Exam 1: Intro- 1.4

How did Pablo Picasso respond when told that his portrait of Gertrude Stein did not look like her?

"She will."

Forms that tend to be irregular, and similar to naturally occurring objects, are known as ________ forms.

organic

In a 1941 drawing the British artist Barbara Hepworth used line to plan a ________.

sculpture

The element of art that defines the amount of space occupied by an object is ________.

volume

The oldest museum in America, the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts, was founded in:

1805

What creates the various degrees between representational and non-objective?

Abstraction

The highly polished surface of Anish Kapoor's sculpture Cloud Gate means that the viewer and the city of ________ become a part of the work, in its reflection.

Chicago

Frida Kahlo painted The Two Fridas shortly after she was divorced from which famous Mexican painter?

Diego Rivera

A graphic designer usually intends to please one individual patron.

False

Gertrude Stein was the patron of Leonardo da Vinci's Mona Lisa.

False

The critic John Ruskin popularized James McNeil Whistler's painting Nocturne in Black and Gold: The Falling Rocket by writing several positive reviews of the painting in London papers.

False

This American architect designed the Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao, Spain with an emphasis on the variety of forms and tactile surfaces. Who was this architect?

Frank Gehry

Sculptors Ralph Helmick and Stuart Schechter experimented with open volume when they created this hanging sculpture, installed in the Evanston Public Library in Illinois.

Ghostwriter

Marisol's work Father Damien was created to memorialize the heroism of a priest who lost his life helping the victims of leprosy. This sculpture stands in front of the State Capitol Building in the U.S. State of ________.

Hawaii

Girl with a Pearl Earring was painted by this Dutch artist.

Johannes Vermeer

Louise Bourgeois is an American sculptor who created a work that stands outside the Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao, Spain. What is the title of this spider-shaped sculpture?

Maman

In her work Object, a fur-lined teacup and saucer, the Swiss artist Méret Oppenheim employed subversive texture to contradict conscious logical experience. She belonged to the ________ art movement, which drew on ideas and images from dreams and the unconscious mind.

Surrealist

Two nineteenth-century French sculptors, Auguste Rodin and Constantin Brancusi, created stone works that expressed the same theme, but through different uses of the element mass. What was the title that both artists used to describe their work?

The Kiss

Agnolo Bronzino's painting of Eleonora di Toledo is categorized as fine art.

True

Artist Ai Weiwei was arrested by Chinese government officials in 2011, just three years after he had been involved in designing the stadium for the Beijing Olympics.

True

Eva Hesse's Untitled (Rope Piece) is considered highly abstract

True

In Japan, ceramic tea bowls were appreciated not just for their color, shape, and pleasing irregular surface, but as part of the experience of sipping tea.

True

James McNeil Whistler, painter of Nocturne in Black and Gold: The Falling Rocket, believed that art had intrinsic value regardless of its message or subject matter.

True

Representational artworks are also called objective.

True

The city of Los Angeles disapproved of Simon Rodia's Watts Towers.

True

The original painting of the Virgin of Guadalupe is housed in a basilica at the base of Tepeyac hill, Mexico, but many people keep their own image of her at home or in their vehicle.

True

A shape made of perfectly straight lines would probably be classified as ________ shape.

a geometric

A shape on a flat picture surface that is defined by surrounding empty space is known as ________ shape.

a positive

An upright stone that has an incised relief on its surface, such as the Maya sculpture (1.2.7), is known as ________.

a stela

Allan Houser's work Reverie is:

abstract and representational

When we touch an object we experience a tactile sensation that artists refer to as ________ texture.

actual

Agnolo Bronzino's portrait Eleonora of Toledo and Her Son, Giovanni conveys a sense of: a. wealth b. power c. luxury d. high status e. all of the other answers

all of the other answers

David Hockney emphasized the figure of Peter Schlesinger in his artwork Portrait of an Artist (Pool with two figures), using: a. scale: Peter appears to be taller than the hills in the background b. color: Peter's red jacket stands out c. implied line: the edges of the pool seem to point toward Peter d. all of the other answers e. none of the other answers

all of the other answers

In Carrie Mae Weems' Kitchen Table series, dramatic effect is achieved by doing what?

