Exam 3 Chapter 7

What are the four components of emotional intelligence?

Manage your own emotional experience and to perceive, comprehend, and respond appropriately to the emotional responses of others.

How do psychologists define intelligence?

The global capacity to think rationally, act purposefully, and deal effectively with the environment.

Describe the key issues in the debate on the nature of intelligence.

The intelligence tests may not capture someone's artistic genius or ability to connect people to common goals.

What is the difference between an aptitude and an achievement test?

-Achievement test is a test designed to measure a person's level of knowledge, skill, or accomplishment in a particular area. -An aptitude test is designed to assess a person's capacity to benefit from education or training.

What role did Binet, Wechsler, and Terman play in the development of these tests and how were their ideas different?

-Alfred Binet established the IQ test. He developed special procedures to identify students who might require special help. He focused attention on the observation of one's Mental Health. -Lewis terman established the stanford binet intelligence scale. He would divide by a person's IQ. David Wehsler established the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale. It was designed for adults rather than children and provided 11 subtest for overall verbal and performance score.

Discuss the interaction of genetics and environment in intelligence, and explain how twin studies have been used to measure the relative influence of heredity and environmental factors.

-Genes are responsible for an unknown amount of intelligence and environment can influence their intelligence positively or negatively. The identical twin study shows that they're made up of the same genes and in the same environment their iqs are similar in contrast if they were in different environments they wouldn't have such a similar iq as much as siblings raised in the same environment.

Explain the traits related to both the low and high extremes of the intelligence scale

-Intellectual disability, because of their deficits in mental abilities, they are unable to function dependently. IQ of 70 or lower. -Intellectual giftedness have exceptional abilities in areas related to intelligence. IQ of 130 or higher.

What are the key elements and principles of the theories of Spearman, Gardner, and Sternberg?

-Spearman said that people's results on different iq tests would be consistent/similar and their general intelligence (g factor) is responsible for their overall performance -Gardner says you have 8intelligence with a possible 9th with more research and defines intelligence as the ability to solve problems or to create products that are valued in one or more cultural settings -Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence. Analytic refers to the mental processes used in learning how to solve problems Creative is the ability to deal with novel situations by drawing on existing skills and knowledge Practical is the ability to adapt to the environment and reflects "street smarts".

In Focus: Discuss the results and implications of Lewis Terman's study tracking the lives of 1,500 intellectually gifted children. What does research tell us about gifted children and in what ways does Dweck's "Mindset" expand upon the ideas about what we know about effort and intelligence?

-Terman took 1500 gifted children with an IQ above 140 the research and two thirds of the subjects graduated college and were successful and happy in general life, dweck was growth mindset and fixed mindset.

Describe the history of the development of intelligence testing,

-The first intelligence test was established by Alfred Binet which was the intelligence quotient IQ test to measure general intelligence derived by comparing an individual score with the scores of others in the same age group. -The test was followed by the achievement test, attitude test, and the standardization test.

Explain the importance of standardization, reliability, validity, and the normal curve in intelligence testing.

-The standardization means the test is given to a large number of participants who are representative of the group of people the test is designed for -Reliability is consistent results on different occasions -Validity means the test measures what it is supposed to -Normal curve measures shows that the results are normally distributed. (Average score). (Bell-shaped)

Culture and Human Behavior: Discuss the idea of stereotype threat.

A fear that you will be evaluated in terms of a negative stereotype about a group to which you belong creates anxiety and self-doubt lowering performance in a particular domain that is important to you.

What is the difference between fluid and crystallized intelligence?

Crystallized intelligence is based on prior knowledge, and fluid intelligence is to think logically in scenarios.

How it has been shown to affect performance on tests of intelligence and other abilities?

When Asian women are reminded that they are Asian and should do good in math they did exceptionally well while the group that was reminded they're women who are stereotypically bad at math did worse.