Feline BOARDS

1 = basal cell tumor 2 = mast cell tumor

#1 and #2 most common tumors of cat skin

Demodex gatoi -More short and stubby mite which lives superficially not in follicle -Pruritic

-Contagious Demodex of cat -Lives where in skin? -Appearance -Pruritic or not

CISPLATIN = pulmonary edema 5-fluro-uracil = neurotoxic

2 contraindicated chemotherapeutics in cats and why

-Prednisolone (anti-inflammatory dose) -Theophylline (bronchodilator) -

3 drugs to treat feline bronchial dz (Asthma) -

FLUTD, urolith, or idiopathic cystitis

3 most common differentials for pollakuria, dysuria, and hematuria

FELV, Feline coronovirus, Feline panleukopenia, feline herpes virus

4 cat viruses that can be passed from close contact

Treat with robaxin, iv fluids, and diazepam if the tremoring does not stop, BATHE cat

6-month male DSH for hypersalivation and tremoring. The owner applied an over the counter topical flea medication this morning when she found 2 fleas on him - treatment?

renal dz

A 9-year old spayed female Siamese cat is presented to you for a 6-month history of polydipsia (the owner has documented water consumption of 110 ml/kg/day) and a 1 month history of weight loss and progressively decreasing appetite. Which of the following is a likely differential to explain these clinical signs?

Hyperphosphatemia from being blocked results in calcium being driven down -CALCIUM GLUCONATE to treat

A cat that begins shaking uncontrollably after being unblocked? Why it is shaking? What to do?

c.)A mixed pleocytosis and elevated protein on CSF analysis with no bacteria

A cat with CNS signs (ataxia, cranial nerve deficits)...Which is not a convincing indicator that Cryptococcus is the cause of its signs? a.)Demonstration of numerous small yeasts with large capsules in a CSF tap b.)A latex agglutination titer of 1:100 on CSF c.)A mixed pleocytosis and elevated protein on CSF analysis with no bacteria d.)A latex agglutination titer of 1:10,000 on serum

fever, lymphadenopathy, headache, malaise

A human is scratch by his cat that has Bartonella Henselae what symptoms do we expect

Send off for Fluorescent antibody testing, if positive, then truly positive

A three month old kitten tests positive for FELV on snap? What next?

AST is released from mitochondria - think poorer prognosis with AST from liver because these cells don't regenerate

AST elevation without elevated CK think?

increased appetite

Appetite of hyperthyroid cat

BILATERAL MASTECTOMY

Best surgical procedure for mass in cats mammae

Laxatone (mineral oil)

Best treatment for cat with hairballs and vomiting

Reduce stress

Best way to prevent calicivirus and herpes virus

flea control

Best way to prevent cat scratch fever from spreading

-reduce stress

Best way to prevent feline herpes virus and calicivirus and the answer is not vaccinate!

abysinnian

Breed predisposed to amyloid deposition in kidney

siamese and himalayans

Breeds predisposed to chylothorax

cholangiohepatitis

Cat diagnosis of elevated GGT and ALP

Severe chemosis wt no corneal or oral ulceration suggests Chlamydophila felis

Cat presents with no corneal or oral ulceration, think?

transmitted by cat scratch that has flea ingested blood in claw, it is treated with DOXYCYCLINE or erythromycin but this often DOES NOT clear dz, b/c bacteria lives in RBCs, but will likely clear the bacteremia. The vector is FLEAS

Cat scratch fever is transmitted by? Treated with? Vector? cellls the bacteria lives in?

hepatic lipidosis

Cat that doesnt eat for 1 day is predisposed to?

-Hyperthyroid -Cardiac Dz -Pancreatitis -Bacterial Infection

Cats often have 4 concurrent conditions when they presents as a DKA?

Taurine for proper growth of cardiac tissue, Arachidonic acid, and arginine to promote removal of nitrogenous waste

Cats require these in their diet?

-Increased metabolic activity results in ELEVATED ALT, ALP, increased GFR with lower Creatinine and lower BUN than expected,

Cats with Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy- Expected blood work findings?

ATROPINE - increases bronchial secretions making them thicker and can BLOCK Airways BETA BLOCKERS - causes BRONCHIAL CONSTRICTION as well as slowed HR

Cats with chronic feline bronchial disease (feline asthma) should never be given?

bartonella henselae

Cause of cat scratch fever

Often renal insufficiency is masked by hyperthyroidism that increases RENAL PERFUSION, therefore when T4 levels are brought back to normal, AZOTEMIA and renal failure ensure, also Methimazole is HEPATOTOXIC

Chemistry panel is always run prior to treatment for Hyperthyroidism b/c

-Extremely high protein similar to serum (Around 7 g/dL) with moderate cell counts and GOLD/ STRAW color to it

Classic FIP findings on thoracocentesis

hypergammaglobulinemia

Common bloodwork finding with FIP

2(I3/3 C1/1 P3/2 M1/1)

Dental Formula of Cats

Microsporum Canis (Only ringworm that light up under woods lamp), Treat with lyme Sulfur dip and ORAL itraconazole

Diagnosis and Treatment

FORL - remove all teeth

Diagnosis and treatment?

