Final Exam Chapters 13 & 14
The average adult in middle adulthood ____ height and weight.
loses; gains
Which of the following is a major difference between Levinson's and Valliant's view on midlife?
Valliant maintains that only a minority of adults experience midlife as a crisis
Stan, a middle-aged man, rarely gets more than five hours of sleep a night. Stan is at risk for:
a weakening of his immune system
Drew, age 72, is in great physical and mental shape. He is an active runner who prefers half-marathons and runs a small business out of his home. When he is wondering if he has crossed the bridge from middle age to late adulthood, he is pondering his:
age identity
___ is a term that is used to describe the midlife transition in which fertility declines
climacteric
Middle adulthood is referred to as the sandwich generation because
middle aged adults may have to care for their own adolescent children as well as their elderly parents
Accumulated information and verbal skills is known as ____ intelligence, while one's ability to reason is known as ___ intelligence
Crystallized intelligence; fluid intelligence
According to the Almeida & Horn study, which of the following is the difference in the experience of stressors between young adults and middle-aged adults?
Middle aged adults experienced more "overload" stressors
Which of the following best explains why middle adulthood comes later and lasts longer now than in the early 1900s
People today have their better health care and nutrition than people in the early 1900s
Phyllis is upset because she believes her memory has been getting worse since she entered middle age. She finds it harder to remember a grocery list or telephone number, although she does not have difficulty with information she uses often, such as her address or Social Security number. Which of the following is probably true about Phyllis?
Phyllis is typical of middle aged people in her ability to remember information
For women and men, the role of grandparent is seen differently. For women, grandparenting is _______, whereas for men, it is _______.
a responsibility; voluntary
It has been a month since Brianna's husband left her for someone else. She knows divorce will be a life-changing event for her. Even though she is distressed, she has coped with difficult things in the past, and is sure she will recover from this, too. The contemporary life-events approach considers her appraisal to be
an adaptation factor
Which of the following is the conclusion of the study conducted by Costa and McCrae on approximately 1,000 college-educated men and women aged 20-96
considerable stability occurs in the five personality factors
The ___ model of personality development states that with time and age people become more adept at interacting with their environment in ways that promote increased stability in personality
cumulative personality
Dorothy is a 65-year-old. If she had been born a century earlier and destined to turn 65 in the year 1900, by that year she would probably have been
deceased
When men face stress, they are more likely to respond in a_____, and when women experience stress, they are more likely to engage in a ____
fight-or-flight manner; tend and befriend pattern
Marina is having hot flashes, nausea, and rapid heartbeat, all signs that the production of _____ by the ovaries declines dramatically.
estrogen
Joshua, now in midlife, has been a Boy Scout leader since his children were small. He is taking great pride in watching his son take a leadership position in the scouts. His son is fulfilling Joshua's needs for:
generativity
Middle-aged adults tend to focus more on assessment of _____ than young adults do
how much time remains in life
____were the main cause of death in the United States until the middle of the twentieth century, while the main causes of death in middle adulthood in the United States are
infectious diseases; chronic diseases
One reason that leisure is important in middle adulthood is that
it prepares middle aged adults for retirement
Alexis is feeling the stress of a major life event—her daughter's wedding. Her already high blood pressure is soaring, causing her to worry. The contemporary life-events approach would consider her health issues to be:
mediating factor
According to Lachman, researchers have found that on average a sense of personal control peaks in _____ and then declines.
midlife
According to Levinson, by age 40, a man has
reached a stable point in his career.
Brady has been farming for most of his adult life. Now to years old, he knows he has to get started figuring out how to get the physical labor done before his ___ has advanced enough that he cannot do his job.
sarcopenia
As he looks back over his life, Chris realizes that his work was not as important to him as he believed, and that he lost too much valuable time with his children. If he could do it over again, he would work less and spend more time with his children. According to Erikson, Chris is experiencing some degree of _____.
stagnation
Dominick has noticed his sex drive and ability to get a full erection have been fading. Now in middle-age, it is likely that his ____ has declined
testosterone level
Trevor and Michelle's last child has just left home to attend college. According to research, this will most likely be a time when:
they will have increased marital satisfaction
In a survey conducted by AARP (2004), the primary reason middle aged and older women cited for wanting a divorce was
verbal, physical, or emotional abuse
Which of the following statements about cardiovascular disease is true?
when HDL is high and LDL is low, the risk of cardiovascular disease is lessened