EXAM 2 NUT

When would be the best time to use a protein-rich energy bar?

1 hour after

Read the Discussion section of the research article. According to data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, approximately ______ of older adults comply with recommendations to consume <1500 milligrams of sodium per day.

1%

For each of the following meal options, choose the one that would supply the most of the given micronutrient.

1. Orange Juice, 2. Spinach, 3. cheerios, 4. diet cola

Lino is a linebacker on his college football team. He is concerned about achieving adequate hydration during intense, hot summer football practices. Lino weighs himself before and after practice and notices that he loses five pounds by the time practice is over. How many cups of water should he drink to replace these fluid losses?

10 to 15 cups

Anthony is a 42-year-old male who recently lost 50 pounds by increasing his exercise and eating small, frequent meals. Now that he is in a weight-maintenance phase, his trainer recommends doing exercise for 90 minutes per day, most days of the week, at 60% to 70% of his maximum heart rate. How many heartbeats per minute is 60% to 70% of his maximum heart rate?

107-125

How many tablets would Amy take per day she were feeling ill?

16 to 24

Read the Discussion section of the research article. What is the average daily sodium intake among older adults?

3100 mg

This beverage is packaged in a 20-ounce bottle. How much sugar would you consume if you drank the whole bottle?

33g

As the half-marathon approaches, and in order to increase his glycogen stores and reduce the likelihood of fatigue, Anthony is interested in increasing the percentage of total calories in his diet coming from carbohydrate. If he is eating 2,500 kcal per day during the training period, and if he wants 60% of his calories per day to come from carbohydrate, how many grams of carbohydrate should he be eating per day?

375 g

While breastmilk has a near-perfect nutritional profile for infants, breastmilk is low in vitamin D. Formula-fed infants who do not receive much sunlight may also be at risk for vitamin D deficiency. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that all children receive how much vitamin D per day?

400 IU

Do the amounts of any of the B vitamins in the Nature Made® supplement exceed the UL?

50mg

A prenatal vitamin and mineral supplement contains 4000 IU vitamin A in the form of beta-carotene. This amount is equivalent to how many RAEs?

606

What is the best recommendation for fluid intake for athletes?

>2%

Prior analysis of the WHI-CaD trial showed that supplementation with calcium and vitamin D modestly reduced risk of hip fracture. The analysis presented in this paper added to the original analysis because the researchers analyzed

All the choices

The body has two principal defense mechanisms against free radicals: antioxidant enzyme systems and antioxidant chemicals. Several micronutrients play critical roles in these defense mechanisms. Classify each of the following nutrients based on its involvement in antioxidant enzyme systems or its role as an antioxidant chemical.

Anti-oxidant chemical: Beta, Vitamin E & C

These individuals meet some, but not all of the criteria for diagnosis with anorexia nervosa, bulimia, nervosa, or binge-eating disorder. Match each case with an appropriate diagnosis.

Atypical Anorexia- Jalynn NervosaBulimia Nervosa of Low Frequency- Tara Bulimia Nervosa of Limited Duration- Katy Binge-Eating Disorder of Limited Duration- Gary Binge-Eating Disorder of Low Frequency- Connie

Gabe was reading an article in a muscle magazine that said a particular world-champion body builder regularly eats a dozen raw egg whites per day. From his recent nutrition studies, Gabe surmised that the body builder is at risk for developing a deficiency of ______ because a protein in raw egg whites binds to this nutrient and prevents it from being absorbed.

Biotin

Which ingredient on the 5-Hour Energy label is most likely responsible for the energy boost it delivers?

Caffeine

Which mineral is most important throughout life to assist in maintaining strong bone?

Calcium

Tetany is a condition in which the muscles are unable to relax, leading to stiffness and involuntary twitching. Problems with which of the following functions of calcium could contribute to tetany?

Calcium assists, calcium is required

People with ______ may experience gastrointestinal distress when they consume gluten.

