FINISHED: American History Study Guide Chapters 23-26
Analyze the historical significance of the Bataan Death March that took place on the island of the Philippines during WWII.
The Bataan Death March was when the Japanese forced 76,000 captured Allied soldiers (Filipinos and Americans) to march about 80 miles across the Bataan Peninsula. The march took place in April of 1942 during World War II. Bataan is a province in the Philippines on the island of Luzon.
Identify true statements of American society during the 1950s.
The Civil Rights Movement. A growing group of Americans spoke out against inequality and injustice during the 1950s. African Americans had been fighting against racial discrimination for centuries; during the 1950s, however, the struggle against racism and segregation entered the mainstream of American life. There also was a fear of communism and the United States was doing everything in its power to stop the spread of it.
Analyze the significance of (major decisions made) by Roosevelt, Churchill and Stalin at the Yalta Conference in February, 1945.
The February 1945 Yalta Conference was the second wartime meeting of British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, Soviet Premier Joseph Stalin and U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt. During the conference, the three leaders agreed to demand Germany's unconditional surrender and began plans for a post-war world.
Analyze the historical significance of the Servicemen's Readjustment Act (GI Bill of Rights). Why was this bill passed in 1944 and how did this bill benefit American soldiers after they returned from WWII?
The GI Bill of Rights (Servicemen's Readjustment Act) of 1944 provided loans at lower interest rates to allow servicemen to buy homes, farms or establish businesses; gave money to veterans to attend college or receive job training skills; and gave veterans the opportunity to find work or receive unemployment benefits.
Analyze the historical significance of the House on Un American Activities (HUAC).
The House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) was created in 1938 to investigate alleged disloyalty and subversive activities on the part of private citizens, public employees, and those organizations suspected of having Communist ties.
Analyze the significance and important features of the Korean War.
The Korean War was one of several military conflicts that occurred during the Cold War, as the United States and its allies attempted to stop the spread of communism. This conflict began on June 25, 1950, when North Korea, a communist nation, invaded South Korea.
What was the primary purpose for the fighting of the Korean War?
The Korean War was one of several military conflicts that occurred during the Cold War, as the United States and its allies attempted to stop the spread of communism. This conflict began on June 25, 1950, when North Korea, a communist nation, invaded South Korea.
Analyze the historical significance of the Marshall Plan.
The Marshall Plan was a U.S. sponsored economic recovery plan after WWII in which the U.S. gave $13 billion to help western European nations recover from damage sustained during WWII.
Analyze the historical significance of NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization).
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) was a military alliance established in 1949 between the United States, Canada and western European nations. It was the first time the U.S. joined a military alliance during a time of peace.
Analyze the historical significance of the soviets launching of Sputnik. What did this enable the Soviets to do and how did the United States respond?
The USSR launched the first Satellite into space. This caused the United States to expand math and science programs in public schools.
Analyze how the American public viewed US participation in the European conflict when World War II began in September of 1939.
The United States did not favor joining the war until the bombing of Pearl Harbor in 1941.
Analyze the historical significance of the U2 incident. How did this event impact the relationship between the Untied States and the Soviet Union?
The United States was flying U2 planes high above the Soviet Union and it was said to be for "Weather Testing" long story short the US was caught in the act while in reality they were taking pictures of the Soviet Union. This increased tentions between both countries.
Analyze the historical significance of senator Joseph McCarthy.
The fear of communism, known as the Red Scare, led to a national witch hunt for suspected communist supporters, which was known as McCarthyism. Learn about the rise of McCarthyism and the Red Scare, the impact of McCarthyism on American society and the legacy of the short-lived fear campaign.
Why did FDR give his famous Garden Hose Speech?
The lend-lease program provided for military aid to any country whose defense was vital to the security of the United States. The plan thus gave Roosevelt the power to lend arms to Britain with the understanding that, after the war, America would be paid back in kind.
Analyze the historical significance of the Berlin Blockade and what factors precipitated this action by Joseph Stalin in 1948?
The main cause of the Berlin Blockade was the Cold War, which was just getting started. Stalin was taking over eastern Europe by salami tactics and Czechoslovakia had just turned Communist (March 1948). On the other side, the USA had just adopted the Truman Doctrine to 'contain' the USSR.
Analyze the historical significance of FDR's "Quarantine Speech".
The speech was given after Japan invaded China in 1937. He compared the spread of war to the spread of a contagious disease. Such diseases can be stopped, he said, by a quarantine. He urged the United States to work with peace-loving countries to quarantine aggressive nations and stop the spread of war.
Analyze the historical significance of containment as it pertained to the Cold War conflict that developed at the end of WWII.
