EMT Interm 1 Quiz 1-4

The normal respiratory rate for an adult should range from: Select one: A. 12 to 20 breaths per minute. v B. 24 to 28 breaths per minute. C. 18 to 24 breaths per minute. D. 10 to 15 breaths per minute.

12 to 20

When you assess capillary refill time (CRT) in an infant, normal color to the tested area should return within: Select one: A. 2 seconds. v • B. 4 seconds. • C. 3 seconds.

2 seconds

Normal respiratory rates should not exceed breaths per minute in todlers and • а.20, 30 .b. 18, 28 с. 40,60 • d. 30,40

40,60

An unstable patient should be reassessed at least every: Select one: • A. 10 minutes. B. 15 minutes. C. 5 minutes. v • D. 20 minutes.

5 minutes

An appropriate demonstration of professionalism when your patient is frightened, demanding, or unpleasant is to: Select one: • A. ignore the patient's feelings and focus on his or her medical complaint. • B. reassure him or her that everything will be all right, even if it will not be. C. continue to be nonjudgmental, compassionate, and respectful. v D. demand the patient to be quiet and cooperative during transport.

C. continue to be nonjudgmental, compassionate, and respectful

In responsive patients that are older than 1 year of age, you should palpate the pulse at the Select one: • A. carotid • B. femoral • C. brachial • D. radial

Carotid

The most distal four spinal vertebrae, which are fused together, form the: Select one: A coccyx • B. ischium. • C. ilium. • D. sacrum.

Coccyx

Which of the following is an example of a primary prevention strategy? • a. Protecting a patient's spine from further injury after a fall from a significant height. • b. The construction of a guardrail on a dangerous curve following a fatal motor vehicle crash •C. Community awareness programs that emphasize the dangers of drinking and driving. v • d. Teaching a group of new parents how to perform one and two-rescuer infant CPR

Community awareness programs that emphasize the dangers of drinking and driving.

When you inspect a patient's pupils with a penlight, the pupils should normally react to the light by: Select one: • A. fluttering. • B. dilating. C. constricting. v • D. enlarging

Constrict

patients with deeply pigmented skin, changes in color may be apparent only in certain areas, such as the: Select one: A. lips, sclera, or oral mucosa. v • B. back of the neck. • C. forehead and face. • D. dorsum of the hand.

A. Lips scelera or oral mucosa

Which of the following descriptions MOST accurately portrays emergency medical services (EMS)? Select one: A. a team of health care professionals who are responsible for providing emergency care and transportation to the sick and injured B. a team of paramedics and emergency physicians who are responsible for providing emergency care to critically injured patients C. a system composed exclusively of emergency medical responders (EMRs) and emergency medical technicians (EMTs) who are responsible for providing care to sick and injured patients D. a vast network of advanced life support (ALS) providers who provide definitive emergency care in the prehospital setting

A. a team of health care professionals who are responsible for providing emergency care and transportation to the sick and injured

The femoral head forms a ball-and-socket joint with the: Select one: • A. ilium. • B. ischium. • C. femoral condyle. • D. acetabulum.

Acetabulum

The purpose of Quality Assurance / Quality Improvement (QA/QI) is to: Select one: • A. Refusal of Medical Attention review • B. Protocol appropriate treatment • C. Time of dispatch to arrival of ambulance D. All of the above

All of the above

Which of the following scenarios MOST accurately depicts informed consent? Select one: • A. A patient is advised by an EMT of the risks of refusing care. • B. A patient advises an EMT of why he or she is refusing care. • C. An EMT advises a patient of the risks of receiving treatment. • D. An EMT initiates immediate care for an unconscious adult.

An EMT advises a patient of the risks of receiving treatment.

Which of the following statements regarding the EMS medical director and an EMT's scope of practice is correct? Select one: • A. The EMS medical director can expand the EMT's scope of practice but cannot limit it without state approval. • B. An EMT's scope of practice may be expanded by the medical director after proper training and state approval. • C. An EMT's scope of practice is exclusively regulated by the state EMS office, not the EMS medical director. • D. The EMS medical director can expand or limit an individual EMT's scope of practice without state approval.

An EMT's scope of practice may be expanded by the medical director after proper training and state approval.

The major artery that supplies all other arteries with blood is the: Select one: • A. aorta. v • B. brachial. • C. carotid. • D. femoral.

