GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT

The fetal stomach should be visualized by: a. 8 weeks b. 14 weeks c. 20 weeks d. 18 weeks

b. 14 weeks

Which of the following would be least likely to be associated with an elevated maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein? a. Pentalogy of Cantrell b. Anorectal atresia c. Gastroschisis d. Omphalocele

b. Anorectal atresia

Which of the following would be most likely associated with oligohydramnios? a. Duodenal atresia b. Hepatomegaly c. Bilateral renal agenesis d. Physiologic bowel herniation

c. Bilateral renal agenesis

Which of the following would be most likely associated with an excessive amount of amniotic fluid? a. Duodenal atresia b. Hepatomegaly c. Bilateral renal agenesis d. Physiologic bowel herniation

a. Duodenal atresia

Which of the following best describes a choledochal cyst? a. It is the cystic dilatation of the common bile duct. b. It is the herniation of the abdominal contents into the umbilical cord. c. It is the congenital absence of the cystic duct. d. It is the inflammation of the biliary tree due to extrinsic obstruction.

a. It is the cystic dilatation of the common bile duct.

Which of the following laboratory values would be significant in the detection of an abdominal wall defect? a. Maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein b. Human chorionic gonadotropin c. Maternal serum amylase d. Estradiol

a. Maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein

All of the following are associated with omphalocele except: a. Normal cord insertion b. Multiple chromosomal abnormalities c. Elevated MSAFP d. Periumbilical mass

a. Normal cord insertion

An excessive amount of amniotic fluid is termed: a. Polyhydramnios b. Oligohydramnios c. Esophageal atresia d. Amniotic fluid index

a. Polyhydramnios

Most often, _____ is associated with duodenal atresia. a. Trisomy 21 b. Trisomy 18 c. Trisomy 13 d. Triploidy

a. trisomy 21

Intrauterine growth restriction is defined as: a. A small-for-dates fetus b. A fetus that falls below the 10th percentile for gestational age c. A fetus that is immunocompromised and has decreased umbilical cord Doppler ratios for gestational age d. A fetus that fall below the fifth percentile for gestational age

b. A fetus that falls below the 10th percentile for gestational age

The "double bubble" sign is indicative of: a. Esophageal atresia b. Duodenal atresia c. Hydrocephalus d. Oligohydramnios

b. Duodenal atresia

Fetal stool is termed: a. Plicae b. Meconium c. Laguna d. Lanugo

b. Meconium

All of the following are associated with gastroschisis except: a. Normal cord insertion b. Multiple chromosomal abnormalities c. Elevated maternal serum alphafetoprotein d. Periumbilical mass

b. Multiple chromosomal abnormalities

Duodenal atresia and esophageal atresia are associated with: a. Oligohydramnios b. Polyhydramnios c. Normal amniotic fluid index d. Both A and B

b. Polyhydramnios

Gastroschisis occurs more often in what location? a. Left lateral of the cord insertion b. Right lateral of the cord insertion c. Just superior to the fetal bladder d. In the base of the umbilical cord

b. Right lateral of the cord insertion

The congenital maldevelopment of the rectum and absence of anal opening is termed: a. Jejunal atresia b. Intussusception c. Anorectal atresia d. Duodenal atresia

c. Anorectal atresia

Which of the following is considered to be the most common type of colonic atresia? a. Duodenal atresia b. Jejunal atresia c. Anorectal atresia d. Intussusception

c. Anorectal atresia

Hepatomegaly would be seen in conjunction with: a. Down syndrome b. Edward syndrome c. Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome d. Hirschsprung disease

c. Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome

Congenital maldevelopment of the proximal portion of the small intestine is termed: a. VACTERL syndrome b. Esophageal atresia c. Duodenal atresia d. Jejunal atresia

c. Duodenal atresia

An omphalocele may contain: a. Fetal liver b. Ascites c. Fetal colon d. All of the above

d. All of the above

The congenital absence of part of the esophagus is termed: a. Duodenal atresia b. VACTERL syndrome c. Down syndrome d. Esophageal atresia

d. Esophageal atresia

What organ(s) produces amniotic fluid after 12 weeks? a. Fetal liver and spleen b. Fetal intestines and lungs c. Fetal intestines and liver d. Fetal kidneys

d. Fetal kidneys

Pentalogy of Cantrell includes all of the following findings except: a. Cardiovascular malformations b. Diaphragmatic malformations c. Omphalocele d. Gastroschisis

d. Gastroschisis

The most common abnormality of the fetal liver is: a. Gallstones b. Hepatocellular lymphadenopathy c. Cirrhosis d. Hepatomegaly

d. Hepatomegaly

All of the following are associated with omphalocele except: a. Trisomy 18 b. Pentalogy of Cantrell c. Intrauterine growth restriction d. Hirschsprung disease

d. Hirschsprung disease

An omphalocele is associated with all of the following except: a. Pentalogy of Cantrell b. Trisomy 18 c. Patau syndrome d. Meconium aspiration syndrome

d. Meconium aspiration syndrome

All of the following are associated with esophageal atresia except: a. Down syndrome b. VACTERL syndrome c. Edwards syndrome d. Oligohydramnios

d. Oligohydramnios

The herniation of the bowel into the base of the umbilical cord before 12 weeks is termed: a. Gastroschisis b. Omphalocele c. Hernia umbilicus d. Physiologic herniation

d. Physiologic herniation

All of the following are associated with duodenal atresia except: a. Trisomy 21 b. Esophageal atresia c. VACTERL syndrome d. Turner syndrome

d. Turner syndrome

A functional bowel disorder within the fetus that is caused by the absence of intestinal nerves is found in: a. Gastroschisis b. Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome c. Omphalocele d. hirschsprung disease

d.hirschsprung disease