Final Review Anatomy

Arteries that branch to form the afferent arterioles to the glomeruli are: A. Cortical radiate arteries B. Segmental arteries C. Arcuate arteries D. Interlobar arteries

A. Cortical radiate arteries

The secretion of hormones by the anterior love of the pituitary is controlled by the: A. Hypothalamus B. Pancreatic islets C. Atria of the heart D. Pars distalis

A. Hypothalamus

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the large intestine? A. It is the main site of nutrient absorption B. It absorbs much of the water and salts remaining in the wastes C. It contains an abundant bacterial flora D. It includes the ascending, transverse, and descending colon

A. It is the main site of nutrient absorption

Mucosa- associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) is primarily located within the: A. Lamina propria B. Serosa C. Muscularis mucosa D. Submucosa

A. Lamina propria

To say someone is "tongue-tied" mean that the: A. Lingual frenulum is short B. Salivary glands produce little lubricant C. Lips are exceptionally immobile D. Tongue muscles are weak

A. Lingual frenulum is short

Which layer of the digestive tract is responsible for the peristaltic waves that propel materials from one portion to another? A. Muscularis externa B. Mucosa C. Submucosa D. Serosa

A. Muscularis externa

Which of the following occurs exclusively in the renal medulla? A. Nephron loop of juxtamedullary nephrons B. Proximal convoluted tubules C. Peritubular capillaries D. Interlobar arteries

A. Nephron loop of juxtamedullary nephrons

The largest salivary gland is the: A. Parotid B. Intrinsic C. Sublingual D. Submandibular

A. Parotid

Renin is produced in: A. The granular cells B. The reneal medulla C. The glomerulus D. Glomerular capsules

A. The granular cells

Which of the following statements concerning the endocrine glands is incorrect? A. The hormones they secrete travel more quickly than nerve impulses B. The hormones they secrete regulate processes such as growth and metabolism C. They are a group of ductless glands D. They secrete messenger molecules called hormones

A. The hormones they secrete travel more quickly than nerve impulses

The seminal vesicles: A. Empty into the epididymis B. Are glands that secrete most of the volume of the semen C. Secrete digestive enzymes when cancerous D. Store sperm

B. Are glands that secrete most of the volume of the semen

Which of the following choices correctly pairs a type of cell in the stomach with its secretion? A. Parietal cell; mucus B. Chief cell; pepsinogen C. Enteroendocrine; hydrochloric acid D. Parietal cell; pepsinogen

B. Chief cell; pepsinogen (Parietal cells: produce HCl, Enteroendocrine: hormone secreting- gastrin)

Which of the following organs does NOT contribute secretion(s) during the male sexual response? A. Bulbourethral glands B. Corpus cavernosum C. Seminal vesicles D. Prostate

B. Corpus cavernosum

The adrenal medulla secretes: A. Cortisol B. Epinephrine and norepinephrine C. Aldosterone D. Glucocorticoids

B. Epinephrine and norepinephrine

The capillaries within a chorionic villus of the placenta contain blood: A. From both the fetus and the mother B. From the fetus C. From the mother D. That doesn't belong to the fetus or the mother

B. From the fetus

Which of the following is NOT part of the filtration membrane? A. Capillary endothelium B. Granular cells C. Basement membrane D. Filtration slit diaphragm

B. Granular cells

The function of the cremaster muscle is to help: A. Squeeze semen from the urethra during ejaculation B. Keep a gonad cool C. Increase intra-abdominal pressure during childbirth D. Maintain erection in both sexes

B. Keep a gonad cool

The digestive organ primarily responsible for the absorption of water is the: A. Anus B. Large intestine C. Ileum D. Duodenum

B. Large intestine

Before it enters the ureter, urine collects in the: A. Renal sinus B. Renal pelvis C. Renal pyramids D. Renal cortex

B. Renal pelvis

A factor that propels an oocyte through the uterine tube is: A. Secretions of the nonciliated cells B. Smooth muscle contraction (peristalsis) C. Pressure exerted by ovarian fluid D. Amoeboid motion of the oocyte

B. Smooth muscle contraction (peristalsis)

In the juxtaglomerular apparatus, the macula densa belongs to the: A. Glomerulus B. Terminal nephron loop C. Efferent arteriole D. Visceral layer of the glomerular capusle (pondocytes)

B. Terminal nephron loop

Which of the following is a major source of steroid hormones in the body? A. The thyroid B. The gonads C. The pituitary D. The adrenal medulla

B. The gonads

Which of the following is the primary sex organ in the male? A. The epididymis B. The testis C. The penis D. The prostate