Aorta

Which of the following is the most effective method of assessing the quality of air movement in the lungs? a. Evaluating the patient's chest for cyanosis • b. Looking for the presence of accessory muscle use. c. Auscultating breath sounds with a stethoscope v • d. Applying a pulse oximeter and monitoring the Sp02

Auscultating breath sounds with a stethoscope v

The Medical Director: Select one: • A. decides which driving laws need to be followed when responding to an emergency B determines the appropriate care for each injury, condition,or illness • C. decides if the nature of the call warrants an ambulance to be dispatched • D. is responsible for department vehicle rolling order

B determines the appropriate care for each injury, condition,or illness

Upon arriving at the scene of a motor vehicle crash, you find a single patient still seated in his car. There are no scene hazards. As you approach the vehicle, you note that the patient is semiconscious and has a large laceration to his forehead. You should: Select one: • A. apply a vest-style extrication device before attempting to move the patient. • B. direct your partner to apply manual in-line support of the patient's head. • C. slide a long backboard under his buttocks and lay him sideways on the board. • D. apply a cervical collar and quickly remove the patient with a clothes drag.

B. direct your partner to apply manual in-line support of the patient's head.

The MOST appropriate carrying device to use when moving a patient across rough or uneven terrain is the: Select one: • A. stair chair. • B. basket stretcher. v • C. wheeled stretcher. D. scoop stretcher.

Basket stretcher

When you shine a light into one pupil, the normal reaction of the other pupil should be to: a. become smaller b. become larger • c. dilate • d. not react

Become smaller

Which of the following pupillary changes would indicate depressed brain function? Both pupils constrict when a bright light is introduces Both pupils are sluggish with introduction of a bright light. v • c. Both pupils dilate when a bright light is removed • d. Both pupils react briskly to light instead of sluggishly.

Both pupils are sluggish with introduction of a bright light. v

The central nervous system is composed of the: Select one: • A. brain and sensory nerves. B. motor and sensory nerves. • C. spinal cord and sensory nerves. • D. Brain and spinal cord

Brain and spinal cord

When faced with a situation in which a patient is in cardiac arrest, and a valid living will or DNR order cannot be located, you should: Select one: • A. contact medical control first. B. determine the patient's illness. • I C. notify the coroner immediately. D. begin resuscitation at once.

D. begin resuscitation at once.

When moving a conscious, weak patient down a flight of stairs, you should: Select one: • A. assist the patient in walking down the stairs and place him or her on the wheeled stretcher at the bottom of the stairs. • B. secure the patient to a scoop stretcher and carry him or her headfirst down the stairs to the awaiting stretcher. • C. collapse the undercarriage of the wheeled stretcher and carefully carry the patient down the stairs on the stretcher. • D. place the wheeled stretcher at the bottom of the stairs and carry the patient down the stairs with a stair chair. v

D. place the wheeled stretcher at the bottom of the stairs and carry the patient down the stairs with a stair chair. v

What is the MOST appropriate method to use when moving a patient from his or her bed to the wheeled stretcher? Select one: • A. draw sheet method • B. log roll C. direct carry D. extremity carry

Draw sheet method

patient in a semireclined position with the head elevated to facilitate breathing is in the Select one: A. supine B. prone C. Fowler's v D. recovery

Fowlers

Which of the following is an example of a symptom? Select one: • A. cyanosis • B. tachycardia • C. hypertension D. headache v

Headache

The elbow is an example of a joint. ts out of 1 g question Select one: A. ball-and-socket • B. hinge v • C. gliding • D. saddle

Hinge

Obtaining continuing medical education is the responsibility of the: Select one: • A. individual EMT. • B. State Bureau of EMS. • C. EMS medical director. D. EMS training officer.

Individual Emt

The most serious consequence of a poorly planned or rushed patient move is: a. causing patient anxiety or fear. • b.. unnecessarily wasting time. • c. confusion among team members. • d. injury to you or your patient.

Injury to you or your patient

Which of the following statements regarding the power lift is correct? Select one: • A. It is not recommended for people with weak knees or thighs. • B. It is the safest and most powerful method of lifting a patient. • C. It involves using your lower back instead of your legs to lift. • D. The leg muscles should remain relaxed during the power lift.

It is the safest and most powerful method of lifting a patient.

The proper technique for using the power grip is to: Select one: • A. rotate your palms down. • B. position your hands about 6" apart. • C. lift with your palms up. v • D. hold the handle with your fingers.

