Exam 1, Chalise
ULT
A ________ is a user-created unit of execution within a process. Kernel KLT lightweight process ULT
True
A design change in the structure or semantics of the process control block could affect a number of modules in the OS. True False
True
A process consists of three components: an executable program, the associated data needed by the program, and the execution context of the program. True False
Blocked
A process is in the _________ state when it is in main memory and awaiting an event. Blocked Blocked/Suspend Ready/Suspend Ready
True
A useful tool in characterizing the allocation of resources to processes is the resource allocation graph. True False
operating system
An __________ is a program that controls the execution of application programs and acts as an interface between applications and the computer hardware.
True
Any alteration of a resource by one thread affects the environment of the other threads in the same process. True False
hardware
General-purpose registers are _________ dependent
interrupts
Hardware features desirable in a batch-processing operating system include memory protection, timer, privileged instructions, and __________. clock cycles associated data interrupts kernels
False
In a two-level memory hierarchy the Hit Ratio is defined as the fraction of all memory accesses found in the slower memory. True False
starvation
In the case of competing processes three control problems must be faced: mutual exclusion, deadlock, and ________ .
False
It is possible for one process to lock the mutex and for another process to unlock it. True False
False
It takes less time to terminate a process than a thread. True False
fatal region
Once the processes have progressed into the __________ , those processes will deadlock. fatal region regional resources spinlock hold and wait
True
One of the driving forces in operating system evolution is advancement in the underlying hardware technology. True False
Cache memory
Small, fast memory located between the processor and main memory is called: Block memory Cache memory Direct memory WORM memory
process
The OS must maintain __________ tables to manage processes. process I/O memory file
monitor
The ________ is a programming language construct that provides equivalent functionality to that of semaphores and is easier to control. atomic operation coroutine critical section monitor
resource allocation graph
The _________ is a directed graph that depicts a state of the system of resources and processes, with each process and each resource represented by a node.
Program Counter (PC)
The __________ holds the address of the next instruction to be fetched. Accumulator (AC) Instruction Register (IR) Instruction Counter (IC) Program Counter (PC)
process image
The __________ is the collection of program, data, stack, and attributes defined in the process control block.
ZOMBIE
The __________ state is when the thread has terminated. ZOMBIE FREE STOP SLEEP
True
The case of cooperation by sharing covers processes that interact with other processes without being explicitly aware of them. True False
True
The dining philosopher's problem can be representative of problems dealing with the coordination of shared resources which may occur when an application includes concurrent threads of execution. True False
shared memory
The fastest form of interprocess communication provided in UNIX is __________ . shared memory message pipe semaphore
True
The first step in designing an OS to control processes is to describe the behavior that we would like the processes to exhibit. True False
terminate
The principal function of the OS is to create, manage, and ________ processes.
instruction
The processing required for a single instruction is called a(n) __________ cycle.
mutual exclusion
The requirement that when one process is in a critical section that accesses shared resources, no other process may be in a critical section that accesses any of those shared resources is ________ . critical section livelock mutual exclusion atomic operation
spawn
There are four basic thread operations associated with a change in thread state: Block, Unblock, Finish, and _________ .
bitmap operations
Two types of atomic operations are defined in Linux: integer operations and ______ .
interrupt process
When a new block of data is read into the cache the __________ determines which cache location the block will occupy.
False
With interrupts, the processor can not be engaged in executing other instructions while an I/O operation is in progress. True False
atomic operation
________ is a function or action implemented as a sequence of one or more instructions that appears to be indivisible, no other process can see an intermediate state or interrupt the operations.
Authenticity
__________ is concerned with the proper verification of the identity of users and the validity of messages or data. Availability Confidentiality Authenticity Data integrity
virtual memory
___________ is a facility that allows programs to address memory from a logical point of view, without regard to the amount of main memory physically available.