Histopath = Gold standard 7b protein = can be done (but not always expressed) Real time PCR = can be done (but must use biopsy not serum) CORONOVIRUS TITERS = worthless don't tell us anything

Diagnosis of Feline infectious Peritonitis is accomplished by? Gold Standard...Never do this.... Can be done with theses?

-Ronidazole - overdose causes neurotoxicity

Drug of choice to treat Tritrichomonas Foetus in cats - Overdose causes?

flabby skin due to lack of collagen production

Ehrlos Danlos is a rare condition that shows?

Pink to yellow and are non-pruritic, appear around face and head

Eosinophilic granulomas in cats look like? Pruritic or not?

low cellularity with high protein

Expectation of fluid associated with FIP

high cellularity

Expectation of fluid associated with Neoplasia

Low bun and creatinine from increased GFR, maybe elevated BUN from muscle catabolism. Elevated ALT, and ALP from increased metabolism

Expected finding of Hyperthyroid cat on bloodwork

p27 protein - test again in 3 months

FELV snap tests for? -What to do if positive FELV snap and negative IFA

DYSPNEA, lethargy, febrile -Treatment = Tap fluid, glucocorticoids but worry of immunosuppression so must use concurrent antibiotics,

FIP clinical signs and treatment?

Macrophages

FIP exists in what cells

Fecal-oral route

Feline Corona Virus is spread how?

-Expiratory push

Feline asthma hallmark on auscultation

Bovine

Feline insulin is most similar to what other specie's insulin

Suggests CHOLANGIOHEPATITIS = GGT indicates BILE DUCT - GGT will NOT be elevated with Hepatic Lipidosis

GGT elevations with elevation in ALT suggest what in cats and does not suggest?

SADDLE THROMBUS

HCM most common side effect

-tympanic membrane rupture

Horners syndrome in cat after ear flush suggests?

Pyelonephritis

Hydronephrosis of the proximal ureter with pyelectasia describes?

Feline panleukopenia virus

Hypermetric kitten likely had previous infection of?

1.) Chem Panel - as Renal Dz is often masked by Hyperthyroidism 2.) Thoracic radiographs - as HCM is a common concurrent finding

In a hyperthyroid cat, prior to treatment, these two things must always be run to get a baseline.

Under 500 maybe Hyperthyroid if over than think concurrent hepatic dz

In cats, ALT elevations of under 500 suggest? If over 500 think

ciliary body

In the feline eye, where is aqueous produced?

Pneumonitis

KBR has been known to cause what in 35% of cats

Young to middle aged

KNOW this -Age of cats diagnosed with HCM

Hydration, prokinetic, Laxative, fiber, and removal of feces

Mainstay treatments of MegaColon (5)

-CAT WILL NOT GET CATARACTS!!!

Major difference b/t dog and cat with diabetes in terms of clinical outcome

often malignant as compared to dog, and therefore BILATERAL not regional mastectomy is recommended

Mammary neoplasia in cats and surgery of choice

don't exist

Maternal antibodies for HW?

Cat

More likely to have HW larvae migrate from the heart- Cat or Dog

Bartonella Henselae

Most common Cause of Bartonella in cats

taurine deficiency

Most common cause of DCM in cat

Acetominophen toxicity

Most common cause of methemoglobinemia in cat?

calicivirus

Most common cause of oral ulceration in cat

polydactylism

Most common digit abnormality seen in cat

Methimazole

Most common drug in cats to cause severe pruritus especially of the face

mediastinal mass

Most common reason for lymphoma positive cat to have dyspnea

Mediastinal in cats under 3 years of age -dyspnea, regurgitation, or Horner's syndrome

Most common type of FELV in cat and most common signalment -3 most common clinical signs

I-131

Most effective therapy for hyperthyroid cat with normal renal function that can't tolerate pruritus associated with methimazole

-growth hormone from acromegaly

Most likely cause of cat with uncontrolled diabetes

ALP elevation is GREATER than GGT elevation when using upper reference interval ratio along with OBESITY in ANORECTIC cat

Most suggestive FINDING on BLOODWORK of Hepatic Lipidosis in cat?

Stertor and stridor

Obstructive breathing is characterized by

Histopathology, Immunohistochemistry, or PCR, -7B elisa is not always expressed, can't do PCR on SERUM

Only ways to diagnose FIP everytime

Better prognosis than dogs - slow to metastasize and amputation is usually curative

Osteosarcoma in cats- prognosis?

Feline distemper attacks the white blood cells and intestines

Panleukopenia is also known as ____and most often attacks _______

Vertically and Horizontally spread, it infects bone marrow and spreads via neutrophils and platelets causing viremia, -Virus is secreted through Urine and saliva

Pathogenesis of FELV -How spread, cells it infects? -Virus is secreted where?

