finals - chemistry - sweetman

the most common charge of a stable ion an element in 17 will form is

-1

saturated fatty acids are long-chain carboxylic acids which usually have between ___ carbon atoms and have no double bonds

12 and 24

what will be the atomic radius of copper, if the distance between two adjacent copper atoms in metallic copper is 256 pm

128 pm

how many electrons are contained in a single covalent bond

2

ranks the following foods from the lowest percentage of saturated fat to the highest: (1) margarine, (2) canola oil, (3) butter, (4) olive oil

2 < 4 < 1 < 3

the most common charge of a stable ion a group 2 metal will form is

2+

a water molecule is held together by ___ covalent bonds, meaning there are a total of ___ shared electrons in the molecule

2, 4

which of the following is the atomic radius of chlorine if the internuclear distance between two chlorine atoms is 198 pm

99 pm

which of the following does NOT contain a covalent bond

CaO

which of the following represents a covalent molecule (cl2, he, co2, o2)

Cl2 , CO2 , O2

which of the following is a covalent molecule (h2o, nacl, o2, mgcl)

H2O, O2

which of the following represents a covalent molecule (nacl, o2, bacl2, cl2, h2o)

O2 , Cl2 , H2O

which statement best describes a covalent bond

a chemical bond that involves sharing a pair of electrons between atoms in a molecule

which electron is the first to be removed from any atom

a valence electron

which of the following has the lowest value of ionization energy

alkali metals

metals in general have

all of the above

which element has the lowest first ionization energy in this part of the periodic table

aluminum

which element is NOT a metalloid

aluminum

how are most ions formed

an atom transfers electrons to or from another atom or molecule

negatively charged ions are called

anions

which statement correctly describes the relationship between chlorine and argon

argon has a larger atomic number and a larger atomic mass

mendeleev is best known for

arranging the elements into a periodic table

the pauling scale of electronegativity was based on

bond energy

which are functions of lipids

both a and b

which of the following elements has the largest atomic radius

ca

ca(no3)2

calcium nitrate

positively charged ions are called

cations

the most reactive metal is

cesium

mendeleev placed the elements in his periodic table on the basis of similarity in their

chemical & physical behavior

which statement(s) is/are true about covalent bonds

covalent bonds can form between atoms of the same element, covalent bonds can form between two nonmetal atoms, covalent bonds can form between atoms of different elements

the formation of a triglyceride is what type of organic reaction

esterification

which member of the halogen elements has the highest electronegativity

f

which of the following has the smallest atomic radius

f

an ion always has the same number of protons and electrons

false

atomic radii in transition metals follow a systematic order while moving from left to right

false

atomic radii increase in size with an increase in the atomic number across a period

false

bromine is a liquid metal

false

eka-aluminum and eka-boron were discovered by moseley

false

electrical conductivity depends on the mobility of electric charges so only metallic crystals and ionic crystals can conduct electricity in certain states

false

electronegativity generally increases while moving from top to bottom in the periodic table

false

fatty acids consist of only unsaturated hydrocarbons

false

ions form because the loss of one or more electrons makes them less stable than their corresponding atoms; this state requires more energy to maintain

false

isotopes have been given a proper place in mendeleev's periodic table

false

mendeleev developed his table when he placed the elements in order by increasing atomic number

false

mendeleev placed magnesium above beryllium

false

the order of increasing atomic radius of all atoms above is

false

when moving from antimony to iodine, the first ionization energy value decreases

false

whenever mendeleev found an element whose chemistry was very similar to a previous element, he placed it above that similar element

false

which part of a nutritional label gives information about the lipids in food

fats

what element was discovered four years after mendeleev published his periodic table which included the predicted properties of eka-aluminum

gallium

a triglyceride is a triester of ___ and three fatty acids

glycerol

vertical columns of the periodic table are called

groups/families

which group/family contains elements with the smallest radius within the same period

halogens

across a period, the effective nuclear charge increases and therefore it becomes ___ to remove an electron

harder

the work of ____ led to the arrangement of elements based on their properties and atomic numbers, not atomic masses

henry moseley

who is credited with the discovery of the atomic number

henry moseley

in the diagram of elements above, which of the following describes the change of atomic radius along the direction of the arrow