all of the other answers

Niagara Falls was a popular subject for North American artists in the second half of the nineteenth century, because it symbolized: a. America's territorial expansion b. the presence of God in nature c. grandeur d. the beauty and power of nature e. all of the other answers

all of the other answers

When using a series of squares that are exactly the same shape, implied depth can be achieved by ________.

all of the other answers

Which of the following words can be used to describe irregular lines?

all of the other answers

A line that is a continuous mark is ________.

an actual line

The sphere that designer Saul Bass created for the AT&T logo is not defined by a continuous boundary. This type of shape, which can be suggested by dots or lines that do not connect, is termed ________ shape.

an implied

A line that gives viewers the impression that they are seeing a line where there is not a continuous mark is ________.

an implied line

________ volume is a space that is enclosed by materials that are not entirely solid.

an open

In the Roettgen Pietà from fourteenth-century Germany, the shrunken, twisted body of Jesus and the oversized, anguished head of Mary are accentuated for expressive effect. This distortion of the human body, ________ form that we can all understand, makes the viewer feel uneasy and impresses on us the suffering of mother and son.

an organic

The combination of jarring vertical and diagonal lines in Vincent van Gogh's The Bedroom creates an atmosphere of ________.

anxiety

The African American artist Carrie Mae Weems is a photographer who often concentrates on personal, cultural, and racial identity in her work. In her Kitchen Table series, she uses the principle of contrast by doing what?

balancing black against white

This type of relief, which takes its name from the French word for low, does not imply great depth.

bas-relief

The French artist Pierre-Paul Prud'hon created chiaroscuro by using ________ chalk on paper

black and white

The nineteenth-century Spiritualist artist Georgiana Houghton used irregular line to create the work Glory be to God. The artist claimed that the overall composition was organized how?

by spiritual forces

In addition to alternating value, Li Cheng's A Solitary Temple Amid Clearing Peaks uses this process to give the viewer a sense that some areas are closer than others.

changing visual texture

This method of applying value to a two-dimensional artwork in order to create the illusion of a threedimensional solid form is called ________.

chiaroscuro

An artist can use color to indicate depth. When a color is very pure and intense then it seems to be ________.

closer

El Anatsui's artworks reference both ________ and ________.

colonial Africa and modern consumerism

In Pablo Picasso's Blonde Woman in Profile, the artist uses a ________ line that follows the contours of the model's profile.

continuous

Henri Matisse drew Woman Seated in an Armchair using ________ line so that he could represent her figure with great economy while being descriptive.

contour

In order to create value in his drawing Head of a Satyr, Michelangelo used both hatching and ________, a variation where the lines overlap, allowing for the depiction of darker tones.

cross-hatching

The American sculptor David Smith created sculptures of geometric forms. In his work Cubi XIX, Smith used the following geometric shape:

cuboids

The work now known as the Watts Towers was in fact given a different title by its creator. That title was ________.

d. Nuestro Pueblo

The Chinese artist Li Cheng created ________ in his work A Solitary Temple Amid Clearing Peaks by alternating bands of lighter and darker values.

depth

In James Allen's etching The Connectors, an image of workers erecting the Empire State Building, the artist created a feeling of great height by using ________ line to lead the viewer's eye diagonally downward.

directional

By orienting lines so that they attract attention to a specific area of a work of art the artist is using

directional line

In the Roettgen Pietà from fourteenth-century Germany, the artist ________ the organic forms of the bodies of Mary and Jesus in order to express pain and suffering.

distorted

The spiraling open volume of Vladimir Tatlin's Monument to the Third International was intended to give the design a feeling of ________.

dynamism

When conducting a formal analysis of a work of art, you would probably want to consider the artist's use of: a. color b. texture c. emphasis d. scale e. all of the other answers

e. all of the other answers

Which of the following can be considered part of visual culture? a. roadside billboards b. television commercials c. comic books d. oil paintings e. all of the other answers

e. all of the other answers

The positive and negative shapes in M. C. Escher's print Sky and Water I balance each other and are an example of ________.

figure-ground reversal

To imply greater depth, the sculptor who created the relief carvings on the outside of the Ara Pacis Augustae carved the figures in the ________ more deeply than those that are in the background, in order to make them stand out more.