Lift with your palms up

Which of the following is the MOST appropriate device to use when immobilizing a patient with a suspected spinal injury? points out of 1 Flag question Select one: • A. wheeled stretcher • B. portable stretcher • C. long backboard v • D. scoop stretcher

Long backboard

The topographic term used to describe the location of body parts that are closer toward the midline or center of the body is: out of Select one: question • A. midaxillary. • B. lateral. • C. midclavicular. • D. medial.

Medial

The person who is responsible for authorizing EMTs to perform emergency medical care in the field is the: Select one: • A. EMS administrator. • B. medical director. v • C. shift supervisor. • D. field training officer.

Medical Director

What type of medical direction do standing orders and protocols describe? Select one: A. off-line v • B. radio • C. direct • D. online

Off-line

All are components of the EMS system, except Select one: • A. Primary Prevention B. Public Education C. Participating in election campaigns • D. Personal EMS Education

Participating in election campaigns

A pulse with a consistent pattern is considered to be: Select one: • A. weak. • B. regular. v • C. strong. • D. irregular.

Regular

How does respiration differ from ventilation? Select one: • A. Respiration occurs when oxygen is delivered to the cells of the body, whereas ventilation occurs when carbon dioxide is removed. • B. Ventilation occurs when air is forced into the lungs, whereas respiration occurs when air is drawn or sucked into the lungs. • C. Respiration is the process of gas exchange, whereas ventilation is the simple movement of air between the lungs and the environment. • D. Respiration occurs when the diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract, whereas ventilation occurs when those same muscles relax.

Respiration is the process of gas exchange, whereas ventilation is the simple movement of air between the lungs and the environment.

All are EMS immobilization devices EXCEPT s out of 1 g question Select one: • A. Kendrick Extrication Device (KED) • B. long board • C. short board • D. stair chair v

Stair chair

To safely lift and carry a patient, all should be done EXCEPT: Select one: • A. Your team should understand every move. • B. Explain to the patient what you are going to do, before doing it. • C. You should wait for enough personnel before moving a heavy patient. • D. Stair chair straps are not necessary for a cooperative patient. v

Stair chair straps are not necessary for a cooperative patient. v

Which of the following abnormal breath sounds indicates obstruction of the upper airway? Select one: • A. crackles B. rhonchi C. stridor v D. rales

Stridor

When you use the palpation method to obtain a blood pressure, the measurement you obtain is the: Select one: • A. cardiac output pressure. • B. pulse pressure. • C. systolic blood pressure. v • D. diastolic blood pressure.

Systolic blood pressure

The pressure exerted against the walls of the artery when the left ventricle contracts is called the: Select one: A. diastolic pressure. B. blood pressure. • C. pulse pressure. • D. systolic pressure. v

Systolic pressure

In which of the following situations is an emergency patient move indicated? Select one: • A. A patient has an altered mental status or is in shock. B. The EMT is unable to protect the patient from scene hazards. v • C. The EMT has to gain access to lesser-injured patients in a vehicle. • D. A significant mechanism of injury is involved.

The EMT is unable to protect the patient from scene hazards.

Twelve pairs of ribs attach to what section of the spinal column? Select one: • А. соссух • В. sacral • C. thoracic v • D. lumbar

Thoracic

You are transporting a 40-year-old male with respiratory distresses The patient tells you that he recently had a positive tuberculosis (TB) skin test and is currently being evaluated for possible TB. You should: a. remain at least three feet away from the patient and apply a surgical mask on him. • b. apply a nasal cannula on the patient and a sterile surgical mask on you self. • c. apply a steruke surgical mask on yourself and a HEPA respirator on the patient d. apply a non-rebreathing mask on the patient and a high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) respirator on yourself. v

apply a non-rebreathing mask on the patient and a high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) respirator on yourself.

1 Correct 1 points out of 1 P Flag question You are called for a 35 year-old female motorcycle passenger with neck pain following an accident. Upon arrival, she is found to be walking around with on hand on her head and the other being used to hold her cell phone. She tells you she is talking with her insurance company. You should Select one: • A. realize that if she is able to walk, she should be led over to the stretcher. • B. realize that if she is able to walk, she doesn't need any evaluation or medical assistance. • C. approach her from the rear and apply manual stabilization of her cervical spine. • D. approach her from the front and apply manual stabilization of her cervical spine.

approach her from the front and apply manual stabilization of her cervical spine.

