[FACS 10] - Chapter 14 Summative Quiz

Which of the following is TRUE about the regulation of thyroid hormone production and its function? a. It regulates the synthesis of numerous proteins. b. Thyroid stimulating hormone is produced by the hypothalamus. c. Low levels of thyroid hormone cause weight loss and anxiety. d. Goiter is caused only by low levels of iodine.

a. It regulates the synthesis of numerous proteins. Correct; thyroid hormone regulates the synthesis of many proteins.

Which of the following is true of iodine? a. Many pregnant women in the United States are likely deficient in iodine. b. Iodine toxicity significantly impairs brain development and function. c. Iodine has many well-established roles in the body. d. The majority of iodine in the American diet is provided by seafood.

a. Many pregnant women in the United States are likely deficient in iodine. Correct; it is estimated that 50% of pregnant American women are deficient in iodine.

Which of the following is true of trace minerals? a. All trace minerals can function as co-factors for enzymes. b. Their content in plant foods is strongly influenced by the mineral content of the soil where they are grown. c. Their absorption does not change when body stores are low. d. Toxicity is more likely with major minerals than with trace minerals.

b. Their content in plant foods is strongly influenced by the mineral content of the soil where they are grown. Correct; soil mineral content is the primary factor affecting the mineral content of plant foods.

Which of the following lists only essential trace elements? a. zinc, iron, manganese, fluoride, molybdenum b. boron, copper, iodine, selenium, manganese c. copper, manganese, selenium, chromium, molybdenum d. iron, zinc, magnesium, iodine, selenium

c. copper, manganese, selenium, chromium, molybdenum Correct; all of these are essential trace minerals.

The absorption of what mineral is enhanced by vitamin C? a. selenium b. iron c. zinc d. copper

b. iron Correct; vitamin C enhances iron absorption.

Which of the following minerals is NOT involved in antioxidant functions? a. selenium b. molybdenum c. copper d. iron

b. molybdenum Correct; molybdenum has no antioxidant function.

A deficiency of what mineral can increase the likelihood of developing a vitamin E deficiency? a. iron b. selenium c. zinc d. copper

b. selenium Correct; selenium deficiency increases the likelihood of developing a vitamin E deficiency

Which of the following is true of zinc? a. It binds to most proteins in the body. b. Grains are the most reliable food sources of zinc. c. Excess zinc can decrease copper absorption. d. All of its functions involve it acting as a co-factor for enzymes.

c. Excess zinc can decrease copper absorption. Correct; excess zinc will decrease copper absorption.

Which of the following is true of iron sources and functions? a. The only dietary sources of iron are meat, fish, and poultry. b. Myoglobin and hemoglobin contain equal amounts of iron. c. Heme iron is always better absorbed than non-heme iron. d. The body cannot recycle iron for other uses.

c. Heme iron is always better absorbed than non-heme iron. Correct; heme iron is better absorbed than non-heme iron.

Which of the following is true of anemia? a. Iron-deficiency anemia results in red blood cells that are larger than normal. b. The most common cause of anemia is poor iron absorption. c. Young women have a higher risk of anemia than women over 50 years of age. d. Iron is the only mineral deficiency that will impair hemoglobin synthesis.

c. Young women have a higher risk of anemia than women over 50 years of age. Correct; women who are still menstruating are at a greater risk of anemia that those who are not.

Which of the following does correctly match the mineral with one of its functions? a. manganese—may enhance the function of insulin b. selenium—important for the metabolism of carbohydrates and amino acids c. fluoride—hardens tooth enamel d. chromium—a co-factor for only four enzymes

c. fluoride—hardens tooth enamel Correct; fluoride prevents dental caries by hardening tooth enamel.

What mineral is not included in children's multivitamin/mineral supplements because it is a major cause of unintentional poisoning deaths? a. iodine b. selenium c. iron d. zinc

c. iron Correct; iron is often left out of children's multivitamin/mineral supplements

Which of the following does NOT decrease the absorption of non-heme iron? a. phytates b. polyphenols c. oxalates d. calcium

c. oxalates Correct, oxalates do not decrease iron absorption

What population is NOT at risk for a zinc deficiency? a. vegetarians b. alcoholics c. elderly d. individuals eating a diet high in meat

d. individuals eating a diet high in meat Correct, meat is a good source of zinc.

Which of the following does NOT function as an enzyme co-factor? a. manganese b. copper c. selenium d. iodine

d. iodine Correct; iodine does not function as an enzyme co-factor.