emt chapter 4-6

in the recovery position, the patient is

on his or her side

A patient with a pneumothorax has unilateral chest expansion. This means that:

only one side of his chest rises when he inhales.

Relative to an adult's airway anatomy, the child's:

pharynx is smaller and less deeply curved

which of the following glands regulates the function of all other endocrine glands in the body

pituitary

A young male jumped from a tree and landed feet first. What aspect of his body has sustained the initial injury?

plantar

negative pressure breathing involves

a drop in pressure within the chest cavity

The term "supraventricular tachycardia" means:

a rapid heart rate that originates from above the ventricles.

Movement or motion away from the body's midline is called:

abduction

in relation to the chest, the back is

posterior

which of the following anatomic terms is synonymous with the word dorsal

posterior

a - receives messages and signals on one time frequency and then automatically retransmits them on a second frequency

repeater

How does respiration differ from ventilation?

respiration is the process of gas exchange, whereas ventilation is the simple movement of air between the lungs and the environment

As you are wheeling your patient through the emergency department doors, you receive another call for a major motor vehicle crash. You should:

respond only after giving a verbal patient report to a nurse or physician.

the - of the heart is the inferior portion of the ventricles

apex

the autonomic nervous system controls all of the following functions, except:

breath holding

When relaying patient information via radio, communications should be:

brief and easily understood

a trauma patient has a gunshot wound to the left side of the chest, away from the nipple. how should the injury location be described

anterolateral

which of the following incidents does not require a report to be filed with the local authorities

cardiac arrest

cardiac output (CO) is affected by

stroke volume and heart rate

The most distal four spinal vertebrae, which are fused together, form the:

coccyx

it is important to understand medical terminology in order to

communicate effectively with other healthcare members

All information recorded on the PCR must be:

considered confidential

Ethnocentrism is defined as:

considering your own cultural values as more important when interacting with people of a different culture.

which of the following are central pulses

femoral and carotid

The bony prominence on the lateral/superior aspect of the thigh is called the:

greater trochanter

A multiparous patient is one who:

has given birth more than once

After applying a tourniquet, the injury from a patient's leg stops bleeding. This is called:

hemostasis

enlargement of the liver

hepatomegaly

breathing occurs as the result of an

increase in carbon dioxide, which decreases the pH of the cerebrospinal fluid.

The topographic term used to describe the parts of the body that are nearer to the feet is:

inferior

a patient is diagnosed with nephritis. this means

inflammation of the kidney

12 pairs of ribs attach to which section of the spinal column

thoracic

Abnormalities in metabolism are most likely caused by dysfunction of the:

thyroid gland

during your assessment of a patient with a chest injury, you note that only one side of his chest moves when he breathes. how should you describe his chest movement

unilateral

A patient has a blood pressure of 130/70 mm Hg. The "130" represents:

ventricular contraction

skeletal muscle is also called

voluntary muscle

the root word cirrh/o means

yellow-orange

which of the following statements regarding anaerobic metabolism is correct

anaerobic metabolism produces lactic acid and occurs when cellular is limited

Contraction of the right ventricle causes:

blood to flow into the pulmonary circulation

a patient has bilateral femur fractures. this means that:

both femurs are fractured.

The exchange of oxygen and nutrients for waste products of metabolism occurs at the cellular level in the:

capillaries

the elbow is an example of a - joint

hinge

You could be sued for ___________ if your radio report to the hospital describes the patient in a manner that injures his or her reputation.

slander

Stimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system would result in:

slow heart rate

The term "pericardiocentesis" means:

the removal of fluid from around the heart.

the central nervous system is composed of the

brain and spinal cord

Together, the right and left lungs contain ____________ lobes.

5

All critical life functions are coordinated in which part of the brain?

brain stem

you are caring for a 52 year old man who complains of chest discomfort. the patient is a retired paramedic and is very anxious because he thinks he is having a heart attack. which of the following statements would be correct

"it is possible that you are experiencing a heart attack. i am going to give you four baby aspirin to chew and swallow"

you would expect a patient who is experiencing difficulty breathing to be in which of the following positions

Fowler

A patient in a semireclined position with the head elevated to facilitate breathing is in the _______ position:

Fowler's

A patient has kidney disease that is causing him severe pain. What condition does he have and what would be administered for his pain?

Nephropathy; analgesic

which of the following statements regarding communication with a child is correct

Standing over a child often increases his or her level of anxiety.

As the bronchus divides into smaller bronchioles, the terminal ends of these smaller passages form the:

alveoli

a patient with hepatomegaly has

an enlarged liver

A patient's refusal for EMS treatment and/or transport must be:

an informed refusal

a proximal numeral fracture is one that is located

at a point closest to the body

A patient lacerated the dorsal aspect of his hand. This means that the injury is:

back of hand

Any radio hardware containing a transmitter and receiver that is located in a fixed location is called a:

base station

Dead space is the portion of the respiratory system that:

contains no alveoli and does not participate in gas exchange

the patient care report (PCR) ensures:

continuity of care

When communicating with a visually impaired patient, you should:

determine the degree of the patient's impairment.

oxygen and carbon dioxide pass across the alveolar membrane in the lungs through a process called:

diffusion

During the alert and dispatch phase of EMS communications, the dispatcher's responsibilities include all of the following, EXCEPT:

discouraging the caller from providing care until the EMS unit arrives.

Pathophysiology is the study of the functional changes that occur when the body reacts to a particular

disease

A 5-year-old boy has fallen and has a severe deformity of the forearm near the wrist. He has possibly sustained a fracture of the ____________ forearm.

distal

A woman amputated the tip of her finger. Which directional term should be used to describe her injury location?

distal

A fracture of the humerus just above the elbow would be described as a:

distal humerus fracture

the medical term for painful or difficult urination

dysuria

communicating with hearing impaired patients can be facilitated by doing all of the following

elevating the tone of your voice and exaggerating word pronunciation

Key hormones of the sympathetic nervous system include:

epinephrine and norepinephrine

Hemoglobin is a molecule that attaches to ______ and carries oxygen.

erythrocytes

A diabetic patient has polydipsia. This means that she:

is excessively thirsty

which of the following organs or structures lies within the retro peritoneal space

kidneys

the - fills the entire anteroposterior depth of the right upper quadrant of the abdomen

liver

Calming and reassuring an anxious patient can be facilitated by:

maintaining eye contact with the patient whenever possible.

which of the following is not a facial bone

mastoid

The topographic term used to describe the location of body parts that are closer toward the midline of the body is:

medial

the muscle tissue of the heart is called the

myocardium

a physician who specializes in diseases of the nervous system

neurologist

An intoxicated 40-year-old male is found lying face down. How would you document his body's position?

prone

white blood cells, which are also called leukocytes, function by:

protecting the body from infection

Relative to the ankle, the knee is:

proximal

the left side of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs through the

pulmonary veins

regarding medical terminology, the foundation of the word is called the

root

Which type of communications equipment functions as a radio receiver and searches across several frequencies?

scanner

which of the following signs of respiratory distress is typically unique to infants and children

seesaw respirations

a pregnant patient is diagnosed with hyperemesis gravidarum. this means that

she has excessive vomiting.

Two-way communication that requires the EMT to "push to talk" and "release to listen" describes what mode of communication?

simplex

The electrical impulse of the heart normally begins at the:

sinoatrial node

the axial skeleton is composed of the

skull, face, thorax, and vertebral column

a body part that is nearer to the head from a specific reference point is said to be

superior

a newborn has 4 anatomic abnormalities of the heart. what prefix is used to describe this

tetra-

Large amounts of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) are generated when:

the cells function with adequate oxygen