foreground

The organic form and abstract quality of Lino Tagliapietra's sculpture, Batman, allow it to express the idea of ________.

freedom and life

A sculpture that can be viewed from more than one side and that occupies space in the same way as other real-life objects is called a ________ sculpture.

freestanding

The process of using a series of parallel lines set close to one another to differentiate planes of value in a work of art is called ________.

hatching

Ai Weiwei's S.A.C.R.E.D. depicts six dioramas of:

his experience as a prisoner

If vertical lines communicate strength, horizontals calm, and diagonals action, then a vacation resort might want to choose a logo consisting of ________ lines in order to show peaceful repose.

horizontal

The Dutch design team Sauerkids used ________ lines of dots and dashes in its work to create exciting visual rhythms.

implied

Some Jewish texts create images using this kind of line made up of small letters.

implied line

The French artist André Masson wished to explore the psychological source of creativity through his "automatic" ink drawings of ________ lines.

irregular

The ancient Egyptian artist who painted The Journey of the Sun God Re (0.0.1) on a coffin chose his subject because ________.

it expresses beliefs in an afterlife

The line created by the vein in Frida Kahlo's The Two Fridas makes reference to what personal aspect of her life?

lineage

Marisol was commissioned to create a sculpture of the Catholic missionary Father Damien. A stout figure in heavy bronze, the statue possesses a weighty ________ that communicates the strong beliefs and courageous determination of the priest.

mass

Our experience of objects in the natural world often leads us to assume that a large object will be heavy, but in fact this is not necessarily the case. This element of art is called ________.

mass

This term refers to the substance contained in an object, but it does not necessarily imply weight.

mass

In the illustration from the manga Tsubasa RESERVoir CHRoNiCLE, the artists used diagonal lines to create a strong sense of ________.

movement

A sculpture designed in the round can be viewed from ________.

nearly every angle

In her painting Music—Pink and Blue II, Georgia O'Keeffe emphasized the blue ________ space in order to attract the viewer's attention into a deep interior.

negative

American sculptors Carol Mickett and Robert Stackhouse created the work In the Blue (Crest) to imply the presence of water. The work's many empty spaces, which were created using irregular horizontal members, are an example of ________ volume.

open

This type of shape is composed of unpredictable, irregular lines.

organic

The line that defines the edge of a shape is called the ________.

outline

The lines that create the image of the Nazca Spider "drawing" define the ________ of a ________.

outline . . . shape

Louise Nevelson's work White Vertical Water is made of ________.

painted wood

By looking at the flat triangular surfaces of Disney's Spaceship Earth, the effect of light and shadow can be observed. What are these flat surfaces?

planes

The artist Dosio, in his drawing of the Church of Saint Spirito, created an impression of three dimensions by using line to show the division between ________.

planes

Mel Bochner used ________ line in the work Vertigo because it is controlled and measured.

regular

One method used to establish depth in Beda Stjernschantz's Pastoral (Primavera) involves placing figures higher or lower in the composition. This process for creating depth is called ________.

relative placement

A three-dimensional surface that is designed to be viewed from only one direction is known as a ________

relief

The ________ texture of Anish Kapoor's sculpture Cloud Gate is appealing for viewers to touch.

smooth

By using ________ texture to contradict previous tactile experience, artists can invite viewers to reconsider the world around them.

subversive

Méret Oppenheim was part of an art movement that rejected rational, conscious thought. Her fur-lined teacup and saucer, Object, conjures an unexpected and illogical sensation for the viewer by using ________ texture

subversive

Beda Stjernschantz was a member of the Symbolists, who were interested in the relationship between art and music. This was exemplified in a physiological condition known as ________, in which one of the body's senses translates the experience into another sense.

synesthesia

The medium of Marc Quinn's Self is:

the artist's own blood

In Japan, ceramic tea bowls were appreciated because ________.

they were part of a ritual that had social and spiritual importance

Hatching and cross-hatching use two-dimensional lines to communicate ________ depth.

three-dimensional

Because a form exists in "real" space, we can experience it not only visually, but also through our sense of ________.

touch

In his drawing of the Church of Saint Spirito, Dosio used line to accentuate the patterned surface of the ceiling and differentiate it from the ________.

walls