increases

if an atom gains or loses electrons, it becomes

ion

fecl3

iron (III) chloride

what happens to an atom when it gains electrons

it becomes a negatively charged ion

what happens to an atom when it loses electrons

it becomes a positively charged ion

a certain fatty acid is known to be unsaturated; what is known about its chemical structure

it contains at least one double and/or triple bond between carbon atoms

amongst the following, which metal is the poorest conductor of electricity

lead

oils, fats, and waxes belong to a class of biomolecules called

lipids

what would be the name for li+

lithium ion

the ___ electronegativity of metals and ___ electronegativity of non-metals means the reaction is most favorable between a metal and a non-metal

low, high

elements in the alkaline earth metal family of the periodic table have ___ electronegativity values than elements in the halogen family of the periodic table

lower

a(n) ___ is the smallest particle of a covalent compound that still has the properties of the compound

molecule

the second ionization energy is greater than the first because it's ___ to remove an electron from a cation

more difficult

triglycerides are ___ molecules, meaning that they are mostly ___ in water

nonpolar, insoluble

what is the difference between fats and oils

oils are usually liquid at room temperature, while fats are usually solid

elements that form diatomic molecules include

oxygen

what substance(s) are present in all lipids

oxygen, carbon, hydrogen

horizontal rows of the periodic table are called

periods

the rows of mendeleev's periodic table are called

periods

which type of lipid is most likely to be found in high concentrations in all plants and animals

phospholipids

which statement(s) is/are true about phospholipids

phospholipids are an essential component of cell membranes in living organisms, phospholipids are special molecules that have both polar and nonpolar parts

what unique property of phospholipids allows some substances to pass through cell membranes while keeping other substances out

phospholipids are polar on one side and nonpolar on the other, allowing them to form a double layer that can only be crossed by certain substances

electronegativity decreases from top to bottom within a respective group as

proceeding down the group, the size of atoms increases so the effective nuclear charge decreases on the electrons

which member of the alkaline earth metals has the smallest electronegativity

ra

metallic and nonmetallic character best refers to the ___ of a given element

reactivity

what was dmitri mendeleev's nationality

russian

which statement(s) is/are true about saturated fatty acids

saturated fatty acids contain as many hydrogen atoms as possible given the number of carbon atoms in the structure, saturated fatty acids contain only single bonds between carbon atoms

which of the following elements has the lowest electronegativity value

si

which of the following elemtns has the lowest electronegativity value

si

compared with halogens, the alkali metal in the same period has ___ electronegativity

smaller

which of the following metals can be cut with an ordinary knife

sodium

nabr

sodium bromide

which of the following explains why ionization energy decreases down a group

the atomic radius increases, so electrons are farther from the nucleus

why didn't mendeleev use atomic number to order his periodic table

the nucleus of the atom had not been discovered yet

which statement(s) is/are true about lipids

they can come in the form of solid fats or liquid oils, they are important biochemical compounds that are essential for many living organisms

how many hydroxyl groups are present on a molecule of glycerol

three

by having knowledge of the atomic radius of an atom, the size of the atom can be measured

true

elements which show properties of both metals and nonmetals are called metalloids

true

in the modern periodic table, the properties of elements are a periodic function of their atomic numbers

true

lipids can be liquid at room temperature

true

mendelevium, atomic number 101, was synthesized in the year 1955 and commemorates mendeleev's contributions to modern chemistry

true

the effective nuclear charge and the atomic size help explain the trend of ionization energy of atoms in a periodic table

true

the first ionization energy values of zn, cd, and hg are relatively higher than their immediate neighbors

true

the periodic table illustrates a recurring pattern in the properties of the elements when they are arranged in order of increasing atomic number

true

the tendency of metals to show ionic linkage increases proceeding down the group

true

ways in which ions may form include

two of the above

which type of lipid is most likely to be found in high concentrations in olive oil

unsaturated fatty acids

arrow directions represent increasing trend of ionization energy; which of the following correctly shows the general trend

up and to the right

chemical bonds involve the transfer or sharing of

valence electrons only

what kind of spectra was analyzed to determine atomic numbers of elements

x-ray spectra

zn3(po4)2

zinc phosphate