Exam 1 (Chapters 1-2)

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1 mile =

5280 ft

oxoacid names

-ate turns into -ic -ite turns into -ous

SI prefix mega

M 10^6

gas

no fixed volume or shape

atomic weight equation

(isotopic mass)x(fractional abundance) + other isotopes

ionic name

(metal + roman numeral)(base name of nonmetal +ide)

At which point are the readings on the Celsius and Fahrenheit scales the same?

-40

Characteristics of a scientific law

-Summarizes a wide range of experimental results -predicts unknown results -hasn't been contradicted by experiments

1 mL =

1 cm^3

1 L =

1 dm^3

angstrom

10^-10 m

1 inch =

2.54 cm

ionic compound

A compound that consists of positive and negative ions, METAL + NONMETAL

anion

A negatively charged ion

cation

A positively charged ion

law of conservation of mass

Matter is not created nor destroyed in any chemical or physical change

group 1A name

alkali metals

group 2A name

alkaline earth metals

polyatomic ion

an ion consisting of two or more atoms bonded together and carrying a net charge.

monoatomic ion

an ion formed from a single atom (ex. iron(III))

SI prefix centi

c 10^-2

Binary acids

composed of hydrogen and a nonmetal

examples of exact numbers?

counting objects/objects that can't be split, exact conversion factors.

SI prefix deci

d 10^-1

density equation

d=m/v

pure substances?

elements and compounds

solids

fixed volume, fixed shape

liquids

fixed volume, no fixed shape

accuracy

how close a measurement is to the true value

binary acid names

hydro(base name +ic) acid

how many sig figs do exact numbers have?

infinite

SI prefix nano

n 10^-9

group 8A name

noble gases (not reactive)

molecular compound

nonmetal + nonmetal

SI prefix pico

p 10^-12

molecular name

prefix(first element) prefix(second element +ide)

SI prefix kilo

k 10^3

"What goes up must come down" is an example of a scientific

law

SI prefix milli

m 10^-3

"Matter is composed of atoms" is an example of a scientific

model

homogeneous mixture

a mixture that is uniform throughout (a solution)

SI prefix micro

u 10^-6

What is a scientific theory?

An explanation of natural phenomena that has undergone significant testing.

oxoacids

Are acids that contain hydrogen, oxygen, and a third element usually a nonmetal.

isotopes

Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons

Celsius conversion formula

C =5/9 x (F-32)

hydrocarbons

Compounds composed of ONLY carbon and hydrogen

organic compounds

Compounds that contain carbon

inorganic compounds

Compounds that do not contain carbon (few exceptions like CO2, CO, NaCN)

Fahrenheit conversion formula

F = 9/5 x (C+32)

The group containing the most reactive nonmetals

Group 7A

group 7A name

Halogens (very reactive)

Kelvin conversion formula

K = C + 273.15

precision

a measure of how close a series of measurements are to one another (exactness)

heterogeneous mixture

a mixture that has physically distinct components


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