Celiac disease

Iron deficiency is the most common form of anemia. What role does iron play in the health of red blood cells?

Component of hemoglobin

Click on the ABOUT WHI link to learn more about the Women's Health Initiative. The primary objective of the WHI Hormone Therapy trial was to assess the effects of post-menopausal hormone replacement therapy on risk for ______.

Coronary Heart Disease

An excess of free radicals can cause damage to cell components, but some free radicals actually have beneficial roles. Which of the following is a beneficial role of free radicals in the body?

Destruction

For vitamin E, use the % Daily Value to calculate the milligrams that would be in this larger dose. How does this compare to the UL for vitamin E?

Dose exceeds

Review the Methods section of the research article. What tool did the researchers use to assess each subject's eating disorder diagnosis and severity?

EDE

Which of the following are functions of water in the body?

EVERYTHING.

Several technologies exist today to help health care professionals determine osteoporosis risk. Check all of the following methods that are used to assess bone health.

EVERYTHING. Except: Bioelectric

The rationale for strict sodium limits is to reduce risk of

EVERYTHING. Except: alzheimers

Research also indicates that sodium restriction may adversely affect

EVERYTHING. Except: bone health & blood clotting

People who follow a vegan diet (a diet with no animal products) are at increased risk for vitamin B-12 deficiency. Which of the following are good sources of vitamin B-12 for a vegan?

EVERYTHING. Except: cows milk

Aside from food and beverage intakes, hydration and fluid status are affected by a number of additional factors. Which of the following factors influence water loss?

EVERYTHING. Except: day of the week

Foods that are rich in potassium also tend to be low in

EVERYTHING. Except: dietary fibers

Although approximately 85% of phosphorus in the body is found in the bones, the other 15% that exists in the blood, soft tissues, and extracellular fluids has a wide range of functions. From the list below, check all of the functions of phosphorus.

EVERYTHING. Except: enhances calcium absorption

Several systems regulate the pH of body fluids within a very narrow range. Which of the following are possible consequences of deviations in the pH of body fluids?

EVERYTHING. Except: fishy body odor

Which of the following are roles of copper in the human body?

EVERYTHING. Except: fluid balance

Which of the following factors limit vitamin B-12 absorption and thereby may lead to vitamin B-12 deficiency?

EVERYTHING. Except: high intake of animal proteins

In bone, magnesium contributes to bone strength and rigidity, but it also has multiple other roles in the body. Which of the following are roles of magnesium?

EVERYTHING. Except: in contrast

Which of the following are true about chloride?

EVERYTHING. Except: increasing chloride

Levels of calcium in the blood are tightly regulated. When blood levels of calcium start to drop below normal, which of the following physiological responses may take place?

EVERYTHING. Except: liver releases

Although it can progress unnoticed for many years, hypertension wreaks havoc on the human body, so adults should have their blood pressure screened periodically. Hypertension contributes to which of the following conditions?

EVERYTHING. Except: osteoporosis

Foods that are high in potassium also tend to be high in

EVERYTHING. Except: sodium

Lino has a strong family history of cardiovascular disease and he is worried about his father, who is quite unhealthy. Lino's paternal grandfather (his dad's dad) had high blood pressure and died of a stroke, and Lino's own father has atherosclerosis. His dad is a smoker who doesn't do any exercise and he is also very thin. Which of the following are risk factors for hypertension?

EVERYTHING. Except: thin frame

While dehydration is problematic, over-consumption of water can also be harmful. Which of the following statements accurately describe over-consumption of water?

EVERYTHING. Except: water intoxication can cause death

Which of the following statements about caffeine in energy shots is false?

FDA requires

Bottled water is regulated by the ______, whereas tap water is regulated by the ______.

FDA,EPA

All prenatal vitamins sold in the United States contain 100% of the Daily Value for iodine.

False

Dietary sodium intake was directly related to incidence of cardiovascular disease and heart failure.

False

Enzymes increase the activation energy for chemical reactions to take place.