You are called for a 35 year-old female motorcycle passenger with neck pain following an accident. Upon arrival, she is found to be walking around with on hand on her head and the other being used to hold her cell phone. She tells you she is talking with her insurance company. You should question Select one: • A. realize that if she is able to walk, she should be led over to the stretcher. • B. realize that if she is able to walk, she doesn't need any evaluation or medical assistance. • C. approach her from the rear and apply manual stabilization of her cervical spine. • D. approach her from the front and apply manual stabilization of her cervical spine. v

approach her from the front and apply manual stabilization of her cervical spine. v

According to the National EMS Scope of Practice Model, an EMT should be able to: Select one: A. administer epinephrine via the subcutaneous route. B. assist a patient with certain prescribed medications. v C. insert a peripheral intravenous (IV) line and infuse fluids. D. interpret a basic electrocardiogram (ECG) rhythm and treat accordingly.

assist a patient with certain prescribed medications.

When palpating the carotid pulse of a responsive older patient, you should: Select one: A.avoid compressing both carotid arteries simultaneously. v B. ensure that his or her head is in a hyperextended position. C. firmly compress the artery because the pulse is often weak. D. avoid gentle pressure so that weak pulses can be detected.

avoid compressing both carotid arteries simultaneously. v

In relation to the wrist, the elbow is: • A. lateral. • B. proximal. v • C. distal. • D. medial.

b. proximal

Contraction of the right ventricle causes: Select one: • A. ejection of blood into the systemic circulation. • B. a return of blood from the pulmonary veins. C. closure of the mitral and aortic valves. D. blood to flow into the pulmonary circulation.

blood to flow into the pulmonary circulation.

The spread of HIV and hepatitis in the health care setting can usually be traced to: Select one: • A. careless handling of sharps v • B. a lack of proper immunizations C. excessive blood splashing D. getting too close to the patient

careless handling of sharps

Prior to using a stairchair transport, the patient should be: Select one: • A. taken off their oxygen supply. • B. first fitted for a cervical collar. • C. conscious and cooperative. • D. be given the opportunity to walk up or down the stairs.

conscious and cooperative.

If you use a waterless handwashing • a. wait at least five minutes before touching another patient. b. immediately dry your hands with a paper towel. • c. avoid donning another pair of gloves for at least 10 minutes. d. wash your hands with soap and water at the hospital.

d. wash your hands with soap and water at the hospital.

A protocol is a: • A. detailed written set of instructions to guide the care of a patient based on your evaluation v • B. list of what not to do • C. list of things that need to be done before responding to a call • D. information that is used for research

detailed written set of instructions to guide the care of a patient based on your evaluation v

Where would you most likely find information regarding a patient's wishes to be an organ donor? • a. Driver's license v • b. Voter registration card • c. Social Security card • d. Insurance card

driver's license

The leaf-shaped flap of tissue that prevents food and liquid from entering the trachea during swallowing is called the: Select one: • A. epiglottis. v • B. vallecula. • C. pharynx. • D. uvula.

epiglottis

The continuous quality improvement (CQI) process is designed to: Select one: A. provide punitive action to EMTs who do not follow local protocols. B. ensure that all EMTs maintain licensure through the state EMS office. C. identify areas of improvement and provide remedial training if needed. v D. focus specifically on the quality of emergency care provided to the patient.

identify areas of improvement and provide remedial training if needed.

If you cannot palpate a pulse in an unresponsive patient, you should: Select one: A. attach an automated external defibrillator (AED) at once. B. immediately begin cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). v C. assess for adequate breathing. D. palpate at another pulse site.

immediately begin cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).

When carrying a patient on a backboard up or down stairs: Select one: • A. keep your palms facing down. • B. keep the head end elevated. • C. carry the patient headfirst. • D. keep the foot end elevated

keep the head end elevated.

To minimize the risk of injuring yourself when lifting or moving a patient, you should: Select one: • A. flex at the waist instead of the hips. • B. avoid the use of log rolls or body drags. • C. keep the weight as close to your body as possible. v D. use a direct carry whenever possible.

keep the weight as close to your body as possible. v

The first rule of safe lifting is to: Select one: • A. keep your back in a straight, vertical position. v • B. spread your legs approximately 20" apart. • C. always lift with your palms facing down. • D. keep your back in a slightly curved position.

keep your back in a straight, vertical position.

