fitness for life 6

waist, waist-to-hip

*Body Fat Distribution (Location) 2 Methods: 1. _________ Circumference 2. ________________ Ratio

hydrostatic

*Methods of estimating body fat: 1. ____________(underwater) weighing

Bod

*Methods of estimating body fat: 2. The _____ Pod

skinfold

*Methods of estimating body fat: 3. __________ measurements

Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis

*Methods of estimating body fat: 4. _______________________(BIA)

DEXA, TOBEC

*Methods of estimating body fat: 5. ________ & _________

exercise, healthy, weight

*Permanent Lifestyle Changes 1. Regular __________: cardiorespiratory, strength, and flexibility training 2. A ________ diet, staying within caloric needs 3. __________ management

metabollic

*Problems Associated with Being Overweight, Obese, and Having Excess Body Fat: 1. Increased risk of the ____________ Syndrome.

diabetes

*Problems Associated with Being Overweight, Obese, and Having Excess Body Fat: 2. Increased risk of Type 2 ___________.

cancer

*Problems Associated with Being Overweight, Obese, and Having Excess Body Fat: 3. Increased risk of many forms of ________.

joint and back

*Problems Associated with Being Overweight, Obese, and Having Excess Body Fat: 4. Increased ______ and ______ problems.

emotional

*Problems Associated with Being Overweight, Obese, and Having Excess Body Fat: 5. Can effect one's _________ well-being.

abdominal waist

*body fat distribution Excess body fat in the ____________ area increases risk of chronic diseases. Assessed by measuring _________ circumference.

body mass index

-a measure of relative body weight correlating with highly more direct measures of body fat, calculated by dividing total body weight (kg) by the square of body height (m)

Total Body Electrical Conductivity (TOBEC)

-estimates lean body mass by passing a body through a magnetic field

Bod Pod

-small chamber containing computerized sensors -measures body composition by air displacement -technique's technical name is plethysmography

hydrostatic weighing

-technique in which an individual is submerged and weighed in water. -fat and fat-free mass are calculated from body density -people who float more have more fat and therefore weigh less underwater as opposed to people with more muscle who sink and weigh more underwater

Duel-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA)

-works by measuring the tissue absorption of high- and low-energy x-ray beams -error rate of +/- 2%

bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA)

-works by sending a small electrical current through the body and measuring the body's resistance to it -fat-free mass, consisting of water, is a good conductor and fat is not -amount of resistance correlates with fat-free mass less resistance=more fat-free mass

40, 35

A total waist measurement of more than ____ inches for men and more than ____ inches for women is associated with a significantly increased risk of chronic diseases.

inaccurate, not

Although commonly used, height/weight charts and BMI can be highly ___________ for some people. Therefore, one's body weight alone is _____ an accurate indicator of body composition.

body weight

BMI is useful for classifying the health risks of _____________.

essential, nonessential

Body fat includes both _____________ and ______________(storage) body fats.

3-5, 8-12

Essential fat makes up _____% of total body weight in men and _____% in women.

amenorrhea and female athlete triad

Problems Associated with Very Low Levels of Body Fat

body mass index

The medical and scientific communities are presently identifying overweight and obesity by using _________________ cut off points as opposed to traditional height and weight charts.

true

True or False? "Although not accurate methods of assessing body composition, body weight and BMI are useful methods of tracking progress in a program to change body composition."

true

True or False? "The amount of body fat depends on gender, age, heredity, metabolism, diet, and activity level.

true

True or False? "When looking at body composition, the most important consideration is the proportion of the body's total weight that is fat (Percent Body Fat).

harmful

Visceral fat is more __________ to health than subcutaneous.

waist

________ circumference has been found to be a better indicator of abdominal fat than waist-to-hip ratio.

nonessential body fat

________________________ is found mostly in fat cells below the skin (subcutaneous fat) and around major organs (visceral fat).

metabollic syndrome

a cluster of symptoms present in many overweight and obese people that greatly increases their risk of heart disease, diabetes, and other chronic illnesses -symptoms include insulin resistance, abnormal blood fats, abdominal fat deposition, type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, and chronic inflammation

female athlete triad

a condition consisting of three interrelated disorders: abnormal eating patterns followed by lack of menstrual periods and decreased bone density

amenorrhea

absent or infrequent menstruation, sometimes related to low levels of body fat and excessive quantity or intensity of exercise

overweight

body weight above the recommended range for good health -sometimes defined as a body mass index between 25 and 29.9

essential fat

fat incorporated in various tissues of the body; critical for normal body functioning

visceral fat

fat located around major organs -also called intra-abdominal fat

subcutaneous fat

fat located under the skin

obesity

severely overweight, characterized by an excessive accumulation of body fat; may also be defined in terms of some measure of total body weight or a body mass index of 30 or more

percent body fat

the percentage of total body weight that is composed of fat