B. The testis

The action of the parathyroid hormone is counteracted by: A. GH B. Oxytocin C. Calcitonin D. Thyroxin

C. Calcitonin

Which of the following processes does NOT participate in the production of urine in the kidney? A. Filtration B. Resorption C. Evaporation D. Secretion

C. Evaporation

The most abundant type of endocrine cells in the pancreatic islets secretes a hormone that: A. Inhibits secretion by the exocrine pancreas B. Raises blood sugar concentrations C. Lowers blood sugar levels D. Targets liver cells

C. Lowers blood sugar levels

The female uterine cycle begins: A. Every six weeks B. At the end of menstruation C. On the first day of menstruation D. At ovulation

C. On the first day of menstruation

How much of the fluid filtered by the kidney actually becomes urine? A. 10% B. 99% C. 50% D. 1%

D. 1%

Which of the following hormones is secreted by the posterior lobe of the pituitary? A. LH B. Glucagon C. Adrenaline D. ADH

D. ADH

Parathyroid hormone causes all of the following EXCEPT: A. Increase in plasma calcium B. Decreased secretion of calcium by the kidney C. Activation of vitamin D D. Inhibition of osteoclasts

D. Inhibition of osteoclasts

Which of the following minerals is essential for the formation of thyroid hormone? A. Calcium B. Copper C. Iron D. Iodine

D. Iodine

All of the following structures have all four tissue layers in their walls EXCEPT the: A. Stomach B. Esophagus C. Sigmoid colon D. Mouth

D. Mouth

Which of the following occurs exclusively in the renal medulla? A. Interlobar arteries B. Proximal convoluted tubules C. Peritubular capillaries D. Nephron loop of juxtamedullary nephrons

D. Nephron loop of juxtamedullary nephrons

When Melinda was asked to identify a "mystery" slide on a histology test, she immediately identified it as renal cortex because of the presence of scattered: A. Renal papillae B. Thin segments C. Vasa recta D. Renal corpuscles

D. Renal Corpuscles

Which of the following hormones indirectly increases the secretion of aldosterone from the adrenal cortex? A. ACTH B. Corticotropin- releasing hormone C. TSH D. Renin

D. Renin

The correct sequence of sperm- transporting tubules that transport spermatozoa to the epididymis is the: A. Seminiferous tubule to rete testis to efferent ductule to straight tuble B. Seminiferous tubule to efferent ductule to straight tubule to rete testis C. Seminiferous tubule to rete testis to straight tubule to efferent ductule D. Seminiferous tubule to straight tubule to rete testis to efferent ductule

D. Seminiferous tubule to straight tubule to rete testis to efferent ductule

The epithelium lining the vagina is: A. Simple squamous B. Simple columnar C. Pseudostratified columnar D. Stratified squamous

D. Stratified squamous

Which of the following is NOT found in the renal corpuscle? A. Podocytes B. The glomerulus C. Glomerular capsule D. The nephron loop

D. The nephron loop

True or False: Gonadotropic cells of the pars distalis are the only class of cells there that produce more than one hormone?

False

True or False: The lesser omentum attaches the stomach to the posterior abdominal wall?

False

True or False: The spermatic cord is another name for the ductus deferens?

False; Ductus deferens run superiorly within the spermatic cord

True or False: A network of peritubular capillaries surrounds the convoluted tubules and nephron loop for the purpose of reabsorption and secretion?

False; capillaries readily absorb solutes and water from the tubule cells after substances are reabsorbed form the filtrate

True or False: Seminiferous tubules are the site of sperm storage?

False; epididimys

True or False: Villi are cytoplasmic projections on the surface of intestinal absorptive cells?

False; finger-like

True or False: Spermatogonia are located near the lumen of seminiferous tubules?

False; located on the outer region of the seminiferous tubule

True or False: All endocrine glands secrete their hormones into the bloodstream?

True

True or False: In females, the urinary bladder lies anterior to the vagina and uterus?

True

True or False: Releasing hormone form the hypothalamus enter the pars distalis form the secondary capillary plexus?

True

True or False: The descending limb of the nephron loop consists of a simple squamous epithelium?

True

True or False: The glomerular capsule and the glomerular capillaries together make up the renal corpuscle?

True

True or False: The location and length of the urethra are two factors that contribute to the high incidence of urinary tract infections in women?

True

True or False: The small intestine contain bacteria that synthesize some essential vitamins?

True

True or False: The vermiform appendix is suspended from the cecum?

True

True or False: Thyroglobulin is produced by follicular cells of the thyroid gland, converted to thyroid hormone, and stored inside the follicle?

True

True or False: Urine flows from the kidney to the bladder by gravity and peristalsis?

True