EXAM 3 BIO - DR. LACKEY Through a microscope, you can see a cell plate beginning to develop across the middle of a cell and nuclei forming on either side of the cell plate. This cell is most likely

Prophase

first stage after interphase chromosomes condense here

genotype

genetic makeup so answer w letters

Single-stranded DNA binding proteins

holds the DNA strands apart while they're being replicated

Ligase

joins Okazaki fragments together seals free ends

Besides the ability of some cancer cells to over proliferate, which of the following situations is most likely to result in a tumor

lack of appropriate cell death

Cytokinesis

last stage division of cytoplasm where 1 cell becomes 2

Which of the following statements correctly describes the difference between the leading strand and the lagging strand in DNA replication?

leading strand synthesized CONTINUOUSLY in 5'-->3' lagging strand DISCONTINUOUSLY 5'-->3'

Transcription

obtaining a copy of the info in a gene as a strand of messenger RNA

Semiconservative replication involves a template. Which of the following best describes the template molecule?

one strand of the DNA molecule

Through a microscope, you can see a cell plate beginning to develop across the middle of a cell and nuclei forming on either side of the cell plate. This cell is most likely _______ cell going through

plant cell in the process of cytokinesis because plant cells fuse creating a new cell along the midline has a continuous cell wall because of this

In pansies, purple (P) is dominant to yellow (p). What is the phenotype of a Pp pansy?

purple

Topoisomerase

relieving strain in the DNA ahead of the replication fork caused by the untwisting of the double helix

Synthesis

the S phase - apart of interphase DNA quantity in the cell doubles NOT the chromosomes though

The drug latrunculin inhibits normal chromosomal behavior. If sperm were treated with latrunculin at the end of metaphase I/beginning of anaphase I of meiosis, what is the first step of meiosis that would not occur correctly

the homologous chromosome pairs would not separate from each other

Sexual and asexual reproduction are alike in that _____

they both can occur in multicellular organisms

Metaphase

third phase of mitosis chromosomes line up in a single file straight line

The microtubule-organizing center found in animal cells is the centrosome

True

The region on duplicated chromosomes where the sister chromatids are most closely attached to each other is known as the centromere

True

Genetic variation occurs when chromosomes are shuffled during

crossing over and independent assortment

Five (5) cells with 6 chromosomes in G1 enter cell division at the same time. How many total cells do you end with after cytokinesis?

10

If 5 cells w/ 10 chromosomes undergo cytokinesis I, how many cells are present after

10

If there are 24 centromeres in a cell at anaphase of mitosis, how many chromosomes will be found in each daughter cell following cytokinesis?

12

A single gene in a diploid human cell may have up to _____ different alleles

2

What do chromosomes in cytokinesis look like (I or X)

2 separate cells

If 5 cells w/ 10 chromosomes undergo cytokinesis II, how many cells are present after

20

A group of cells is assayed for DNA content immediately following mitosis and is found to have an average of 10 picograms of DNA per nucleus. Approximately how many picograms of DNA would be found in a nucleus at prophase of mitosis?

20 because at the S phase the DNA doubled in the nucleus

5'-ATTGCA-3' whats the complementary strand

3'-TAACGT-5 OR 5'-ACGTTA-3'

A cell has 30% adenine, how much thymine & guanine does it have

30% thymine 20% guanine

What number and types of chromosomes are found in a typical human somatic cell?

44 autosomes & 2 sex chromosomes 2 sex ones determine our gender

How many chromosomes present in G1 (cells have 46)

46

How many chromosomes present in G2

46

How many chromosomes present in S

46

How many chromosomes present in prophase,prometaphase & metaphase in mitosis

46

If a muscle cell in a grasshopper contains 12 chromosomes, a grasshopper sperm cell would contain ___ chromosomes.

6 because a sperm has half of what the parent has

How many chromosomes present in anaphase, telophase & cytokinesis

92

Two homozygotes, one with pink flowers and one with white flowers are mated. All the offspring are white. When one of offspring pink flower plants is crossed with a white flower plant what proportion of the offspring will have pink flowers?

0% because the white flower is dominant homo WW while the pink flower is recessive homo ww

DNA strands are antiparallel. Which of the following statements defines "antiparallel"?

A 5' to 3' DNA strand is paired w the 3' to 5' DNA strand

In humans free earlobes are dominant over attached earlobes. What are the possible genotypes of the offspring from a cross between parents that are Ee and Ee?

EE, Ee, ee

Interphase

G1, S, G2 It's a cell doing its job

What do chromosomes in G1 look like (I or X)

I I

What do chromosomes in anaphase look like (I or X)

I I

What do chromosomes in telophase look like (I or X)

I I

Which of the following statements best describes how cytokinesis differs between plant and animal cells?

Plant cells deposit vesicles containing cell wall building blocks on the metaphase plate Animal cells form a cleavage furrow when it comes to cytokinesis

Students in a biology lab isolated cells in various phases of the cell cycle. A population of cells that have 1 1/2 times the DNA of G1 phase cells was most likely isolated from which of the following parts of the cell cycle?

S phase because this is where DNA is copied

After DNA replication, each duplicated chromosome consists of two sister chromatids

True

Condensation of chromosomes, chromosome replication & alignment of chromosomes at the metaphase plate all occur both in meiosis & mitosis

True

Eukaryotic chromatin is composed of DNA & proteins

True

What do chromosomes in G2 look like (I or X)

X

What do chromosomes in prometaphase look like (I or X)

X

What do chromosomes in prophase look like (I or X)

X

What do chromosomes in metaphase look like (I or X)

X but about to be pulled where it looks like )(

A mutation in a gene prevents the helicase from binding at the origin of replication. Which of the following events would you expect to occur as a result of this mutation?

a replication fork wasn't formed that is why it cannot bind at the orgin

One difference between cancer cells and normal cells is that cancer cells ____

continue to divide even when they're tightly packed together

Telomerase

adds ends to the chromosomes compensating for the shortening that could occur during replication

G1

apart of interphase this is where cells replace organelles & get bigger

G2

apart of interphase where cells prepare for nuclear division

Primase

attach a 5 to 10 base ribonucleotide strand complementary to the parental DNA strand A--T C---G

DNA polymerase

catalyzes the elongation of a new DNA strand in the 5' → 3' direction lazy enzyme & needs RNA help, but once it gets going it throws out RNA primer that is in its path

In animal cells, Taxol prevents microtubule depolymerization, which interferes with which of the following processes?

chromosome separation

Anaphase

chromosomes are doubled here (in Mitosis only) sister chromatids separate here too

Telophase

chromosomes doubled here (in Meiosis 2 & Mitosis only) chromsomes decondense

Telomere

ends of linear chromosomes

If all chromosomes are not attached to the mitotic spindle at the M phase checkpoint, the cells would most likely be arrested at which of the following points in the cell division cycle or mitosis?

metaphase

Which event would be most likely to produce cells with several nuclei?

mitosis without cytokinesis

Prometaphase

second stage of mitosis nuclear envelope breaks here

Histone

small basic proteins help DNA condense & fit in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells

phenotype

what it look likes

What do chromosomes in S look like (I or X)

x