ethics: Aristotle
Consequences
Which is NOT part of the Tripartite Nature of Moral Action? I.e. which would NOT be considered when evaluating the moral worth of an action?
A natural habit; a faculty of reason whereby the mind infallibly grasps 1st principles of morality
Which is the best description of Synderesis?
A Faculty in virtue of which one is capable of feeling passions
Which of the following is NOT a description of Virtue?
He has an incomplete moral development, and while he makes a rational choice for the good, he fails to follow through on that choice due to being overcome by emotion
Which of the following is characteristic of the Incontinent Man?
Nicomachean Ethics
Which of the following works of Aristotle deals with his Virtue theory?
Aquinas
Which philosopher is most closely associated with the development of Natural Law Theory?
Aristotle
Which philosopher most influenced the thought and writings of Thomas Aquinas?
Natural Law
Which type of law provides general moral principles that are accessible to all men via reason?
According to the metaphysics, there is no such thing as a purely factual description of reality, values are built into the structures of facts from the outset
Why is the Fact/Value Distinction NOT a problem for Thomistic Natural Law Theory?
It constitutes our ultimate happiness
Why ought one to be a Good or Noble person?
A Perfected state
A Faculty in the state of 2nd Grade Potency is a faculty in . . .
The capacity to be changed, or be acted upon
A Potency is a power or possibility to be actual, or a capacity for perfection (actuality). Passive Potency is . .
Intermediate between the vice of excess and the vice of defect
Defining a Moral Virtue as "a state of character concerned with choice, which lies in the mean relative to the agent," is to say that Moral Virtue is . . .
The union of desire and deliberation
For Aristotle, Choice is determined. What necessarily determines choice?
Action is voluntary so long as the moving principles are internal to the agent, the agent being a knowing originator
For Aristotle, Choice is voluntary. How can it be voluntary if it is determined?
All of the Above (repeated action, reward, punishment)
Habituation of the emotions is facilitated by the use of . . .
Holds that all human substances, i.e. individual human beings, are composed of Form and Matter
Hylomorphic Anthropology . . .
Cognitive Rational powers
Intellectual Virtue results from the perfection of which type of faculties (powers)?
True
Man alone is a moral being, for while he shares the faculty of desire with lower animals possessed of a sensitive soul, his rational soul includes additional intellectual powers not found in lower animals. Without intellectual faculties, there can be no choice, and thus no morality.
Non-Cognitive Desiderative powers
Moral Virtue results from the perfection of which type of faculties (powers)?
Moral education, training to feel and think correctly, though action and instruction
Since humans are NOT Morally Good by nature, but are born virtuously blank, they require . . .
Its essential nature and end
The Good of a thing is based on . . .
Desire and Deliberation
The Practical Syllogism accounts for Choice as a conclusion following from which 2 premises?
Truth and Goodness
The rational soul is characterized by Intellect and Will. What are the respective ends of each?
The development of a certain type of character
Virtue Ethics is concerned with . . .
The idea that absolute moral standards exist, but obligations come in degrees, higher and lower, which lessens the tension when apparent moral dilemmas arise
What is "Graded Absolutism"?
All of the above (form of body, virtue of living, first grade actuality)
What is a Soul in the Aristotelian tradition?
A principle of motion, or excitement of the soul provoked by and directed towards an object perceived as have done, as doing, or as about to do something beneficial or harmful to the perceiver
What is an Emotion?
Eudaimonia
What is man's ultimate end according to Aristotle?
The improvement of a faculty via education and training
What is required for becoming virtuous?
Good is to be done and pursued, and evil is to be avoided
What is the 1st Principle of Natural Law?
A State of Act
When a Faculty of the soul is being exercised, or used, it is said to be in . . .
Human Nature
Where does Virtue Ethics find its grounding?
He lacks proper and perfected desires
Where does the Vicious Man differ from the Virtuous Man?
In the Faculty
Where is Virtue found/located?
