emt chapter 4-6
in the recovery position, the patient is
on his or her side
A patient with a pneumothorax has unilateral chest expansion. This means that:
only one side of his chest rises when he inhales.
Relative to an adult's airway anatomy, the child's:
pharynx is smaller and less deeply curved
which of the following glands regulates the function of all other endocrine glands in the body
pituitary
A young male jumped from a tree and landed feet first. What aspect of his body has sustained the initial injury?
plantar
negative pressure breathing involves
a drop in pressure within the chest cavity
The term "supraventricular tachycardia" means:
a rapid heart rate that originates from above the ventricles.
Movement or motion away from the body's midline is called:
abduction
in relation to the chest, the back is
posterior
which of the following anatomic terms is synonymous with the word dorsal
posterior
a - receives messages and signals on one time frequency and then automatically retransmits them on a second frequency
repeater
How does respiration differ from ventilation?
respiration is the process of gas exchange, whereas ventilation is the simple movement of air between the lungs and the environment
As you are wheeling your patient through the emergency department doors, you receive another call for a major motor vehicle crash. You should:
respond only after giving a verbal patient report to a nurse or physician.
the - of the heart is the inferior portion of the ventricles
apex
the autonomic nervous system controls all of the following functions, except:
breath holding
When relaying patient information via radio, communications should be:
brief and easily understood
a trauma patient has a gunshot wound to the left side of the chest, away from the nipple. how should the injury location be described
anterolateral
which of the following incidents does not require a report to be filed with the local authorities
cardiac arrest
cardiac output (CO) is affected by
stroke volume and heart rate
The most distal four spinal vertebrae, which are fused together, form the:
coccyx
it is important to understand medical terminology in order to
communicate effectively with other healthcare members
All information recorded on the PCR must be:
considered confidential
Ethnocentrism is defined as:
considering your own cultural values as more important when interacting with people of a different culture.
which of the following are central pulses
femoral and carotid
The bony prominence on the lateral/superior aspect of the thigh is called the:
greater trochanter
A multiparous patient is one who:
has given birth more than once
After applying a tourniquet, the injury from a patient's leg stops bleeding. This is called:
hemostasis
enlargement of the liver
hepatomegaly
breathing occurs as the result of an
increase in carbon dioxide, which decreases the pH of the cerebrospinal fluid.
The topographic term used to describe the parts of the body that are nearer to the feet is:
inferior
a patient is diagnosed with nephritis. this means
inflammation of the kidney
12 pairs of ribs attach to which section of the spinal column
thoracic
Abnormalities in metabolism are most likely caused by dysfunction of the:
thyroid gland
during your assessment of a patient with a chest injury, you note that only one side of his chest moves when he breathes. how should you describe his chest movement
unilateral
A patient has a blood pressure of 130/70 mm Hg. The "130" represents:
ventricular contraction
skeletal muscle is also called
voluntary muscle
the root word cirrh/o means
yellow-orange
which of the following statements regarding anaerobic metabolism is correct
anaerobic metabolism produces lactic acid and occurs when cellular is limited
Contraction of the right ventricle causes:
blood to flow into the pulmonary circulation
a patient has bilateral femur fractures. this means that:
both femurs are fractured.
The exchange of oxygen and nutrients for waste products of metabolism occurs at the cellular level in the:
capillaries
the elbow is an example of a - joint
hinge
You could be sued for ___________ if your radio report to the hospital describes the patient in a manner that injures his or her reputation.
slander
Stimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system would result in:
slow heart rate
The term "pericardiocentesis" means:
the removal of fluid from around the heart.
the central nervous system is composed of the
brain and spinal cord
Together, the right and left lungs contain ____________ lobes.
5
All critical life functions are coordinated in which part of the brain?
brain stem
you are caring for a 52 year old man who complains of chest discomfort. the patient is a retired paramedic and is very anxious because he thinks he is having a heart attack. which of the following statements would be correct
"it is possible that you are experiencing a heart attack. i am going to give you four baby aspirin to chew and swallow"
you would expect a patient who is experiencing difficulty breathing to be in which of the following positions
Fowler
A patient in a semireclined position with the head elevated to facilitate breathing is in the _______ position:
Fowler's
A patient has kidney disease that is causing him severe pain. What condition does he have and what would be administered for his pain?
Nephropathy; analgesic
which of the following statements regarding communication with a child is correct
Standing over a child often increases his or her level of anxiety.
As the bronchus divides into smaller bronchioles, the terminal ends of these smaller passages form the:
alveoli
a patient with hepatomegaly has
an enlarged liver
A patient's refusal for EMS treatment and/or transport must be:
an informed refusal
a proximal numeral fracture is one that is located
at a point closest to the body
A patient lacerated the dorsal aspect of his hand. This means that the injury is:
back of hand
Any radio hardware containing a transmitter and receiver that is located in a fixed location is called a:
base station
Dead space is the portion of the respiratory system that:
contains no alveoli and does not participate in gas exchange
the patient care report (PCR) ensures:
continuity of care
When communicating with a visually impaired patient, you should:
determine the degree of the patient's impairment.
oxygen and carbon dioxide pass across the alveolar membrane in the lungs through a process called:
diffusion
During the alert and dispatch phase of EMS communications, the dispatcher's responsibilities include all of the following, EXCEPT:
discouraging the caller from providing care until the EMS unit arrives.
Pathophysiology is the study of the functional changes that occur when the body reacts to a particular
disease
A 5-year-old boy has fallen and has a severe deformity of the forearm near the wrist. He has possibly sustained a fracture of the ____________ forearm.
distal
A woman amputated the tip of her finger. Which directional term should be used to describe her injury location?
distal
A fracture of the humerus just above the elbow would be described as a:
distal humerus fracture
the medical term for painful or difficult urination
dysuria
communicating with hearing impaired patients can be facilitated by doing all of the following
elevating the tone of your voice and exaggerating word pronunciation
Key hormones of the sympathetic nervous system include:
epinephrine and norepinephrine
Hemoglobin is a molecule that attaches to ______ and carries oxygen.
erythrocytes
A diabetic patient has polydipsia. This means that she:
is excessively thirsty
which of the following organs or structures lies within the retro peritoneal space
kidneys
the - fills the entire anteroposterior depth of the right upper quadrant of the abdomen
liver
Calming and reassuring an anxious patient can be facilitated by:
maintaining eye contact with the patient whenever possible.
which of the following is not a facial bone
mastoid
The topographic term used to describe the location of body parts that are closer toward the midline of the body is:
medial
the muscle tissue of the heart is called the
myocardium
a physician who specializes in diseases of the nervous system
neurologist
An intoxicated 40-year-old male is found lying face down. How would you document his body's position?
prone
white blood cells, which are also called leukocytes, function by:
protecting the body from infection
Relative to the ankle, the knee is:
proximal
the left side of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs through the
pulmonary veins
regarding medical terminology, the foundation of the word is called the
root
Which type of communications equipment functions as a radio receiver and searches across several frequencies?
scanner
which of the following signs of respiratory distress is typically unique to infants and children
seesaw respirations
a pregnant patient is diagnosed with hyperemesis gravidarum. this means that
she has excessive vomiting.
Two-way communication that requires the EMT to "push to talk" and "release to listen" describes what mode of communication?
simplex
The electrical impulse of the heart normally begins at the:
sinoatrial node
the axial skeleton is composed of the
skull, face, thorax, and vertebral column
a body part that is nearer to the head from a specific reference point is said to be
superior
a newborn has 4 anatomic abnormalities of the heart. what prefix is used to describe this
tetra-
Large amounts of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) are generated when:
the cells function with adequate oxygen