I-131

Permanent treatment for hyperthyroidism

patchy alveolar pattern unlike dog

Pneumonia on radiograph of cat

dyspnea and ascites

Presentation of cat with wet form of FIP

flea prevention, 21 day course of doxycycline, and clip nails of cat short -

Prevention of zoonosis with bartonella

Hepatotoxicity

Primary negative side effect of methimazole?

Itraconazole

Prolonged use of this drug has been known to cause Pemphigus in cats

Cryptococcus

Roman nose describes what fungal process in cats

-Total T4

Screening test of choice for feline hyperthyroidism?

gingivitis but calicivirus also causes this

Signs of bartonella in cat?

fever and anorexia

Signs of pyelonephritis include

-Run urine culture, if negative, then Change to Acidifying diet

Struvite crystals are found in cat urine analysis- Most important things to do?

central retinal degeneration

Taurine deficiency in cats causes what abnormality in the eye?

Plasma cell pododermatitis - Biopsy to diagnose

Test to diagnose? Tentative diagnosis

Type A -The presence of agglutination as seen in the circle on the right occurs because the anti-A antibodies on the card bind the type A antigen present of the cat's red blood cells. Agglutination in both wells would indicate an AB cat, which is rare. Mik is a recently identified feline blood group antigen; a proportion of type A cats lack expression of Mik and have a serum alloantibody for Mik. This can be a cause of acute hemolytic transfusion reactions in cats, even if they are matched for their blood type. This card (and most blood typing kits) do not test for Mik.

The card shown below is used for determining feline blood types. On the card, the circle on the left has heat inactivated antibodies against the type B feline antigen. The circle on the right has heat inactivated antibodies against the type A feline antigen. 50 ul of anticoagulated blood from a cat has been mixed with 50 ul of saline and added to each circle on the card 2 minutes ago. What is the cat's blood type?

-NEOMYCIN (can cause severe inflammatory reaction)

This DRUG should never be given to CATS in the eye

PSS - pytalism (See copper colored iris)

This is pathognomic for? Other expected findings?

herpes virus causing corneal ulcers sometimes called DENDRITIC ULCERS

This is?

Clumping litter

This litter has been shown to be preferentially utilized by cats?

-Stasis of blood in left atrium

Thromboembolism in cat usually occurs from?

underlying renal dz - hyperthyroidism allowed for increased GFR

Treating hyperthyroid cat often reveals

-Calcium channel blockers (lower BP) -Phosphate binders (if hyperphosphatemic) -H2 antagonists -Restricted proteins

Treatment for chronic renal failure patients include?

Topical trifluridine (or other topical antibiotics)

Treatment for feline herpes virus causing dendritic ulceration

Remove all teeth

Treatment for feline resorptive neck lesions

-Immunosuppressive doses of prednisolone, but BUDESONIDE has better affinity for the GI TRACT -SEE HYPERTROPHIED MUSCULARIS LAYER

Treatment for inflammatory bowel disease on ultrasound? Diagnostic finding on ultrasound?

CORTICOSTEROIDS ONLY - NO ADULTICIDES!

Treatment of Feline HW

PROKINETIC FLUIDS PSYLLIUM (Fiber)

Treatment of Megacolon in cat

keep normal diet if eating

Treatment of cat pancreatitis? diet change?

prednisone and ursodiol

Treatment of non-supporative cholangiohepatitis?

enucleation as it is likely a trauma associated sarcoma

Treatment of traumatic eye lesion in cat that progresses to blindness

True

True or false- Antibody tests for HW can detect both male and female infections

-If female HW infection = Positive antigen test -If all males = negative antigen test -Antibody testing is inconclusive b/c may show exposure or active infection, -With small burden (may not mount a response), therefore negative antibody and positive antibody mean nothing

Truth behind antigen and antibody tests for feline HW?

toxoplasmosis - treat with clindamycin

UVEITIS with multiple episodes of seizure in cat? Diagnosis and treatment

Rabies vaccine given in distal right rear leg, FeLV vaccine given in distal left rear leg, no vaccines should be given in intrascapular space

Vaccine injection site recommendation for rabies, felv, and all other vaccines

8ug/L

When diagnosing EPI in cat, a trypsinogen level less than ___ is diagnostic.

Mycoplasma haemofelis

Which of the following is the causative agent of Feline Infectious Anemia?

Acute cholangiohepatitis -3-3.5 year old cats -50% survival longterm -50% death in 3 months -Antibiotics = treatment -Ursodiol

You perform an ultrasound guided liver biopsy. Histopathology indicates fibrosis associated with portal triads, bile duct proliferation, and centrilobular accumulation of bile with casts in canalicular areas. -What is diagnosis and prognosis -Signalment and treatment

feline panleukopenia virus

most likely differential for four year old cat with anorexia, vomiting, diarrhea, and fever?