Exam 1 (Chapters 1-2)
1 mile =
5280 ft
oxoacid names
-ate turns into -ic -ite turns into -ous
SI prefix mega
M 10^6
gas
no fixed volume or shape
atomic weight equation
(isotopic mass)x(fractional abundance) + other isotopes
ionic name
(metal + roman numeral)(base name of nonmetal +ide)
At which point are the readings on the Celsius and Fahrenheit scales the same?
-40
Characteristics of a scientific law
-Summarizes a wide range of experimental results -predicts unknown results -hasn't been contradicted by experiments
1 mL =
1 cm^3
1 L =
1 dm^3
angstrom
10^-10 m
1 inch =
2.54 cm
ionic compound
A compound that consists of positive and negative ions, METAL + NONMETAL
anion
A negatively charged ion
cation
A positively charged ion
law of conservation of mass
Matter is not created nor destroyed in any chemical or physical change
group 1A name
alkali metals
group 2A name
alkaline earth metals
polyatomic ion
an ion consisting of two or more atoms bonded together and carrying a net charge.
monoatomic ion
an ion formed from a single atom (ex. iron(III))
SI prefix centi
c 10^-2
Binary acids
composed of hydrogen and a nonmetal
examples of exact numbers?
counting objects/objects that can't be split, exact conversion factors.
SI prefix deci
d 10^-1
density equation
d=m/v
pure substances?
elements and compounds
solids
fixed volume, fixed shape
liquids
fixed volume, no fixed shape
accuracy
how close a measurement is to the true value
binary acid names
hydro(base name +ic) acid
how many sig figs do exact numbers have?
infinite
SI prefix nano
n 10^-9
group 8A name
noble gases (not reactive)
molecular compound
nonmetal + nonmetal
SI prefix pico
p 10^-12
molecular name
prefix(first element) prefix(second element +ide)
SI prefix kilo
k 10^3
"What goes up must come down" is an example of a scientific
law
SI prefix milli
m 10^-3
"Matter is composed of atoms" is an example of a scientific
model
homogeneous mixture
a mixture that is uniform throughout (a solution)
SI prefix micro
u 10^-6
What is a scientific theory?
An explanation of natural phenomena that has undergone significant testing.
oxoacids
Are acids that contain hydrogen, oxygen, and a third element usually a nonmetal.
isotopes
Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons
Celsius conversion formula
C =5/9 x (F-32)
hydrocarbons
Compounds composed of ONLY carbon and hydrogen
organic compounds
Compounds that contain carbon
inorganic compounds
Compounds that do not contain carbon (few exceptions like CO2, CO, NaCN)
Fahrenheit conversion formula
F = 9/5 x (C+32)
The group containing the most reactive nonmetals
Group 7A
group 7A name
Halogens (very reactive)
Kelvin conversion formula
K = C + 273.15
precision
a measure of how close a series of measurements are to one another (exactness)
heterogeneous mixture
a mixture that has physically distinct components