The threat of Nuclear warfare. The soviets trying to spread communism. I dont believe anyone really won this war because it has caused lasting tension between the U.S. and the Soviet Union now present day Russia.
How did the Battles of Iwo Jima and Okinawa affect allied war plans as it pertained specifically to Japan near the conclusion of WWII?
They were said to be the areas in which they could use as landing strips for the atomic bombs that would later destroy the Japanese homeland.
Analyze the primary purpose of the Smith Act.
This 1940 law made it a crime to call for the overthrow of the U.S. government or belong to an organization that did so. This act was to show Trumans commitment to fight communism.
Analyze the historical significance of the National Security Act of 1947. What did this law create?
This law created the department of offense, national security council, and the CIA (central intelligence agency).
How did the US Neutrality Act of 1935-1937 influence the decision making of totalitarian dictators in Europe during that time?
Totalitarian dictators increased their aggressive actions and invaded countries to increase their power. Under the neutrality act Roosevelt could not take a strong stance against the dictators without joining the war.
Analyze the reason why some southern Democrats split from the Democratic Party during the 1948 presidential election.
Truman was a supporter of the civil rights movement and advocated change. Many southern Democrats were angry at Truman's support and they supported SC governor Strom Thurmond, who ran as a Dixiecrat.
Analyze the reason(s) why President Truman fired General Douglas MacArthur during the Korean War.
U.S. President Harry S. Truman relieved General of the Army Douglas MacArthur of his commands after MacArthur made public statements which contradicted the administration's policies.
Analyze the historical significance of the Battle of Midway during WWII.
U.S. naval victory over the Japanese fleet in June 1942, in which the Japanese lost four of their best aircraft carriers. It marked a turning point in World War II.
Analyze the historical significance of A. Phillip Randolph during WWII. As a result of his actions what changes were made in the labor force during WWII?
Union leader, head of the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters. In 1941 he called for a march on Washington, D.C., to protest unfair treatment of African Americans. Only after Roosevelt issued a order outlawing discrimination in government or defense jobs did Randolph call off the march.
Identify and analyze the three most industrialized nations in the world in 1939 and why is this data important at the beginning of WWII?
United States, Germany, Soviet Union
How did US participation in WWII impact the American home front during the war?
Women who served in the medical corps faced more danger because their work was usually performed closer to the front lines. Although all Americans were working toward a victory in World War II, many of the social problems that plagued the United States also followed American troops to war.
What reference was Douglass Mac Arthur making when he made the famous quote "I shall return"?
Words of General Douglas MacArthur in 1942 as he left the Philippine Islands during World War II. Japanese forces were about to conquer the Philippines, and President Franklin D. Roosevelt had transferred MacArthur to another location in the Pacific.
Analyze the historical significance of the Battle of Stalingrad.
World War II battle between invading German forces and Soviet defenders for control of Stalingrad; each side sustained hundreds of thousands of casualties; Germany's defeat marked the beginning of Germany's collapse in the Soviet Union.
Identify the 4 major diplomatic conferences held by world leaders during WWII.
Yalta Conference, United Nations Conference on International Organization, Potsdam Conference, Tehran Conference
Analyze the historical significance of the Supreme Court case Brown vs Board of Education of Topeka Kansas (1954).
a landmark 1954 Supreme Court case in which the justices ruled unanimously that racial segregation of children in public schools was unconstitutional.
Analyze the historical significance of the Alger Hiss spy case and what role did Whitaker Chambers play in this spy case?
being a communist and a spy for the Soviet Union. ... At that time, HUAC was involved in a series of hearings investigating communist machinations in the United States. Whitaker was the one who made these accusations.
Analyze the primary function of the United Nations Security Council.
charged with the maintenance of international peace and security as well as accepting new members to the United Nations and approving any changes to its United Nations Charter.
Analyze how Secretary of State John Foster Dulles shaped American foreign policy during the presidential administration of Dwight Eisenhower during the 1950s.
his policy of brinkmanship as "The ability to get to the verge without getting into the war is the necessary art." During the Cold War, this was used as a policy by the United States to coerce the Soviet Union into backing down militarily.
Analyze the historical significance of or the purpose of the Truman Doctrine.
the Truman Doctrine implied American support for other nations allegedly threatened by Soviet communism.
Analyze the historical significance of the Supreme Court case Korematsu vs. United States.
was a landmark United States Supreme Court case concerning the constitutionality of Executive Order 9066, which ordered Japanese Americans into internment camps during World War II regardless of their citizenship.
Analyze the historical impact that the Taft-Hartley Act on labor unions in 1947.
was designed to benefit all parties to a labor agreement—the employer, employees, and the labor union.