False

If your B vitamin status is already adequate, taking additional B vitamins will further enhance your energy levels.

False

Other than increasing mental alertness, there are no health benefits of caffeine consumption.

False

Participants in the WHI clinical trial were not allowed to take any other dietary supplements besides the treatment or placebo.

False

Supplementation with chromium is an evidence-based treatment for type 2 diabetes.

False

The effects of folic acid and vitamin B-12 supplementation on cognitive status were evident immediately after starting the treatment.

False

The low fat content of vitamin D-fortified orange juice limits the bioavailability of vitamin D.

False

Which of the following recommendations is most appropriate concerning the role of carotenoids in disease prevention?

Foods

Which of the following dietary factors contributed most to dietary total antioxidant capacity?

Fruits and vegetables

Match the following iron-related terms with their definitions.

Heme iron: dietary, derived from hemoglobin and myo Nonheme iron: dietary, is not derived from^ Hemoglobin: Iron containing Hematocrit: percentage Hemochromatosis: disorder

The Upper Level for vitamin E is 1000 mg per day of supplemental alpha-tocopherol. Which of the following is an outcome of vitamin E toxicity?

Hemorrhage

Categorize the following foods according to their sodium contents.

High Sodium: deli-meat, canned soup, cheese

Determine whether each of the following scenarios tends to increase or decrease potassium levels.

Increases: eating a diet

Iron is carefully conserved by the body and its absorption is affected by a number of factors. Determine whether each factor tends to increase or decrease iron absorption.

Increases: pregnancy, consuming meat, adolescent growth

Several of the vitamins or minerals involved in bone health also play important roles in prevention of chronic disease. Match each micronutrient with its role in disease prevention.

Influences: Vitamin D, Abnormalities: Magnesium, Blood-lipid: calcium

Vitamin D is unique in that it can be obtained by the diet but also is synthesized inside the body when a cholesterol-like substance is activated by sunlight and converted to the prohormone vitamin D. Which of the following organs participate in vitamin D synthesis as a result of sunlight exposure?

Kidneys, skin, liver

If you want to increase the polyphenol content of your cup of tea, you should

Let the tea seep

Anemia can result from deficiency of a number of different micronutrients. Features of the red blood cells, such as size and color, can help health professionals to determine the cause of anemia. Classify the following micronutrients based on whether deficiencies lead to macrocytic (megaloblastic) or microcytic anemia.

Macro: folate, vitamin b-12

The primary function of thyroid hormone is to regulate

Metabolic rate

Animal sources of iron are ______ bioavailable than plant sources of iron.

More

Compared to people with fair skin, individuals with dark skin pigmentation require ______ sun exposure to synthesize adequate vitamin D.

More

What diet and supplement advice would you offer to Amy?

MyPlate

Soaking corn in a basic solution (such as lime water) releases protein-bound ______ to improve the bioavailability of this nutrient.

Niacin

Which of the following B vitamins is especially important as a coenzyme in fat synthesis?

Niacin

Typical American diets tend to promote a chronic state of inflammation, which likely contributes to risk for many chronic diseases. Classify the following dietary components as pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory.

PRO: Refined Carbs, Sat Fat, Added Sugars, Excess Calories

Vitamin K exists in several forms. Match each form with its description.

Phylloquinone: synthed by green plants Menaquinone: synthed by bacteria Menadione: synthetic form

Irregular heartbeat is a sign of low blood levels of which of the following electrolyte minerals?

Potassium

What nutrient deficiency is most likely causing his problems around the mouth?

Riboflavin

Vitamin D deficiency during childhood leads to a condition of weak and malformed bones known as ______.

Rickets

Refer to the Methods section. What tool did the researchers use to assess substance abuse?

Schedule

Which of the following describes the antioxidant activity of selenium?

