Exam 2

How much protein does a woman who weighs 61 kilograms require every day?

49 grams

Which of the following statements is true regarding protein intake recommendations?

Athletes may need slightly more protein than other healthy adults.

Which of the following foods has the highest percentage of added sugars in the U.S. diet?

Beverages

Carbohydrates have been rightly accused of being the fattening ingredient of foods; therefore, we need to avoid starchy foods

False

The majority of fat digestion takes place in the stomach.

False

Which of the following is not a desirable blood lipid level?

High LDL

A food producer wants to use a polyunsaturated oil to make a spreadable margarine. Which of the following processes should he use?

Hydrogenation

Which of the following animal-derived foods contains significant amounts of carbohydrates?

Milk

You are talking to someone who is trying to decrease his intake of saturated and trans fats. Which of the following would you recommend as a coffee whitener?

Skim milk

Dietary fiber has been recommended for its possible benefits in reducing heart disease by lowering blood cholesterol. How does fiber play a role in lowering blood cholesterol?

Soluble fiber binds with bile in the intestine and carries cholesterol out with feces.

In times of energy shortage due to inadequate carbohydrate or fat in foods, how does the body generate energy?

The amine group from the amino acids is removed and the remaining fragments are used for energy.

Which of the following statements is true of essential amino acids?

These amino acids cannot be synthesized by the body

Identify the function of protein buffers in the blood.

They pick up and release excess hydrogens from the blood to balance its pH.

Lipoproteins that are formed when lipids cluster with carrier proteins in the cells of the intestinal lining are called _____.

chylomicrons

Sugar has been implicated by many people in some major health problems. One scientifically proven effect of sugar on health is that:

consuming sweetened soft drinks every day for a few weeks results in significant changes in blood lipids

One of the approaches to managing diabetes is to:

control carbohydrate and calorie intake

Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are:

found in seafood and fish

The best way to achieve a desirable fiber intake is to include _____ in the diet.

fruits, vegetables, and grains

In a protein molecule, the standard sequence of amino acids is specified by a person's:

genes

The extent to which a food raises the blood glucose level and elevates insulin concentrations can be measured and ranked on a scale called the:

glycemic index

Compared to meat eaters, vegetarians tend to have:

healthier body weight

The main dietary factor associated with elevated blood cholesterol is

high saturated and trans fat intakes

Digestion of most starch begins in the:

mouth

Essential fatty acids:

must be supplied by the diet

When the blood glucose level rises after a meal, the first organ to respond is the:

pancreas

In a protein, a(n) _____ bond is formed between the amine group end of one amino acid and the acid group end of the next amino acid.

peptide

Cooking oils should be stored in tightly covered containers in order to

prevent the oxidation process

Removing gluten from the diet has been shown to:

resolve digestive problems in people with celiac disease

Negative nitrogen balance is seen in:

surgery patients

Jason has a high blood LDL cholesterol concentration that can lead to heart disease. A good way for Jason to lower his LDL would be to:

use fat-free milk in place of whole milk