Analyze the impact of the following dates: 1) 12/07 1941 2) 06/06/1944 3) 05/08/1944
1. Pearl Harbor 2. D-Day 3. The Second Battle of Târgu Frumos ended in Axis victory.
Analyze the historical significance of Executive Order 9066 issued by President Roosevelt after the attack at Pearl Harbor.
2/19/42; 112,000 Japanese-Americans forced into camps causing loss of homes & businesses, 600K more renounced citizenship; demonstrated fear of Japanese invasion. This order gave the armed forces the power to establish military zones. It also gave them the power to force people of Japanese heritage from the western United States.
Analyze the historical significance or primary effect of NSC-68.
A memorandum called for the U.S. to quadruple their spending on on defense, problem is Truman didn't think it would go over well because we would have to tax people to get the money.
Analyze factors that contributed to the American sentiment of isolationism in the United States during the 1930's.
American Isolationism in the 1930s. During the 1930s, the combination of the Great Depression and the memory of tragic losses in World War I contributed to pushing American public opinion and policy toward isolationism. ... The leaders of the isolationist movement drew upon history to bolster their position.
Analyze the historical significance of the Berlin Airlift and how did this episode impact the relationship between the United States and the Soviet Union?
At the end of the Second World War, U.S., British, and Soviet military forces divided and occupied Germany. The relationship between the United States and the Soviet Union was very tense and confrontational during most of the Cold War. The Soviet Union wanted to spread communism around the world. We wanted to prevent communism from spreading. This led to a series of challenges between the two countries.
Identify the 5 nations that were given permanent member status of the United nations Security Council when the United Nations was established in 1945.
China, France, Russian Federation, the United Kingdom, and the United States
Analyze the historical significance of the Munich Conference prior to WWII.
Conference held in Munich on September 28--29, 1938, during which the leaders of Great Britain, France, and Italy agreed to allow Germany to annex certain areas of Czechoslovakia. The Munich Conference came as a result of a long series of negotiations.
Identify the components of the McCarran Act.
Congress took further action in fighting communism. This act required Communist organizations to register with the government and established a special board to investigate Communist involvement. The act also made it illegal to plan foe a creation of a totalitarian dictatorship and prevented Communists or other radicals from entering the United States.
Analyze the historical significance of Dr. Jonas Salk.
Created vaccine for pollo
Analyze the historical significance and the actual dates of the following events: 1) the attack on Pearl Harbor 2)D-Day invasion 3) the dropping of the atomic bomb and 4) the German invasion on Hiroshima
December 7th, 1941 Pearl Harbor it was major because it was attack by the Japanese on American soil to entice Americans to join WW2. June 6th, 1944 in World War II on which Allied forces invaded northern France by means of beach landings in Normandy. August 6, 1945 Japan was not giving up no matter what so ever so the United States decides to drop the first Atomic Bomb which causes for Japan to surrender just a few days after both bombs are dropped.
Analyze the historical significance of the Battle of the Bulge and why was this Battle a significant Allied victory during WWII?
December, 1944-January, 1945 - After recapturing France, the Allied advance became stalled along the German border. In the winter of 1944, Germany staged a massive counterattack in Belgium and Luxembourg which pushed a 30 mile "bulge" into the Allied lines. The Allies stopped the German advance and threw them back across the Rhine with heavy losses.
Analyze the historical significance of each of the following American military individuals during WWII: 1)Douglass MacArthur 2) Erwin Rommel 3) Dwight Eisenhower 4) George Patton 5) Chester Nimitz
Douglass MacArthur-American general, he commanded U.S. troops in the Southwest Pacific during World War II and administrated Japan after the war ended. He later commanded UN forced at the beginning of the Korean War until he was removed by President Truman. Erwin Rommel-German general during WW2; he commanded the Afrika Korps and was nicknamed the Desert Fox for his leadership. Dwight Eisenhower-(FDR) United States general who supervised the invasion of Normandy, Casablanca and the defeat of Nazi Germany George Patton-Allied Commander of the Third Army. Was instrumental in winning the Battle of the Bulge. Considered one of the best military commanders in American history. Chester Nimitz-United States admiral of the Pacific fleet during World War II who used aircraft carriers to destroy the Japanese navy (1885-1966)
Analyze characteristics of the American Homefront during WWII.
During World War II, as an alternative to rationing, Americans planted "victory gardens," in which they grew their own food. ... Families were issued ration stamps that were used to buy their allotment of everything from meat, sugar, fat, butter, vegetables and fruit to gas, tires, clothing and fuel oil.