Selenium required for glutathione

You know that vitamin D is fat soluble. Does this mean you need the fat in whole milk to absorb vitamin D? Researchers at Boston University compared the bioavailability of vitamin D from whole milk, skim milk, and fortified orange juice. Look through the research article (see LINK TO ARTICLE). Results of this study showed that bioavailability of vitamin D was

Similar

A variety of factors can influence osteoporosis risk. From each of the following pairs, click to select the factor that increases osteoporosis risk.

Slender, Female, Smoker, Black

If Andrew does have a deficiency of the nutrient you identified, what foods can be added to Andrew's vegan, gluten-free diet to resupply this nutrient?

Spinach,...

To prevent fractures, which of the following is a reasonable application of the results of this study?

Strive to meet

From each pair, click to select the factor that increases vitamin D synthesis.

Summer, Texas, 23, outdoors

Which of the following is not considered a weight-bearing activity?

Swimming

Use the % Daily Value to calculate the milligrams of vitamin C in this larger dose. How does this compare to the UL for vitamin C?

The dose exceeds

SELECT was planned as a 12-year trial, but was halted prematurely at 7 years. Why was SELECT discontinued early?

There was no evidence

Match each trace mineral to its function in energy metabolism.

Thyroid: Iodine, Insulin: Chromium, Amino acids: mang, moly

Click to select the foods that are good sources of calcium. (A good source is one that provides at least 10% of the Daily Value for a nutrient.)

Tofu, spinach, OJ, milk, salmon

ADH travels to its target cells via the bloodstream.

True

Considering Andrew's dietary restrictions, a daily multivitamin and mineral supplement would be useful to prevent micronutrient deficiencies.

True

If a cell is placed in an isotonic medium, there will be no net movement of water.

True

Sarah's treatment is likely to involve supplementation with a multivitamin and mineral supplement along with additional calcium and vitamin D.

True

The adolescents with higher frequency of binge-purge behavior were more likely to use or abuse substances.

True

True or false: Calcium-fortified orange juice contains vitamin D in amounts comparable to fortified cow's milk.

True

There are two types of osteoporosis. Classify each statement according to whether it is a characteristic of type 1 or type 2 osteoporosis.

Type 1: 50-60, affects trabecular bone more, menopause

What is the main drawback of consuming supplements containing far more than the Daily Value of B vitamins?

Waste of money

Gabe was experiencing fatigue, despite sleeping eight hours per night. He went to the doctor and was diagnosed with iron-deficiency anemia. In addition to an iron supplement, the doctor recommended he eat iron-fortified breakfast cereals. Which food would be the best accompaniment for his iron-fortified breakfast cereal and why?

a cup of OJ

The balance between bone resorption and synthesis changes over the lifespan. Which of the following best describes bone remodeling in a 45-year-old adult?

activity of osteoclasts, leading to a net decrease in bone mass

Which of the following helps to explain why weight management is important for cancer prevention?

adipose tissue

The coenzyme form of thiamin (thiamin pyrophosphate) assists enzyme activity by

adjusting

What was the researchers' hypothesis?

adolescents with more frequent

Which of the following ethnic groups is at increased risk for hypertension?

african-americans

Review the Results section and examine Figure 1. Among the 290 study participants, the most commonly used substance was

alcohol

The B vitamin intake of most North Americans is adequate because B vitamins are widespread in our diets. However, which of the following population groups is most susceptible to overt deficiencies of B vitamins?

alcoholics

Consuming 30 to 60 grams of carbohydrates per hour during endurance exercise

all the choices

Fluid needs of athletes vary based on

all the choices

Supplementation with 400 micrograms of folic acid and 100 micrograms of vitamin B-12 may be useful for older adults

all the choices

The Dietary Guidelines for Americans advise us to limit sodium in our diets. What is the purpose of the sodium in this energy gel?

all the choices

The sugar content of energy beverages is higher than that of sports drinks. For example, an 8.4-ounce can of Red Bull provides 27 grams of sugar, whereas an equivalent volume of Gatorade provides just 14 grams of sugar. This extra sugar may

all the choices

Why is it a bad idea to mix energy beverages with alcohol?

