transport to a trauma center D. High-flow oxygen administration

C. Rapid transport to a trauma center

A 20-year-old male has a large laceration to his wrist. He is holding a blood-soaked towel over the wound, but it continues to bleed rapidly. You should: A. administer high-flow supplemental oxygen. B. wrap the towel with pressure bandages. C. apply a tourniquet proximal to the wrist. D. apply pressure to the brachial artery.

C. apply a tourniquet proximal to the wrist.

When assessing a patient with signs and symptoms of shock, it is important to remember that: A. the patient's respirations are deep during the early stages of shock. B. multiple fractures are the most common cause of hypovolemic shock. C. blood pressure may be the last measurable factor to change in shock. D. irreversible shock often responds well to a prompt blood transfusion.

C. blood pressure may be the last measurable factor to change in shock.

Your patient is in shock, but the body's defense mechanisms are currently able to maintain adequate circulation. This is called ___________. A. irreversible shock B. late shock C. compensated shock D. decompensated shock

C. compensated shock

In an acute injury setting, neurogenic shock is commonly accompanied by: A. hypovolemia. B. diaphoresis. C. hypothermia. D. tachycardia.

C. hypothermia.

To protect vital organs, the body compensates by directing blood flow away from organs that are more tolerant of low flow, such as: A. the brain. B. the heart. C. the skin. D. the lungs.

C. the skin.

Which of the following injuries would MOST likely cause obstructive shock? A. Simple pneumothorax B. Spinal cord injury C. Liver laceration D. Cardiac tamponade

D. Cardiac tamponade

What are the three components of the "perfusion triangle"? A. Plasma, red blood cells, platelets B. Heart, brain, lungs C. Arteries, veins, capillaries D. Heart, blood vessels, blood

D. Heart, blood vessels, blood

Shock due to severe infection is called ________. A. anaphylactic shock B. neurogenic shock C. hypovolemic shock D. septic shock

D. septic shock

Inadequate circulation of blood throughout the body is called ________. A. hypotension B. hypoxia C. perfusion D. shock

D. shock

Distributive shock occurs when: A. temporary but severe vasodilation causes a decrease in blood supply to the brain. B. an injury causes restriction of the heart muscle and impairs its pumping function. C. severe bleeding causes tachycardia in order to distribute blood to the organs faster. D. widespread dilation of the blood vessels causes blood to pool in the vascular beds.

D. widespread dilation of the blood vessels causes blood to pool in the vascular beds.