Identify key or significant components of US foreign policy during the 1950s.
During the 1950's Dwight Eisenhower's foreign policy included "more bang for the buck", brinkmanship, massive retaliation, and the Central Intelligence Agency spying of foreign governments.
Identify what is meant by the growth of suburbia (suburbs). How did the growth of the suburbs impact urban America?
Fordable housing due to the construction of levittowns. From loans of the GI Bill. Impacted-White flight were the middle class took their tax base and the poor people are left in the cities so the cities can't tax therefore no improvements can be made.
Analyze the concept of appeasement (what does this term suggest). Give an example of this policy being carried out prior to the beginning of the German blitzkrieg in Europe.
Giving in to aggressive demands to maintain peace. British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain met with Hitler to avoid armed conflict. They agreed to allow Hitler to annex the Sudetenland to appease Hitler. However, Hitler was not going to stop after gaining Sudetenland, as he promised. Churchill believed it was cowardly and would lead to war.
Why did President Roosevelt give the Four Freedoms speech in January 1941?
He gave this speech in an effort to win American support for the war effort. The speech observes that the challenge facing the world was a struggle for basic American values. Roosevelt argued, the nation would be working to protect what he called the "four freedoms." These were the freedom of speech, freedom of worship, freedom from want, and freedom from fear.
Analyze the historical significance of Julius and Ethel Rosenberg.
In the 1950's Julius and Ethel Rosenberg was charged and convicted of espionage for giving information to the Soviet Union on how to build an atomic weapon. They will be the first Americans executed for espionage. They were sent to the electric chair on June 19th, 1953.
Analyze the historical significance of December 7th, 1941.
It was the day that the Japanese attacked American soil at Pearl Harbor in Hawaii.
Analyze the historical significance of Operation Overlord (D-Day).
It was the day that the allied forces took over France once again.
Analyze the Allied military strategy during WWII agreed upon by the US and Great Britain Why was this strategy chosen by the Allies?
Leapfrogging was a military strategy employed by the Allies in the Pacific War against the Axis powers (most notably Japan) during World War II. It entailed bypassing and isolating heavily fortified Japanese positions while preparing to take over strategically important islands.
What factors contributed to the growth of suburbia in the United States in post WWII America (late 1940s and beyond)?
Masses of returning veterans wishing to start a settled life moved to the suburbs. Levittown developed as a major prototype of mass-produced housing. ... After World War II, availability of Federal Housing Administration mortgage loans stimulated a housing boom in U.S. suburbs.
Analyze what President Eisenhower meant when he warned about a military industrial complex that had emerged in the United States by the end of his second term as President of the United States.
President Dwight Eisenhower gave the nation a dire warning about what he described as a threat to democratic government. ... "In the councils of government, we must guard against the acquisition of unwarranted influence, whether sought or unsought, by the military-industrial complex. I think he was warning about the rising threat of communism in other countries.
Analyze the reason that the Truman Doctrine was issued in 1947.
President Harry S. Truman established that the United States would provide political, military and economic assistance to all democratic nations under threat from external or internal authoritarian forces.
Analyze the historical significance of the famous "Checkers Speech".
Richard Nixon, Ike's vice presidential running mate was accused of taking $18,000 fund made up of gifts from political supporters which is illegal. Nixon used the television to defend his conduct. This speech saved his spot on the Republican ticket.
Analyze the historical significance of along with major ideas developed at the Atlantic Charter meeting between Roosevelt and Churchill in August, 1941.
Roosevelt and Churchill met secretly on a ship off the coast of Canada. This agreement proclaimed the shared goals of the United States and Britain in opposing Hitler and his allies.
Name and analyze ways in which the United States provided aid to Great Britain prior to the bombing of Pearl Harbor on December 7th, 1941
Roosevelt urged a policy of "all aid short of war." The president agreed to trade fifty aging American warships for eight British military bases. Also Roosevelt passed the Lend-Lease Act which allowed the US to send weapons to Great Britain regardless of its ability to pay. Also the Atlantic Charter which proclaimed the shared goals of the US and Great Britain in opposing Hitler and his allies.
Identify the historical significance of the Sunbelt region of the United States. Where is this region located and what brought about rapid population growth in this area?
Sunbelt refers to the southern and western states if the US which saw an increase in population during the 1950s during to growing defense industries and better climate.
Analyze the primary reason the President Truman justified the use of atomic weaponry against Japan during WWII.
Take 3 years if they did an invasion
Analyze the historical significance of the Eisenhower Doctrine.
That the United States would send aid and supplies to countries in the middle east. To protect those countries in the middle east to from following to Communism.