all the choices

You consider that your roommate might just be trying to draw attention to herself, and that this drama will pass in a few weeks. However, why shouldn't you ignore her behavior?

all the choices

Sarah appears to have an eating disorder. Which eating disorder best describes her behavior?

anorexia

Vanessa is a new mom who is experiencing many of the pressures of having a new baby. She has always been thin and was alarmed by the weight she gained during pregnancy. In order to take the weight off, she went on a crash diet and now weighs less than she did before pregnancy. She was inspired by this weight loss and has continued to restrict her calories. She is now at 80% of her expected body weight and has expressed to her husband that she is still too fat. She avoids eating with other people and tries to eat less than 500 calories per day. What eating disorder does Vanessa have?

anorexia

Which of the following eating disorders is most often characterized by an extreme fear of weight gain?

anorexia

A chronic condition characterized by the buildup of fatty material (plaque) inside an artery is called

atherosclerosis

Fluid should be consumed

before, during, and after

Choosing plastic containers with a recycling code of 2 or 4 will reduce exposure to which of the following?

bisphenol A

The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that all infants and children, starting shortly after birth, have a minimum daily intake of 400 IU of vitamin D. Infants are likely to require supplemental vitamin D because

breast milk

Beverly is a college student who has been exercising regularly but still gained an unexpected amount of weight over the past year. Her roommate noticed that Beverly has been increasingly preoccupied with her weight and is immediately excusing herself to the bathroom after meals. Beverly eventually admits to her roommate that she makes herself throw up after eating because she feels so guilty about all of the calories she just consumed. Which of the following most accurately describes Beverly's condition?

bulimia

Comparing the different eating disorders, regular substance use was most common among adolescents with

bulimia

Vitamin D regulates the absorption of ______ from the small intestine.

calcium and phosphorus

The total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of the diet was determined by

calculating oxygen

As the intensity of exercise increases, the proportion of ______ used to fuel activity increases.

carbohydrates

Match each of the following carotenoids with a good food source.

carrots:Beta, spinach:Lutein, tomatoes:Lyco

When B vitamins are consumed in their coenzyme forms,

co enzymes are broken down

If a health professional determines that your roommate is suffering from bulimia nervosa, her treatment will likely involve

cognitive

______ refers to stunted growth and developmental delays in a child whose mother was deficient in iodine during pregnancy.

congenital

Several phytochemicals, such as lycopene and resveratrol, may help the body ward off cancer. What is the best way to incorporate phytochemicals into your diet?

consume a variety

In addition to the macronutrients it provides, the energy bar makes a significant contribution to meeting the Daily Value for several vitamins and minerals. What is a potential concern when consuming highly-fortified food products?

consuming...

Click to select each food choice that would add at least 10 grams of protein to Michael's dietary pattern. It may be helpful to look up the food items with NutritionCalc Plus.

cottage cheese, beans, and chicken breast

Gabe's grandfather has a history of heart disease and he takes the prescription drug Coumadin (warfarin) to prevent blood clots. Gabe's grandfather should avoid large increases in his intake of ______ because ______ can reduce the effectiveness of his anticoagulant medication.

dark green leafy, vitamin K

ADH functions to

decrease urine volume output and cause blood vessel constriction

In addition to the nutrients listed on the Nutrition Facts label, this energy gel also contains 100 mg caffeine. What is the potential advantage of caffeine for athletic performance?

decreased perception

As altitude increases, the concentration of oxygen in the air ______.

decreases

As exercise duration increases, use of muscle glycogen

decreases

Despite a vigorous training schedule and careful meal planning, Anthony "hit the wall" at mile 12 of his half-marathon and he had to walk the last mile. To what can his inability to finish the race most likely be attributed?

depletion of glycogen

Which of the following statements is true about the link between carbohydrate intake and cancer?

