GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT
The fetal stomach should be visualized by: a. 8 weeks b. 14 weeks c. 20 weeks d. 18 weeks
b. 14 weeks
Which of the following would be least likely to be associated with an elevated maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein? a. Pentalogy of Cantrell b. Anorectal atresia c. Gastroschisis d. Omphalocele
b. Anorectal atresia
Which of the following would be most likely associated with oligohydramnios? a. Duodenal atresia b. Hepatomegaly c. Bilateral renal agenesis d. Physiologic bowel herniation
c. Bilateral renal agenesis
Which of the following would be most likely associated with an excessive amount of amniotic fluid? a. Duodenal atresia b. Hepatomegaly c. Bilateral renal agenesis d. Physiologic bowel herniation
a. Duodenal atresia
Which of the following best describes a choledochal cyst? a. It is the cystic dilatation of the common bile duct. b. It is the herniation of the abdominal contents into the umbilical cord. c. It is the congenital absence of the cystic duct. d. It is the inflammation of the biliary tree due to extrinsic obstruction.
a. It is the cystic dilatation of the common bile duct.
Which of the following laboratory values would be significant in the detection of an abdominal wall defect? a. Maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein b. Human chorionic gonadotropin c. Maternal serum amylase d. Estradiol
a. Maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein
All of the following are associated with omphalocele except: a. Normal cord insertion b. Multiple chromosomal abnormalities c. Elevated MSAFP d. Periumbilical mass
a. Normal cord insertion
An excessive amount of amniotic fluid is termed: a. Polyhydramnios b. Oligohydramnios c. Esophageal atresia d. Amniotic fluid index
a. Polyhydramnios
Most often, _____ is associated with duodenal atresia. a. Trisomy 21 b. Trisomy 18 c. Trisomy 13 d. Triploidy
a. trisomy 21
Intrauterine growth restriction is defined as: a. A small-for-dates fetus b. A fetus that falls below the 10th percentile for gestational age c. A fetus that is immunocompromised and has decreased umbilical cord Doppler ratios for gestational age d. A fetus that fall below the fifth percentile for gestational age
b. A fetus that falls below the 10th percentile for gestational age
The "double bubble" sign is indicative of: a. Esophageal atresia b. Duodenal atresia c. Hydrocephalus d. Oligohydramnios
b. Duodenal atresia
Fetal stool is termed: a. Plicae b. Meconium c. Laguna d. Lanugo
b. Meconium
All of the following are associated with gastroschisis except: a. Normal cord insertion b. Multiple chromosomal abnormalities c. Elevated maternal serum alphafetoprotein d. Periumbilical mass
b. Multiple chromosomal abnormalities
Duodenal atresia and esophageal atresia are associated with: a. Oligohydramnios b. Polyhydramnios c. Normal amniotic fluid index d. Both A and B
b. Polyhydramnios
Gastroschisis occurs more often in what location? a. Left lateral of the cord insertion b. Right lateral of the cord insertion c. Just superior to the fetal bladder d. In the base of the umbilical cord
b. Right lateral of the cord insertion
The congenital maldevelopment of the rectum and absence of anal opening is termed: a. Jejunal atresia b. Intussusception c. Anorectal atresia d. Duodenal atresia
c. Anorectal atresia
Which of the following is considered to be the most common type of colonic atresia? a. Duodenal atresia b. Jejunal atresia c. Anorectal atresia d. Intussusception
c. Anorectal atresia
Hepatomegaly would be seen in conjunction with: a. Down syndrome b. Edward syndrome c. Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome d. Hirschsprung disease
c. Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome
Congenital maldevelopment of the proximal portion of the small intestine is termed: a. VACTERL syndrome b. Esophageal atresia c. Duodenal atresia d. Jejunal atresia
c. Duodenal atresia
An omphalocele may contain: a. Fetal liver b. Ascites c. Fetal colon d. All of the above
d. All of the above
The congenital absence of part of the esophagus is termed: a. Duodenal atresia b. VACTERL syndrome c. Down syndrome d. Esophageal atresia
d. Esophageal atresia
What organ(s) produces amniotic fluid after 12 weeks? a. Fetal liver and spleen b. Fetal intestines and lungs c. Fetal intestines and liver d. Fetal kidneys
d. Fetal kidneys
Pentalogy of Cantrell includes all of the following findings except: a. Cardiovascular malformations b. Diaphragmatic malformations c. Omphalocele d. Gastroschisis
d. Gastroschisis
The most common abnormality of the fetal liver is: a. Gallstones b. Hepatocellular lymphadenopathy c. Cirrhosis d. Hepatomegaly
d. Hepatomegaly
All of the following are associated with omphalocele except: a. Trisomy 18 b. Pentalogy of Cantrell c. Intrauterine growth restriction d. Hirschsprung disease
d. Hirschsprung disease
An omphalocele is associated with all of the following except: a. Pentalogy of Cantrell b. Trisomy 18 c. Patau syndrome d. Meconium aspiration syndrome
d. Meconium aspiration syndrome
All of the following are associated with esophageal atresia except: a. Down syndrome b. VACTERL syndrome c. Edwards syndrome d. Oligohydramnios
d. Oligohydramnios
The herniation of the bowel into the base of the umbilical cord before 12 weeks is termed: a. Gastroschisis b. Omphalocele c. Hernia umbilicus d. Physiologic herniation
d. Physiologic herniation
All of the following are associated with duodenal atresia except: a. Trisomy 21 b. Esophageal atresia c. VACTERL syndrome d. Turner syndrome
d. Turner syndrome
A functional bowel disorder within the fetus that is caused by the absence of intestinal nerves is found in: a. Gastroschisis b. Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome c. Omphalocele d. hirschsprung disease
d.hirschsprung disease