The first rule of safe lifting is to: • a. always lift with your palms facing down. • b. keep your back in a slightly curved position. • c. spread your legs approximately 20" apart. d. keep your back in a straight, vertical position.

keep your back in a straight, vertical position.

Continuing education in EMS serves to: Select one: • A. maintain, update, and expand your knowledge and skills. ~ • B. enforce mandatory attendance to agency-specific training. C. prove research and statistical findings in prehospital care. • D. provide an ongoing review and audit of the EMS system.

maintain, update, and expand your knowledge and skills.

A palpable pulse is created by: Select one: A. pressure waves through the arteries caused by cardiac contraction. v B. electrical conduction in the heart producing ventricular contraction. • C. the pressure that is caused when venous blood returns to the heart. • D. the pressure of circulating blood against the walls of the arteries.

pressure waves through the arteries caused by cardiac contraction.

To minimize the risk of litigation, the EMT should always: Select one: • A. provide competent care that meets current standards. v • B. transport patients to the hospital of their choice. • C. use universal precautions with every patient encounter. • D. utilize at least four personnel when moving a patient.

provide competent care that meets current standards.

When using a blanket drag, you should it of 1 estion Select one: • A. pull the blanket from the patient's feet. • B. always use tape to secure the patient's hands. • C. pull the blanket from the patient's head. v • D. first put a backboard on the blanket.

pull the blanket from the patient's head. v

You and your partner respond to the scene of a 49-year-old male with acute abdominal pain. As you enter his residence, you find him lying on the floor in severe pain. He is conscious and alert. The patient appears to weigh in excess of 350 pounds. Your first action should be to: • a. request the fire department if one attempt to move him fails. • b. request additional personnel before making any attempts to lift him. v • c. encourage the patient to walk himself to the awaiting ambulance. d. assess him and then move him to the stretcher with a direct carry.

request additional personnel before making any attempts to lift him. v

Which of the following is MOST characteristic of adequate breathing in an adult? Select one: • A. respirations of 20 breaths/min and bilateral chest movement • B. respirations of 30 breaths/min and reduced tidal volume • C. cool, clammy skin and retractions above the clavicles • D. use of the accessory muscles in the neck and cyanosis

respirations of 20 breaths/min and bilateral chest movement

The standards for prehospital emergency care and the individuals who provide it are typically regulated by the: Select one: • A. regional trauma center. • B. state office of EMS. • C. American Heart Association. • D. National Registry of EMTs.

state office of EMS.

In which of the following circumstances can the EMT legally release confidential patient information? Select one: • A. a media representative inquires about the patient • B. a police officer requests a copy to place on file • C. the patient is competent and signs a release form v • D. the family requests a copy for insurance purposes

the patient is competent and signs a release form

During an EMS call, you should take standard precautions: A. any time before you load the patient into the ambulance. В. after it has been determined that the patient is bleeding • C. upon exiting the ambulance, but before actual patient contact. v • D. immediately after completion of your primary assessment.

upon exiting the ambulance, but before actual patient

The inferior cartilaginous tip of the sternum is called the: Select one: A. jugular notch. B. angle of Louis. • C. sternal notch. D. xiphoid process.

xiphoid process.

As an EMT, you may be authorized to administer aspirin to a patient with chest pain based on: Select one: • A. the patient's condition. • В. an order from a paramedic. • C. your local EMS protocols. v • D. the transport time to the hospital.

your local EMS protocols. v

Research studies show the usual order of stages of grieving are Select one: • A. Anger, Bargaining, Depression, Denial and Acceptance • B. Denial, Anger, Bargaining, Depression, and Acceptance v • C. Acceptance, Anger, Depression, Bargaining, Denial • D. Depression, Denial, Anger, Bargaining, Acceptance

• B. Denial, Anger, Bargaining, Depression, and Acceptance

The determination that prompt surgical care in the hospital is more important than performing time-consuming procedures in the field on a major trauma patient is based MOSTLY on: • A. the lead EMT's decision. • B. regional trauma guidelines. • C.EMS research. • D. local protocols.

• C.EMS research.

In which of the following situations does a legal duty to act clearly exist? • a. The EMT witnesses a vehicle crash while off duty. • b. A call is received 15 minutes prior to shift change. v • c. The EMT hears a cardiac arrest after his or her shift ends. • d. A bystander encounters a victim who is not breathing.

• b. A call is received 15 minutes prior to shift change.