diets with high gly

A catechin in tea that has been studied for its effects on reducing risk for cancer and dementia is

epi

Some people believe that simply eating more protein increases muscle mass. While adeqaute protein intake provides the building blocks for synthesis of new muscle tissue, repetitive stress on the muscles (through exercise) is necessary to increase muscle mass. Excessive protein intake can actually be harmful. Which of the following are possible consequences of excessive protein intake?

everything

Michael's training diet may be low in several micronutrients. Deficiencies of ______ can lead to fatigue.

everything except calcium

Carbohydrates are an important macronutrient for fueling muscles. During exercise, where can the body get carbohydrates?

everything except production

Although exercise is beneficial for almost all populations, there are some health situations that require medical evaluation before beginning an exercise routine. Check all of the following situations that require medical evaluation before beginning regular physical activity.

everything except the 38 year old

Although moderate weight-bearing exercise has a positive effect on the development and maintenance of bone mass, excessive exercise can be detrimental to bone health for women. Which of the following explains why excessive exercise can be detrimental to bone health?

excessive exercise

Which of the following is the MOST important predictor of an eating disorder?

extreme

Subjects with anorexia nervosa were more likely than other subjects to use tobacco due to its appetite suppressant properties.

false

You should confront your roommate and tell her you have observed her behavior and you have diagnosed her with bulimia.

false

Jill is an elite gymnast. She is 16 years old and knows that this upcoming year will be her last shot to make the U.S. team to compete in the world championship. Her coaches have been pressuring her to keep her weight down and Jill has begun restricting her calories to less than 1,200 per day. On days during which she eats more than 1,200 calories, she takes a laxative to help purge the extra energy. Her weight has stayed low but lately she has stopped menstruating. Last week she fell off the balance beam and fractured her ankle. A bone density study showed that she is at risk for developing osteoporosis. Which of the following most accurately describes Jill's condition?

female athlete triad

The energy bar provides some fuel for exercise, but during the race, you would need to consume additional

fluid

As a mother of young children, Laura is concerned about her kids' dental health because they live in a community that does not have fluoridated water. Fluoride helps protect against dental caries. Where else can her kids get fluoride?

fluoridated

Which of the following is the best food source of many B vitamins involved in energy metabolism?

fortified cereal

Nutrition therapy for Sarah's eating disorder is likely to involve

gradual increase

The researchers sent out initial screening surveys to 105,000 Australian adults between 60 and 74 years of age. In order to participate in the study, the subjects had to

have moderate

Iron is part of the hemoglobin in red blood cells. What is the purpose of hemoglobin?

hemoglobin transports oxygen

While studying Egyptian anthropology, Lino was surprised to learn that zinc deficiency was common among certain Middle Eastern populations, even though their diet was high in zinc-containing foods. What caused the zinc deficiency in these populations?

high amount of phytic acid

Some athletes are at higher risk for developing eating disorders because of the importance of and focus on weight in their sport. Determine whether each athlete is at high or low risk for developing an eating disorder based on his or her sport.

high-risk: jockey, wrestler, gymnast, dancer

Most plasma free fatty acids arise from

hydrolysis of stored fat

How does phosphorus contribute to bone health?

hydroxy crystals

Dehydration is detected by osmoreceptors in the

hypothalamus

Based on the results of this study, which dietary change is most likely to reduce risk of stroke among women?

incorporate additional servings

The treatment of anorexia nervosa must include a multi-disciplinary approach, utilizing the expertise of experienced physicians, registered dietitians, psychologists, and other health professionals. The registered dietitian oversees nutrition therapy. What is the initial objective of nutrition therapy in anorexia nervosa recovery?

increase oral

As exercise duration increases, the amount of plasma free fatty acids used for energy

increases

The WHI-HR trial was stopped early because

interim, increased

How would you summarize the relationship between dietary TAC and risk of stroke?

inversely associated

Buildup of plaque in the blood vessels that supply the brain increases risk for

ischemic stroke

During anaerobic cell metabolism, athletes sometimes complain of short-term muscle fatigue. What can be causing this fatigue?

