Exam 2- Chapters 6-8
how many vertebrae are in each region: cervical, thoracic, lumbar, and sacrum?
7; 12; 5; (5 fused to form)1 sacrum
the anatomical term for a depression found in a bone is:
a fossa
bones are held together by ligaments called interosseous membranes in:
a syndesmosis
a knob or enlargement on a bone is:
a tubercle or tuberosity
new chondrocytes and new matrix are added on the outside of the tissue in ___ growth of cartilage.
appositional
deposition of new bone lamellae onto existing bone or connective tissue:
bone growth
the primary mineral in bone is:
calcium
the humerus articulates with the radius at the:
capitulum
chondroblasts produce
cartilage matrix
the shaft of the bone is known as the:
diaphysis
the trochlea is located ____ on the humerus
distaly
the site of growth in length is the:
epiphyseal plate
the bone that articulates with the acetabulum is the:
femur
a joint that has no joint cavity and exhibits little or no movement would be classified as a:
fibrous joint
the lateral malleolus is part of the:
fibula
the dens or odontoid process is on the:
first cervical vertebrae
the spaces between developing skull bones that have not ossified are called:
fontanels
proteoglycan molecules in the matrix of cartilage:
give cartilage its resilient nature
a protrusion of the nucleus pulposus causes a:
herniated disc
the deltoid tuberosity is found on the:
humerus#
the largest most superior coxal bone is the:
ilium
parathyroid hormone:
is secreted by the parathyroid glands causes an increase in the breakdown of bone increases levels of blood calcium in body indirectly stimulates osteoclast activity
what is an exaggerated thoracic curvature of the vertebral spine?
kyphosis
mature bone in sheets where fibers are oriented in one direction in each layer but in different direction in different layers for strength is called:
lamaellar bone
moving the mandible to the side is an example of:
lateral excursion
increased concavity of the lumbar vertebrae is called:
lordosis
plantar flexion and dorsiflexion are:
opposites
when blood calcium levels are too low ___ activity increases to ensure calcium homeostasis
osteoclast
if blood calcium levels are too high____ activity decreases, while ____ activity increases
osteoclast, osteoblast*
what type of bone cells lie in lacunae?
osteocytes
the outer surface of bone is covered by a connective tissue layer called the:
periosteum
standing on your toes is an example of:
plantar flexion
rotating the forearm so that the palm faces posteriorly is called:
pronation# (rotation*)
what movements are possible at the hip or coxal joint?
rotation, flexion, adduction, circumduction
what is an example of a set of fused bones in an adult?
sacral bone#
the joint uniting the parietal and temporal bones is the:
squamous suture
you turn the doorknob clockwise with your right hand. what movement does your hand make?
supination #
the functions of the skeletal system are:
support and protection movement and leverage blood cell production storage of minerals
fibrous joints between the bones of the skull are called:
sutures*
the junction of two pubic bones is the:
symphysis pubis
a band of connective tissue that attached a muscle to a bone
tendon
the heel of the foot is what bone?
the calcaneous
the acromion process articulates with what bone?
the clavicle
what section of the vertebral column curves posteriorly?
thoracic
the sagittal suture is between:
two parietal bones
the opening in the vertebrae for the spinal cord is the:
vertebral foramen