lactic acid & muscle cells

During endurance exercise, protein can contribute up to 15% of energy needs, especially when muscle glycogen stores are depleted. Which of the following amino acids is most likely to be metabolized for energy?

leucine

Full recovery from the eating disorder may never occur, but which of the following principles will maximize Sarah's chances of success?

long term follow-up

The researchers observed that substance abuse was two times more common among adolescents with bulimia nervosa than among those with anorexia nervosa. They hypothesize that bulimia nervosa and substance abuse are connected by which of the following traits?

loss of control

Does the cost of this supplement seem reasonable? How does it compare to the cost of a typical multivitamin/mineral supplement available at your local drug store?

more expensive

Vitamin B-12 is important for the synthesis of ______, which serves to insulate nerve cells.

myelin

One symptom of B vitamin deficiencies is depression, due to the role of several B vitamins in ______ synthesis.

neurotransmitter

Which of the following medications is FDA-approved for treatment of Sarah's eating disorder?

no medications

Of the following lifestyle factors, which contributes most to risk for hypertension?

obesity

The simplest way to determine if your fluid intake is adequate is to

observe color

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is released by the

pituitary gland

Manganese is found primarily in foods of ______ origin.

plant

Besides caffeine, coffee and tea contain hundreds of other chemicals, many of which have potential activities in the body. Some of these compounds are known to have potent antioxidant properties. Many of the disease-fighting effects of coffee and tea are probably attributable to ______, which act as antioxidants.

poly

High dietary intake of ______ is associated with reductions in blood pressure.

potassium

Which of the following macronutrients are in short supply in Michael's training diet?

protein & fat

Consuming large amounts of ______ may contribute to fatigue.

refined carbohydrates

How does obesity (BMI >30) affect vitamin D availability?

release of vitamin d

Partway through the study, the researchers switched from providing the dietary supplements in one large dose per day to two smaller doses per day. Why did they make this decision?

results of another study

As you peruse the convenience store shelves, which is the best choice to take along to the student recreation center for your workout?

reusable

Which of the B vitamins has an antioxidant role?

riboflavin

Click to select the foods that are good sources of vitamin D. (A good source is one that provides at least 10% of the Daily Value for a nutrient.)

salmon, milk

To improve his overall strength, Anthony has been lifting weights in addition to running. He is now focusing on the nutrient mix of his post-workout recovery snack. Which snack is ideal for recovery after weight training?

sandwich

The subjects who received the folic acid + vitamin B-12 supplement experienced ______ increases in blood homocysteine compared to the control group.

smaller

Scores on the TICS-M instrument, used to measure cognitive function, improved over time in both the treatment and control groups. What is a likely explanation?

subjects are experienced

Other than adequate B vitamins, what dietary component is necessary to ensure optimal energy levels?

sufficient

In the United States, ______ is fortified with iodine.

table salt

A deficiency of ______ can result in beriberi, a disease that involves muscle weakness and lack of muscular coordination.

thiamin

Which of the following statements about diagnosis of eating disorders is true?

victims are likely

Although most water-soluble vitamins have low risk of toxicity, excess ______ can accumulate in tissues and lead to nerve damage.

vitamin b-6

Which of the following medications was recently approved for treatment of binge-eating disorder?

vyvanse

An athlete who follows a carbohydrate-loading regimen in the days leading up to a race will have increased muscle stores of both glycogen and

water

Energy gels are easily portable for the race and help to replenish carbohydrates, but they do not supply enough

water

Use the % Daily Value to calculate the micrograms of selenium in this larger dose. How does this compare to the UL for selenium?

within normal limits

Does dehydration adversely affect sports performance?

yes

Evaluate Mark's diet using NutritionCalc Plus. Is he meeting the minimum recommendations of MyPlate's Daily Food Plan for his calorie needs?

yes

Is the high-carbohydrate diet a good idea during Michael's training?

yes